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针对因PPP项目的公益性或准公益性与社会资本逐利性的矛盾而降低了社会资本投资PPP项目积极性的问题,创新运用可转换公司债券,在PPP项目实际发起人对合并报表需求不大的情况下邀请投资合作伙伴,由该伙伴全资或控股设立项目公司,然后由该项目公司向发起人发行可转换公司债券。研究发现,可转换公司债券这一创新运用,既能实现项目公司控制权进而项目资产所有权的转换,同时又利用PPP项目或项目公司的投资优惠、税收节约、报表合并乃至合并纳税等诸多好处,降低PPP项目经营风险和融资成本,增加PPP项目及其融资的吸引力。 相似文献
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《软科学》2022,(1):24-29
运用结构方程模型(SEM)构建我国PPP项目可融资性影响因素理论模型,使用1,010份调查问卷获取数据,利用SPSS22.0、AMOS17.0等量化工具实证研究了中国政府与社会资本合作(PPP)项目可融资性的影响因素。实证结果显示：公司融资能力相适性、项目可实现性和财务可持续性对PPP项目可融资性具有显著正向影响;财务可持续性分别在公司融资能力相适性、项目可实现性、政府履约保障可靠性、增信措施有效性与PPP项目可融资性之间具有中介作用,而在金融生态环境稳定性与PPP项目可融资性之间不具有中介作用。最后,分别从政府方、社会资本方和银行的角度提出政策建议。 相似文献
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通过选取国内科技创新领域100个典型PPP项目作为案例,应用模糊集定性比较方法（fsQCA）进行组态分析,研究影响PPP可融资性必要条件,探索不同付费模式下科技创新PPP项目可融资性提升路径。研究结果表明：（1）合理的物有所值评价（VfM）和财政承受能力评价是影响融资交割的必要条件,印证了PPP项目“两评一案”的重要性;（2）存在6条提升科技创新PPP可融资性路径,利益分配机制、风险分担机制和运行合理性是这6条路径的关键因素,科技创新PPP项目对社会资本实力要求最低;（3）可通过提高利益分配机制合理性及政府管理水平提升政府付费项目的可融资性,通过提高PPP项目运行机制合理性和市场需求稳定性提升使用者付费项目可融资性,通过提高PPP项目利益分配机制合理性提高可行性缺口补助项目可融资性。 相似文献
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《内蒙古科技与经济》2016,(15)
PPP模式是指政企合作或政企合伙,是为了缓解地方债务而新兴的融资模式,以特许权协议为合同方式进行的长期合作机制,主要针对公共项目。笔者分析了PPP模式的关键问题——风险与收益问题,并结合马科维茨模型,讨论政府和社会资本对PPP项目投资比例对风险的影响,以期在最大化项目收益的过程中降低风险。 相似文献
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政府和社会资本合作(PPP)模式在基础设施建设领域广泛应用。PPP是涉及面很广的项目,需要共赢。选对PPP社会资本方的重要性,不亚于选对项目。PPP模式应用的首要目标是在保证质量和服务水平的前提下,提高效率、降低价格,选择合理的社会资本方不仅有助于提高项目的运作效率、降低项目总建造费用,还有助于转换政府职能,减轻政府财政负担。根据相关数据将参与PPP项目的社会资本分为三类并分析优劣势;从财务能力、技术能力、管理能力、历史项目评价四个方面构建社会资本评价指标体系,基于层次分析法和模糊综合评价法构建选择评价模型;最后,以某污水处理厂PPP项目为例验证了模型的科学性、合理性,试图为政府选择社会资本提供新思路。 相似文献
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可融资性难问题持续制约PPP健康发展,社会资本往往从项目本身和地方政府两个维度评价项目的可融资性.通过综合比较主流样本合成算法在合成样本的精细度以及分类器算法对非平衡样本集少数类样本的识别能力,针对我国财政部政府和社会资本合作中心库中PPP案例样本数据存在非平衡性及高噪声异质性问题,提出Borderline-SMOTE Bagging算法,按照不同领域对其中4组项目进行可融资性评价.结果表明:基于数据挖掘算法对PPP可融资性进行评价具备可行性;Borderline-SMOTE Bagging算法具备良好的样本分类能力和优秀的泛化能力,能有效降低因合成样本形成的噪音所带来的负面影响,且具备良好的少数类样本识别能力.最后结合实证过程遇到的问题,对未来PPP数据化发展,提出政府部门应增强PPP项目数据收集能力并逐步实现数据开放共享,借助大数据技术提升PPP项目管理效率和精准度等建议. 相似文献
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可融资性难问题持续制约PPP健康发展,社会资本往往从项目本身和地方政府两个维度评价PPP项目可融资性。通过综合比较主流样本合成算法在合成样本的精细度以及分类器算法对非平衡样本集少数类样本识别能力,针对CPPPC库中PPP案例样本数据非平衡性及高噪声异质性,提出Borderline-SMOTE Bagging算法,对四组PPP项目进行可融资性评价。研究结果表明：基于数据挖掘算法对PPP可融资性进行评价具备可行性;针对PPP非平衡数据集问题,Borderline-SMOTE Bagging算法具备良好的样本分类能力和优秀的泛化能力,能有效降低因合成样本形成的噪音所带来的负面影响,且具备良好的少数类样本识别能力。 相似文献
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分析PPP模式的应用背景,废弃矿山环境治理PPP模式适用性、PPP项目设计方法以及吸引社会资本投资等问题。提出PPP模式应用废弃矿山环境治理机制的创新思路;从矿山环境治理项目本身特点、政府能力和私人部门能力三方面合理选择PPP模式和项目设计;尽快完善相关PPP模式的法规、政策和设立专门机构和充实PPP项目相关人才库,规避矿山环境治理PPP模式过程中的问题。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献