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从知识管理的角度对与制造业复杂产品研发相适应的组织形式进行探索。通过对两个船舶产品研发案例的对比分析,提出基于知识管理的多层次跨企业团队模型。 相似文献
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It is often argued that small–medium enterprises (SMEs) do not manage knowledge the same way as large firms, but may need appropriate approaches to capture and exploit external knowledge effectively. This paper compares two opposite approaches to knowledge management (KM): one is called ‘deliberate’ or ‘planned’, and the other ‘emergent’. These approaches are analysed with reference to the management of knowledge pertaining to client–supplier relationships, which are particularly important in the case of small companies providing knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). A case study of a small KIBS company is illustrated, which has developed two different projects, based on different approaches to KM, for managing knowledge referring to clients. The case shows that, for a small company, an emergent approach to KM can be more suitable than a deliberate one for managing such knowledge. The implications of this result for KM research and practice are then examined. 相似文献
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Knowledge Management: A Threefold Framework 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
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企业产品开发断点学习策略浅析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
知识是企业获得竞争优势的重要资源 ,对产品开发过程的知识进行有效的管理是企业获得可持续发展的关键。本文在分析了知识管理框架的基础上 ,结合产品开发工作的实际 ,提出了面向知识管理的企业产品开发断点学习策略 ,并就其理论和实际意义及实施进行了评论 相似文献
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效果逻辑知识搜寻与新产品开发优势 《科学学研究》2022,40(4):674-683
通过256家有效企业样本，对效果逻辑对新产品开发优势的作用机制进行探索，讨论并验证了知识搜寻的中介作用。研究发现：效果逻辑正向影响新产品开发速度和创新性，同时正向影响反应型搜寻和前瞻型搜寻；反应型搜寻对新产品开发速度的正向影响强于前瞻型搜寻，但对新产品创新性的正向影响弱于前瞻型搜寻。进一步地，反应型搜寻在效果逻辑与新产品开发速度之间起中介作用，而前瞻型搜寻在效果逻辑与新产品创新性之间起中介作用。 相似文献
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创新价值链对于企业的发展是十分重要的,因为它能够清晰展示出创新过程的每一个环节,可以帮助管理者对企业进行优化升级,将精力集中在薄弱环节以及重视创新过程的各个相互影响的环节。本文在梳理文献的基础上,介绍了创新价值链的概念,并与创新过程和知识价值链这两个容易混淆的概念进行辨析,随后围绕知识来源、知识转化、知识利用三个环节分别进行评述,并且在数字化转型的背景下,阐述了数字化知识网络如何形成,最后提出未来的三个研究方向,即数字化创新过程或具体形式、数字化知识网络中的参与者类型及约束条件、数字化创新能力和资源协调能力。本文的研究对国内创新价值链的研究和实践提供有益的启示。 相似文献
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Nowadays, online forums have become a useful tool for knowledge management in Web-based technology. This study proposes a social recommender system which generates discussion thread and expert recommendations based on semantic similarity, profession and reliability, social intimacy and popularity, and social network-based Markov Chain (SNMC) models for knowledge sharing in online forum communities. The advantage of the proposed mechanism is its relatively comprehensive consideration of the aspects of knowledge sharing. Accordingly, results of our experiments show that with the support of the proposed recommendation mechanism, requesters in forums can easily find similar discussion threads to avoid spamming the same discussion. In addition, if the requesters cannot find qualified discussion threads, this mechanism provides a relatively efficient and active way to find the appropriate experts. 相似文献
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In today’s world, knowledge is important for constructing core competitive advantages for individuals and organizations. Recently, Web 2.0 applications and social media have provided a convenient medium for people to share knowledge over the Internet. However, the huge amount of created knowledge can also leads to the problem of information overload. This research proposes a social knowledge navigation mechanism that utilizes the techniques of relevant knowledge network construction, knowledge importance analysis, and knowledge concept ontology construction to generate a visualized recommendation of a knowledge map of sub-concept and knowledge of an article reading sequence for supporting learning activities related to a free online encyclopedia. The results of experiments conducted on Wikipedia show that the proposed mechanism can effectively recommend useful articles and improve a knowledge seeker’s learning effectiveness. 相似文献
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Analyzing the impact of knowledge management on CRM success: The mediating effects of organizational factors 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Aurora Garrido-MorenoAuthor Vitae Antonio Padilla-MeléndezAuthor Vitae 《International Journal of Information Management》2011,31(5):437-444
