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作为连接全球经济的纽带和新秩序博弈的焦点,跨境数据流动在极大提升跨国协作效率的同时,也面临着数据主权、国家安全、利益冲突、隐私保护、数据监管等问题。文章首先从数据要素的经济影响出发,梳理跨境数据流动对经济全球化的作用;进而,分析全球范围内跨境数据流动的制约因素,总结我国数据生产总值的优势和不足;最后,结合我国数字经济发展实践,提出有为政府与有效市场更好结合、推动数字隐私技术研发应用、发挥自贸区和自港区先行先试作用、实行分类分级的差别化监管政策、发起多边协定为国际数据治理提出中国方案、坚持系统思维引领数字经济全球化的政策建议,以期推动跨境数据安全有序流动,使我国更好地把握数字经济全球化的战略机遇。 相似文献
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渤海是我国唯一内海，是新时代国土空间绿色与高质量发展的有机整体。渤海综合整治收效明显但是问题犹存，生物生态退化趋势尚未得到根本遏制。因此，需要以习近平生态文明思想和海洋命运共同体理念为指导，以《“联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年（2021—2030年）”实施计划》为重要契机，制定我国“渤海绿色高质发展十年行动计划”，明确“洁净渤海”“生态渤海”“低碳渤海”和“高质渤海”建设任务，启动科技、生态、产业与管理等渤海重大专项，树立全球海洋可持续发展的中国样板。 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2019,6(2):369
It has been more than 10 years since Satoshi Nakamoto published his famous paper entitled ‘Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system’, which set the foundation of blockchain technology. Accompanied by the price volatility of bitcoins from 2017 to 2018, blockchain has been a hot word on the internet, and particularly hot in China. Blockchain offers a distributed and secure system for data storage and value transactions. Its applications are springing up in multiple fields.The Chinese government is considering these trends with great caution. Initial coin offering has been banned in China since September 2017. By contrast, an official white paper on China''s blockchain technology, which was released in May 2018, said that blockchain technology will be widely applied in the real economy of China within 3 years. In a recent panel discussion held by National Science Review, experts talked about related topics. Their opinions may provide a quick view of the future development of blockchain in China and abroad. Jing Chen Assistant Professor of Computer Science Department, Stony Brook University and Chief Scientist at Algorand LLC, USA Xiaotie Deng Professor of School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science, Peking University, China Guohua Gan Vice President of Beijing Tai Cloud Technology Corp., China Xiaoyun Wang Professor of Institute of Advanced Study, Tsinghua University, China Zhiming Zheng Professor of School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Beihang University, China Lei Guo (Chair) Professor of Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(9):1513
AbstractMathematics is the foundation of science and rational thinking. Math education for the younger generation is the fundamental project to upgrade the mathematical literacy and the creativity of the whole society. China''s education system has long been different from that of Western countries. China has fostered many gold medal winners of the International Mathematics Olympiad, but is also criticized as lacking creativity. In this NSR forum on math education in China, educators of high schools and universities as well as researchers of different scientific fields gather to talk about the current predicaments and future developments of China''s math education. Zenghu Li Mathematician; Professor of the School of Mathematical Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China Chao Tang Quantitative biologist; Director of the Center for Quantitative Biology, Peking University, Beijing, China Zhihong Xia Mathematician; Professor of Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, USA and the Founding Chair of the Department of Mathematics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China Jinlong Yang Computational chemist; Professor of the School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China Huawei Zhu Headmaster of Shenzhen Middle School, Shenzhen, China; Former leader and head coach of the national team of China for the International Mathematics Olympiad, China Gang Tian (Chair) Mathematician; Professor of the School of Mathematical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China 相似文献
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Professor Henry Tye (戴自海) is a world-renowned expert in theoretical particle physics, string theory and cosmology. He was recently the IAS Professor at the Jockey Club Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) and the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), and is the Horace White Professor of Physics (Emeritus) at Cornell University. He has a lot of experience in research status in both China and the United States. Recently, NSR invited Professor Yi-Fu Cai (蔡一夫) from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) to interview Prof. Tye on his personal views on the future of theoretical physics, his own experience, and his advice to young researchers. 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(5):938
