共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
近来,技术呈现交叉、融合的发展趋势,技术会聚涌现,有望主导下一代技术创新。本文首先借助科学计量和共现网络分析对技术会聚研究趋势及热点进行总体概述;接着对文献回顾归纳分析,从技术会聚界定、测度、过程及会聚创新几个方面对技术会聚研究进行梳理并展望。研究发现:现阶段,技术会聚内涵已基本明晰,技术会聚测度研究最为广泛,但技术会聚其他方面的研究成果是初浅的、零散的、不成体系的;为促进技术会聚的发展及相关科技政策,迫切需要学者打开技术会聚"黑箱",开展技术会聚辨识、预测及技术会聚创新等重点选题的研究。 相似文献
2.
设计有效的激励契约以引导高管在资源约束条件下进行理性的技术创新战略选择是提高中小企业创新能力的关键途径。本文采用2007~2014年中国中小上市公司的平衡面板数据，运用均值T检验与多元回归分析等方法实证检验了高管股权激励对中小企业双元性创新战略选择的影响。结果表明：授予高管股权激励的中小企业，自主研发投入水平、突破性创新与渐进性创新水平等均明显高于其他中小企业；在技术创新路径方面，股权激励强度越大，中小企业越倾向于选择内部自主研发，而非外部技术引进；在技术创新模式方面，股权激励强度与突破性创新模式之间存在显著的倒U型关系，这是传统委托代理理论与行为代理模型共同作用的结果。研究结论为创新导向的公司治理制度设计提供了理论借鉴与实践参考。 相似文献
3.
《Research Policy》2023,52(8):104824
This article analyzes the impact of loans secured by patents (LSPs) on the intellectual property and innovation strategy of technological firms that benefit from them. The literature mostly emphasizes that LSPs, by reducing the risk taken by lenders in case of borrowers' default, facilitate the financing of technological firms. However, it remains silent on the impact of LSPs on the behavior and strategy of borrowers. With regard to this second point, our research suggests that LSPs are not neutral. In particular, we provide evidence that LSPs might induce technological firms to deviate from innovative activities toward more short-term strategies based on the monetization and litigation of their patents. We also show that financing groups might attempt to encourage this strategic change. Our research is based, first, on empirical insights provided by a qualitative analysis of publicly known LSPs offered by an international investment group and their consequences for four borrowers. Second, we propose a theoretical model that formally explores how LSPs might impact borrowers' strategies. Even though the welfare implications of these findings are difficult to evaluate, this research has likely important economic and managerial implications with regard to intellectual property management, the financing of innovation and the organization of the innovation process. 相似文献
4.
Technology-gaps, innovation-diffusion and transformation: an evolutionary interpretation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper discusses and outlines a perspective on economic growth based on evolutionary theorizing. Consistent with this perspective, capitalist development is shown to be a process of alternating periods of convergence and divergence, with some signs of a shift towards divergence recently. We also show that the importance of innovation for economic growth has increased lately, while at the same time imitation, (or diffusion) has become more demanding. The manufacturing sector which used to be very important for growth has lost much of its dynamism. We relate these findings to the big technological shifts that have occurred during the last decades. 相似文献
5.
Rögnvaldur J. Saemundsson Magnus Holmén 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2011,22(2):102-113
The paper investigates how technological change in an industry influence which individuals will identify and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities. We propose that the introduction of new development tools will change knowledge-barriers to entry because they enable the abstraction of specialized knowledge that was previously needed for development. Empirically we test the argument using data from the web design industry in a Nordic country during the period 1992–2003. We compare the education and experience of founders before and after the introduction of web administration tools in 1998 and find a significant difference, which supports the main thesis of our argument. 相似文献
6.