Customer relationship management (CRM) and knowledge management (KM) have become key strategic tool for all companies, especially in the current competitive environment. Moreover, customer knowledge is an important issue for CRM implementation. Reviewing the literature, we found many studies that analyze the crucial role played by KM initiatives as determinants of the success of CRM. Moreover, we found also diverse studies that show high rates of failure when implementing that strategy, so there is still no integrated conceptual framework to guide companies to their successful implementation. In this paper, with data of 153 Spanish hotels, we examine the relationships between KM and CRM success using a structural equation model. The main contribution is that having knowledge management capabilities is not sufficient for the success of CRM, but there are other factors to consider. In particular, organizational factors indeed impact CRM success and they appear to be intermediaries of the impact of other factors (KM capabilities/technological/customer orientation factors) in the success of CRM (in financial and marketing terms). 相似文献
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In the new economy, firms are willing to pay abundant premiums for the significant entrepreneurial capacities of management and staff in order to develop, build, protect, transfer and integrate knowledge. Although companies and scholars have indeed recognized the value of knowledge management, they have not generally included customer, supplier, and competitor knowledge, preferring to emphasize the process of knowledge acquisition and sharing that takes place within organizations. Thus, this study proposes a conceptual framework, and uses interpretative case studies, to explore how an enterprise obtains the three types of external knowledge. Moreover, through the following five primary activities – acquisition, selection, generation, internalization, and externalization – this study will illustrate how enterprises apply the internal knowledge chain to transform their customer, supplier, and competitor knowledge to enhance enterprise competitiveness. 相似文献
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Knowledge management (KM) impacts have typically been examined on the value of knowledge to organizations but not individuals. This paper uses survey data (186 employees) and qualitative data (300 + employees) at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to examine the effects of four KM mechanisms (social learning, learning from others through IT, learning from IT, and IT-based knowledge substitution) and common knowledge on the individual and organizational value of knowledge. The results indicate that common knowledge and the two interpersonal mechanisms (social learning, learning from others through IT) enhance the perceived value of knowledge at both levels, but both mechanisms that rely on IT for the knowledge (learning from IT, IT-based knowledge substitution) reduce the perceived knowledge value at one level and have no significant effect at the other level. Further, common knowledge strengthens the positive effects of both interpersonal mechanisms, and weakens the negative effects of IT-based knowledge substitution, on perceived value of knowledge at both levels. 相似文献
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复杂软件系统客户创意知识分析与获取研究 《科学学研究》2013,(5):693-0
复杂软件系统研发模糊前端的创意过程需要大量知识支持。其中客户拥有的知识,客户与软件研发团队交互过程中产生的知识,构成了客户创意知识,是复杂软件系统研发模糊前端创意知识的重要组成部分。为了获取客户创意知识,在系统地分析了它的内涵与类型后,采用情境交互理论构建了复杂软件系统客户创意知识获取的模型,探索了客户创意知识获取的步骤、方法、技术平台。研究发现,与传统知识获取相比,以情境交互为基础,融合信息技术、智能计算和社会网络技术的知识获取方法具有显著优势,为复杂软件系统研发模糊前端的客户创意知识获取提供了有力的支持。 相似文献
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This paper applies concepts drawn from KM to Art Education. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to study the knowledge types, knowledge sources, knowledge processes as well as factors affecting these processes in Art Education. The research was carried out using an interpretative case study methodology in Singapore. Apart from 26 one-to-one interviews conducted with various stakeholders of the Art Education community, on-site observations were made at 19 different Art Education events. Four major findings emerged. One, the knowledge types of Art Education in Singapore were a blend of different knowledge domains. Two, perceptible knowledge sources were those which conveyed an appearance of authority. Three, knowledge processes in Art Education were steeply humanistic. Finally, factors that affected knowledge processes were (i) the highly competitive Singapore education system, (ii) management support and policies, (iii) personal values and interests, (iv) workload and (v) the absorptive capacity of Art teachers. This paper concludes with a number of research and practical implications. 相似文献
