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1.
在超越对数型生产函数的基础上,运用随机前沿分析模型对1996-2008年中国农业科技资源的技术效率变化进行了测算,同时对影响农业科技资源技术效率的相关因素进行了分析.测算结果表明,中国农业科技资源的技术效率存在不同程度的损失,平均技术效率值只有0.61.从农业生态区划来看,华南、华中、东南地区的平均技术效率要高于东北、华北、西南、西北地区.农村生产力发展的水平、农村科技对经济发展影响程度对农业科技资源的技术效率有显著的正向影响,农村文化教育发展状况及农民生活信息化程度对农业科技资源的技术效率有显著的负向影响.因此,科学利用农业科技活动经费、大力培养农业技术人才、不断提高农业机械利用效率和农民生活水平,将成为提升农业科技资源技术效率的重要举措. 相似文献
2.
知识经济时代,人力资源成为企业关注的最重要的资源,与人力资本是有区别的。一个企业要发展,就必须将其静态的人力资源转变为动态的人力资本,为企业创造价值。首先区分了人力资源与人力资本,然后从管理者自身、人力资源管理制度以及人力资本价值评估等三个方面分析了阻碍企业人力资源向人力资本转化的原因。最后从管理者当局、员工流动性管理、合理配置和激励制度等方面提出了使人力资源顺利转化为人力资本的一些建议。 相似文献
3.
我国是农业大国,农民占人口的大多数,目前我国农村人力资源数量巨大,但整体素质偏低,这直接影响我国农业、农村经济乃至整个国民经济的发展,影响农村全面建设小康社会的进程。被誉为“人力资本理论之父”的美国经济学家西奥多·舒尔茨在长期研究农业经济问题中发现,从 相似文献
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农业技术推广研究之现状分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
农业发展离不开农业科技,将农业技术成果输送到农业生产者的手中,农业技术转移(包括农业推广)是必不可少的一个途径,它在农业技术成果的转化中起着一个桥梁的作用.农业技术推广是科研成果转化为现实生产力的桥梁和纽带,是促进农业和农村经济发展的重要途径.就目前农业技术推广研究作了综述,以便了解目前国内外农业技术推广之现状. 相似文献
6.
赵新宪 《内蒙古科技与经济》2005,(8):17-19
我国是世界农业大国,“三农”问题是中国经济体制改革的关键所在。本文以科技兴农为出发点,结合我国国情,针对农村人口整体素质落后,农业效益低下的情况,总结并提出如何将农村丰富的人力资源转化为雄厚的人才资源,并充分为农业生产服务,整体提升中国农业经济效益和社会效益。同时给予农业效益美好的前景。 相似文献
7.
王旭 《科技成果管理与研究》2011,(12):97-98
人力资源是转变经济发展方式的重要保证,转变经济发展方式对人力资源具有重要影响。把人力资源作为最重要的战略资源来认识、开发和管理,有利于促使我国由传统的人口大国转化为人力资源强国。经济发展方式的一切转变既依赖人的发展又为了人的发展,人力资源既是转变经济发展方式的手段,更是转变经济发展方式的目的。 相似文献
8.
农村技术转移体系是农业科技成果从研发、转化、推广到应用的系统过程，是农业科技成果传播扩散到生产一线，转化为现实生产力的有效方式。目前，我国农村技术转移体系主要包括以科技项目、技术人员、专业技术组织和政府技术推广部门等为载体的转移形式。改革开放以来，我国农村技术转移体系为促进农业科技成果转化推广，推动农村经济发展和科技扶贫工作，发挥科技第一生产力作用起到了积极作用。但是，农村技术转移体系尚存在着机构体系不健全、服务不到位、转化效率低等问题。伴随新的农业科技革命，特别是在构建和谐社会和新农村建设的背景下，对农村技术转移体系提出了新的要求。面临贫困地区农业基础薄弱和农民素质较低的问题，如何使农村技术转移体系建设和科技扶贫工作形成良性互动，成为摆在农村技术转移体系建设面前的重要课题。[第一段] 相似文献
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《科技管理研究》2015,(13)
基于对中国种植业科研机构及其科技人力资源情况的深入分析,研究运用协整分析和Granger因果检验等方法探讨种植业科研机构科技人员结构、人力资本、科技人员流动与农业经济发展的关系,得出以下结论:第一,种植业科研机构科技人员结构、人力资本、科技人员流动与农业经济发展均为一阶单整序列。第二,农业经济发展序列与科技人力资源序列存在长期均衡与短期动态关系,当短期动态关系偏离时,将以90.18%的力度调整至均衡状态。第三,女性科技人员比重与人力资本的增加均对农业经济发展具有正面影响,科技人员流动对农业经济发展影响不明显,甚至具有微负面效应。第四,种植业科研机构科技人员结构与农业经济发展,农业经济发展与科技人员流入、人力资本均存在单向因果关系;农业经济发展与科技人员流出之间因果关系得不到实证支持。据此,研究提出充分发挥科技人力资源优势,促进农业经济发展的建议。 相似文献
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中原经济区的发展迫切需要强有力的智力支持和人才保障。政府和社会应大力发展生产力,为农民知识化水平提供政策保障,激发农民的求知欲,并建立现代农民教育体系,构建农村公共文化服务体系,培养农村复合型人才,提高农民素质,使中原经济区建设中农业现代化的发展真正步入人力资本依托型的可持续发展的快车道。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献