Francesco Bogliacino 《Research Policy》2010,39(6):799-809
The relationship between innovation and employment is addressed in this article through a model and empirical test at industry level for eight European countries in 1994-2004. We investigate this relationship for manufacturing and services and propose a Revised Pavitt taxonomy (covering both of them) in order to identify specific patterns of technological change and job creation and loss. The contrasting effects of strategies of technological or cost competitiveness are investigated using innovation variables from CIS2 and CIS3. Together with demand, wages and industry dynamics, they account for changes in employees and hours worked. The diversity in these relations across industries is also explored; when the model is applied to each Revised Pavitt class, different mechanisms of technological change and effects on jobs emerge. 相似文献
7.
According to the life cycle model of technological evolution, after the emergence of a dominant design, technological product industries undergo an “era of incremental change.” This era of incremental change is not well understood in the existing literature. Although the period is typically characterized in terms of stability and minimal innovation, we find that the era of incremental change can be actually quite dynamic. Through our research into the period of time following the emergence of a dominant design in automotive emission control systems, we find that the overall product innovation in the industry did not decline immediately following the dominant design, and increased throughout the era of incremental change. Further, we find that firms maintain their attention on the same core components that they innovated upon before the dominant design, but that these components make up less of the overall proportion of total innovation throughout the era of incremental change. Finally, we found that the concentration of innovating firms in the industry increases immediately following the dominant design, and this concentration decreases over time throughout the era of incremental change. Findings imply a pattern of contraction and expansion in the era of incremental change that extends previous work on the technological product life cycles and helps to characterize the era of incremental change in a novel way. 相似文献
8.
The power of integrality: Linkages between product architecture, innovation, and industry structure 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
A substantial literature stream suggests that many products are becoming more modular over time, and that this development is often associated with a change in industry structure towards higher degrees of specialization. These developments can have strong implications for an industry's competition as the history of the PC industry illustrates. To add to our understanding of the linkages between product architecture, innovation, and industry structure we develop detailed product architecture measurements based on a previously proposed method [Fixson, S.K., 2005. Product architecture assessment: a tool to link product, process, and supply chain design decisions. Journal of Operations Management 23 (3/4), 345-369] and study an unusual case in which a firm - through decreasing its product modularity - turned its formerly competitive industry into a near-monopoly. Using this case study we explore how existing theories on modularity explain the observed phenomenon, and show that most consider technological change in rather long-term dimensions, and tend to focus on efficiency-related arguments to explain the resulting forces on competition. We add three critical aspects to the theory that connects technological change and industry dynamics. First, we suggest integrating as a new design operator to explain product architecture genesis. Second, we argue that a finer-grained analysis of the product architecture shows the existence of multiple linkages between product architecture and industry structure, and that these different linkages help explain the observed intra-industry heterogeneity across firms. Third, we propose that the firm boundary choice can also be a pre-condition of the origin of architectural innovation, not only an outcome of efficiency considerations. 相似文献
9.
基于演化博弈的企业技术创新行为分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
运用演化博弈理论建立了企业技术创新行为的演化博弈模型,分析了企业进行技术创新行为选择的演化机制并揭示了其动态演化路径。指出企业技术创新行为选择与初始状态和演化路径有关,为企业进行技术创新行为选择和政府制定创新政策提供了理论依据。 相似文献
10.
《Research Policy》2022,51(1):104397
This essay is an interpretative survey that explores the post-socialist transformation in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union (EE&fSU) from a neo-Schumpeterian perspective. It argues that we cannot understand the challenges of technological upgrading of the post-socialist region if we only adopt the lens of what can be termed transition economics. Instead, the post-socialist transformation is an open-ended process whose outcomes can be better understood as a disequilibriating evolutionary process involving the misalignment of different levels and parts of innovation systems. We develop a multi-level analytical framework and outline several major transformation processes involving dynamic interactive capabilities as the core precondition for technology catching up. Technology accumulation and innovation systems are hybrid systems whose dynamism rests on various governing principles. The swing from one pure mode of coordination (plan) to other (market) explains limited technological upgrading in both periods. Dynamic innovation systems are quintessentially hybrid systems. Crucial to this is an understanding of the role which the state plays, both as a contributor and as an obstacle to the transformation towards sustainable economic growth. 相似文献
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12.