In the summer of 2003, a heat wave swept Europe and caused more than 70 000 additional fatalities [J.-M. Robine et al., C. R. Biologies331 (2008)]. Global warming and climate change is no longer a prophecy to be fulfilled, as strong heat waves and typhoons, as well as severe rainfalls, are becoming more severe. Extreme weather and climate events in the world, especially over Europe and North America, are widely studied and frequently reported in the media. These events may be related to the ongoing climate change. In this NSR forum, active researchers specialized in this field gather to discuss the climate and weather changes in China. They present the current changes, identify knowledge gaps, discuss the research difficulties, and propose ways forward to better serve the society with climate science. Ying Sun Professor at the National Climate Center of the China Meteorological Administration, China Qiuhong Tang Professor at the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Zhongwei Yan Professor at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Jing Yang Professor at the Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, faculty of Geographic Science of Beijing Normal University, China Panmao Zhai Professor at the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences of the China Meteorological Administration, and the current Co-Chair of the IPCC Working Group I, China Tianjun Zhou Professor at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Deliang Chen (Chair) Professor at the University of Gothenburg, NSR Editorial Board member, Sweden 相似文献
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Chao Gu 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(10)
Throughout history, gender inequality has persisted in most parts of the world. Since the founding of the People''s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, substantial progress has been made towards gender equality in China. Today, a large number of Chinese women scientists are making significant contributions to advance science. However, are they facing gender discrimination in hiring and promotion? Do they have access to the same opportunities as their male colleagues? What are the potential approaches to further promote gender equality in China''s scientific community given myriad unfavorable social factors? Recently, NSR invited five Chinese female scientists and two gender experts to discuss these issues. Here are their observations and suggestions. Bing LiuProfessor at the Department of the History of Science, Tsinghua University Jun LuSenior Engineer at Beijing Institute of Tracking and Telecommunications Technology, and Deputy Chief Designer of BeiDou Grounded Test and Validation System Chih-chen WangProfessor at the Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Hongyang WangPresident of the China Women''s Association for Science and Technology (CWAST), Director of the National Center for Science in Liver Cancer Xiaoyun WangC. N. Yang Professor at the Institute for Advanced Study, Tsinghua University Yan ZhengChair Professor at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology Wenpei Tang (Chair)Professor at the School of Health Humanities, Peking University 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(3)
The COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than 1 000 000 people within nine months in 2020. The world is changed as the cities were locked down, the traffic reduced, and people forced to work from home and keep social distance. These controlling measures also resulted in drastic reduction of the emission of many air pollutants, providing researchers an unprecedented large-scale natural experiment in examining how the air quality would respond to a strong forcing. In this panel discussion held on 22 September 2020, five experts gathered to discuss their observations and analyses, as well as the current understanding and misconception about airborne transmission.This Forum article is dedicated to Prof. Martin Williams of the Imperial College London, who intended to join the panel discussion but passed away one day before it. Guy Brasseur Professor of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Germany Junji Cao Professor of Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Aijun Ding Dean and Professor of School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, China Lidia Morawska Professor of Queensland University of Technology, Australia Tong Zhu (Chair) Dean and Professor of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China 相似文献
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Professor John Hopcroft at Cornell University is a Turing Prize winner (1986) and an educator with more than 55 years of teaching experience. For the past 10 years, Hopcroft has been coming to China to give courses to undergraduate students at Shanghai Jiaotong University (SJTU) and has helped SJTU to improve the quality of computer-science education. He also chairs the Center on Frontiers of Computing Studies at Peking University (PKU), the Turing Class at PKU and the Hopcroft Center at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) in Wuhan, and is engaged in many other projects aiming to upgrade China''s computer-science undergraduate education. Recently, NSR talked with Professor Hopcroft to learn his views on education in China. 相似文献