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This paper explores the much ignored but critically important subject of the perceived relationship between information and communications technology (ICT), information management (IM) and knowledge management (KM). Defining the border between ICT, IM and KM, and especially the maturity remains a highly debatable topic. These issues could be concisely summarized as being diverse and problematic and located across the spectrum of views. Prior studies suggest that even though KM is strongly entrenched and rests on the foundation of ICT and IM, very little is reported in the literature on ICT and IM as enablers to KM. From a large urban South African University engaged in numerous collaboration programs with industry, the authors gained insight into growth of KM maturity in industry groupings over a 5-year period. The authors applied an inventory developed by Kruger and Snyman [Kruger, C. J., & Snyman, M. M. M. (2007). A guideline for assessing the knowledge management maturity of organizations. South African Journal of Information Management,9(3). Electronic Journal [Online]. Available www.sajim.co.za. Accessed 15 October 2007] to a set of 86 organizations distributed over nine economic sectors in South Africa. In total 434 employees were interviewed over three group levels (operational, middle and senior management). This was achieved by having 178 senior practitioners to each interview three subjects (one in each group level). 相似文献
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Context Open Source Software (OSS) development is a knowledge focused activity which relies heavily on contributors who can be volunteers or paid workers and are geographically distributed. While working on OSS projects contributors acquire project related individualistic knowledge and gain experience and skills, which often remains unshared with others and is usually lost once contributors leave a project. All software development organisations face the problem of knowledge loss as employees leave, but this situation is exasperated in OSS projects where most contributors are volunteers with largely unpredictable engagement durations. Contributor turnover is inevitable due to the transient nature of OSS project workforces causing knowledge loss, which threatens the overall sustainability of OSS projects and impacts negatively on software quality and contributor productivity.ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to deeply and systematically investigate the phenomenon of knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects as presented in the state-of-the-art literature and to synthesise the information presented on the topic. Furthermore, based on the learning arising from our investigation it is our intention to identify mechanisms to reduce the overall effects of knowledge loss in OSS projects.MethodologyWe use the snowballing methodology to identify the relevant literature on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects. This robust methodology for a literature review includes research question, search strategy, inclusion, exclusion, quality criteria, and data synthesis. The search strategy, and inclusion, exclusions and quality criteria are applied as a part of snowballing procedure.Snowballing is considered an efficient and reliable way to conduct a systematic literature review, providing a robust alternative to mechanically searching individual databases for given topics.ResultKnowledge sharing in OSS projects is abundant but there is no evidence of a formal strategy or practice to manage knowledge. Due to the dynamic and diverse nature of OSS projects, knowledge management is considered a challenging task and there is a need for a proactive mechanism to share knowledge in the OSS community for knowledge to be reused in the future by the OSS project contributors. From the collection of papers found using snowballing, we consolidated various themes on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects and identified 11 impacts due to knowledge loss in OSS projects, and 10 mitigations to manage with knowledge loss in OSS projects.ConclusionIn this paper, we propose future research directions to investigate integration of proactive knowledge retention practices with the existing OSS practices to reduce the current knowledge loss problem. We suggest that there is insufficient attention paid to KM in general in OSS, in particular there would appear to an absence of proactive measures to reduce the potential impact of knowledge loss. We also propose the need for a KM evaluation metric in OSS projects, similar to the ones that evaluate health of online communities, which should help to inform potential consumers of the OSS of the KM status on a project, something that is not existent today. 相似文献
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知识管理中的知识流动分析 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
知识流向、流速是知识管理中的瓶颈问题。文章在对知识管理中的知识分类和特征的分析基础上，对其不同的流动方式和特征进行了研究，并进而探讨了知识流动中存在的几个问题，希望能对知识管理的策略有一定的启发意义。 相似文献