Why space matters in technological innovation systems—Mapping global knowledge dynamics of membrane bioreactor technology 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Studies on technological innovation systems (TISs) often set spatial boundaries at the national level and treat supranational levels as a geographically undifferentiated and freely accessible global technological opportunity set. This article criticizes this conceptualization and proposes instead to analyze relevant actors, networks and processes in TIS from a relational perspective on space. It develops an analytical framework which allows investigating innovation processes (or ‘functions’) of a TIS at and across different spatial scales. Based on social network analysis of a co-publication dataset from membrane bioreactor technology, we illustrate how the spatial characteristics of collaborations in knowledge creation vary greatly over relatively short periods of time. This finding suggests that TIS studies should be more reflexive on system boundary setting both regarding the identification and analysis of core processes as well as in the formulation of policy advice. 相似文献
13.
技术创新是企业发展的核心动力。但是，技术创新是否会提升公司绩效？目前理论界存在着相悖的观点。基于组织学习顺序视角，采用纵向对比案例研究的方法，分析技术创新过程中不同的组织学习顺序对企业绩效提升的路径。研究结果表明：不同成长阶段的不同组织学习方式均能够促进技术创新对公司绩效的提升作用；但四种组织学习方式在技术创新的过程中扮演着不同的角色，从而对企业绩效产生不同的影响。处于探索阶段和成长阶段的企业，“播种型”的学习顺序可能更具优势；而在快速发展阶段，企业采用“咨询型”和“增强型”的组织学习在技术创新过程对提高公司绩效方面没有太大差异。因此，在企业的发展过程中，应根据处于不同的发展阶段选取不同的组织学习顺序与技术创新相匹配，才能提高企业的绩效。最终，在此基础上建立了技术创新、组织学习顺序对公司绩效影响的理论框架模型。研究结论对丰富组织学习的相关理论以及指导企业科学进行技术创新，从而提高企业绩效具有指导意义。 相似文献
14.
Most firms use secrecy to protect their knowledge from potential imitators. However, the theoretical foundations for secrecy have not been well explored. We extend knowledge protection literature and propose theoretical mechanisms explaining how information visibility influences the importance of secrecy as a knowledge protection instrument. Building on mechanisms from information economics and signaling theory, we postulate that secrecy is more important for protecting knowledge for firms that have legal requirements to reveal information to shareholders. Furthermore, we argue that this effect is contingent on the location in a technological cluster, on a firm’s investment in fixed assets and on a firm’s past innovation performance. We test our hypotheses using a representative sample of 683 firms in Germany between 2005 and 2013. Our results support the moderation effect of a technological cluster and a firm’s investment in fixed assets. Our findings inform both academics and managers on how firms balance information disclosure requirements with the use of secrecy as a knowledge protection instrument. 相似文献
15.
中心城市科技创新对城市群产业结构的影响 《科学学研究》2021,39(11):1980-1991
研究基于演化经济地理学,由微观企业、中观产业、宏观区域三个维度对中心城市科技创新与城市群产业结构及分工布局的关系展开理论机制分析。在此基础上,研究通过非线性固定效应模型考察中心城市科技创新与城市群产业结构高度化的U型关系,进一步创新性的使用历史维度工具变量（中国历史官员量化数据、中国古代城市城墙数据）对中心城市科技创新展开内生性检验识别,再运用门槛效应、中介效应模型对中心城市科技创新的结构变化点、产业分工布局影响机制进行探寻。研究发现：第一,中心城市科技创新对城市群产业结构高度化呈现U型作用,当中心城市科技创新发明专利申请数量超过13586项,会对城市群产业结构优化升级起到正向推动作用。第二,中心城市科技创新对城市群产业分工布局的专业化、相关多样化起到促进作用,对产业的无关多样化起到抑制作用,中心城市科技创新以科技创新资本、劳动力资源为主要路径对产业分工布局形成推动作用。 相似文献
16.
本文利用等效益面方法和微观企业数据研究企业的效率问题，推导企业的技术进步贡献率，并选取了纺织业和电子设备制造业为例进行实证研究。结果表明两个行业的企业纯技术效率不高，有相当比例企业的规模效率递减，进而制约企业的综合效率提升。纺织业的技术进步贡献率在行业规模缩减期，在40%的水平上有所上升，在规模扩张期则有所下降；电子设备制造业的技术进步贡献率经历一段30%水平的稳定期后，随着研发投入的增加快速提升；产业集聚未能有效提升企业的技术进步贡献水平，核心因素仍是研发投入。 相似文献
17.
企业(或组织)之间的关系以及其在地理上的集聚程度如何影响企业的管理创新日益受到学者的关注,本文研究了企业网络成员的互惠程度对其管理创新的影响,同时分析学习能力的中介作用以及网络成员集聚程度、研发投入和企业规模的控制作用,并基于458份申报广东省高新技术企业或民营科技型企业的样本数据,运用结构方程模型方法对网络互惠程度、学习能力和企业管理创新三者之间关系的理论模型进行了实证研究。实证分析表明:学习能力以完全中介作用影响网络互惠程度与企业管理创新的关系;并在低集聚企业网络中起到更强的中介作用;同时,网络互惠程度、学习能力和企业管理创新三者之间的关系也受制于企业规模大小和研发投入高低的影响。研究结论进一步拓展和深化了产业集群和网络理论中关于外部组织是否及如何影响企业管理创新的机制的理解和认识。 相似文献
18.
农业科技创新能力是实现农业产业技术跨越式发展,构建农业核心竞争能力的关键。本研究利用我国30个省(市、区)2008-2017年间农业科技创新的面板数据,基于改进的突变级数法的静态评价方法和基于信息集结角度的多时间段跨省区变化速度的多维动态综合评价模型分析,对我国农业科技创新能力进行研究。结果表明：农业科技创新能力较高的东部多数地区,其整体变化趋势有下降趋势;农业科技创新能力较低的西部地区,使其变化速度有明显上升趋势,且高于东部地区;江苏、安徽、陕西等省份的农业科技创新能力及变化速度均高于其他地区。 相似文献
19.
《Research Policy》2023,52(4):104724
Despite the importance of process innovation in fostering supply chain competitiveness, existing studies primarily emphasize product innovation and overlook institutional environments. This study builds on the dyadic capability-based view and institutional theory to investigate how buyer's and supplier's technological capabilities jointly affect supply chain process innovation in China. We differentiate between two distinct dimensions, technological capability strength and technological capability asymmetry, and propose that technological capability strength negatively influences supply chain process innovation whereas technological capability asymmetry promotes such innovation. We also examine how formal (i.e., government intervention) and informal (i.e., guanxi importance) institutional factors moderate the effects of technological capability strength and asymmetry on supply chain process innovation. Empirical analyses based on 157 buyer–supplier dyads in China offer strong support for our hypotheses, which provide important implications for the supply chain innovation collaboration literature and managerial practice. 相似文献
20.
基于2000-2019年江西省相关时间序列数据,运用VAR模型分析农业科技创新、技术效率与农业经济发展之间的动态关系。研究结果表明：农业科技创新对农业经济发展的相互效果是正向的,而技术进步对农业经济发展的相互作用结果复杂,在不同时期的作用和方向不一致。相对于技术进步,农业科技创新对农业经济发展的贡献率较大。农业科技创新、农业技术效率与农业经济增长之间存在长期稳定均衡的关系,但农业科技创新投入对农业经济增长的短期影响更为显著。因此,要发挥农业科技创新与技术效率之间的相互促进作用,以科技创新促进农业经济发展,推动农业可持续发展。 相似文献