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The University of Surrey (referred to as Surrey hereafter) is one of the renowned universities in the UK that was established on 9 September 1966 with the grant of its Royal Charter and its roots go back to Battersea Polytechnic Institute, founded in 1891. Surrey is the research hub of small satellites, mobile telecommunication and artificial intelligence in Europe. In 2016, Surrey was named as ‘University of the Year’ in the UK and, in February 2018, Surrey won the Queen''s Anniversary Prize for Higher and Further Education (Surrey''s fourth award)—the highest national award for the UK universities, in recognition of the outstanding contribution of Surrey to nutrition and health.The president and vice chancellor of Surrey, Professor Max Lu, took this position in 2016 and is also the first scholar of Chinese origin to be the leader of a British university. Before he joined Surrey, he was the provost and senior vice president at the University of Queensland in Australia. Professor Lu is not only a talented leader in education field, but also a distinguished scientist in materials chemistry and nanotechnology area. He has been honored with numerous awards, including the Orica Award, RK Murphy Medal, China International Science and Technology Award and Medal of the Order of Australia, etc. He has been also appointed to the Prime Minister''s Council for Science and Technology and the Board of UK Research and Innovation, etc. The rich experience and open-mindedness lead to his profound insights into higher education around the world. Lately elected as a fellow of Royal Academy of Engineering (RAEng) and foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Professor Lu shared his broad and deep perspectives on higher education with National Science Review during his travel in Beijing. 相似文献
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从"政产学研"深度融合的视角,以华中科技大学无锡研究院为例,探索院校与政府共建型新型研发机构的建设发展模式——"技术立院",即通过弥补高校技术成果到产业化之间的断层,实现科研成果到产业支撑引领的转变,从而为其他新型研发机构的建设发展提供借鉴。 相似文献
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基于知识生产理论,采用DEA-Tobit两步法对2012—2016年上海17家高校的科研创新效率进行了分析,发现处于科研创新效率最优状态的高校数量较少。除上海大学之外,上海市属高校科研要素投入不足限制了其科研创新效率的进一步提升,亦导致了市属高校与教育部直属高校的技术效率存在显著差距。其次,影响因素Tobit模型回归表明,当前上海高校总体处于人力资本"稀缺"、物资资本"丰裕"的发展阶段,未来上海高校科研创新效率提升需要将视角转向依靠人力资本积累上来;同时,物质资本对科研创新效率的倒"U"型影响已经显现,资本拥挤问题亟待引起重视。 相似文献
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分析中国低碳研究领域的研究热点、代表学者、主要研究机构、重要载文期刊等,对清楚认识和把握中国低碳研究的现状具有一定的意义。基于知识图谱理论,本文采用Citespace软件,对CNKI中2003年-2011年间的低碳研究的相关文献进行分析,绘制中国低碳研究的关键词、作者、机构、期刊等知识图谱。分析结果显示,目前我国低碳研究主要围绕低碳经济、低碳城市、低碳技术、低碳社会、低碳农业、低碳旅游、低碳消费展开;陈晓春、庄贵阳、杨志、诸大建等为我国低碳研究领域的重要学者,并且我国低碳研究领域的学者基本处于独自研究的状态;中国社会科学院、清华大学、四川大学、湖南大学、中国人民大学等为主要的研究机构;《环境保护》、《生态经济》、《中国人口·资源与环境》等为高载文期刊。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2004,18(4):198-198
With support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China and U.S. National Science Foundation, a Sino-US research team headed by Prof. Sun Hang from the CAS Kunming Institute of Botany (KIB)and Dr. David E. Boufford from Harvard University has recently completed a two-month botanical field trip to the Hengduan Mountain Range in south China. 相似文献
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The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is located in Hefei, the capital of Anhui province, and has its own characteristics among the universities in China. Established by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), USTC is distinctively tinted with a scientific color. It is also famous for its ‘Special Class for the Gifted Young’ and is considered one of the best Chinese universities in the fields of science and technology (S&T). Recently, National Science Review interviewed Professor Xinhe Bao, the President of USTC, about the characteristics of the university and the education and research in China. Xinhe Bao is an academician of CAS and has made seminal contributions in catalysis and energy chemistry in the past decades. Before joining USTC, he had worked at Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP), CAS and Fudan University (Shanghai), and thus possesses an in-depth understanding of the education and research in China. 相似文献
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Hepeng Jia 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2020,7(11):1787
With the fast development of cutting-edge technologies and their greater integration into human life, more ethical challenges emerge. The problem became more salient when the world''s first genetically edited babies were born in China in violation of existing ethical rules. Although the responsible researcher He Jiankui was sentenced for imprisonment for three years last December, it is still necessary to examine the current status of research ethics and the challenges in China. Has China set up a sophisticated research ethics system? For research ethics and their implementation in China, are there unique national characteristics? Can the dominant ethics principles primarily developed from life science research be equally adopted in the emerging artificial intelligence research and development? At an online forum organized by National Science Review (NSR) and through subsequent correspondences among forum participants, NSR Executive Editor-in-Chief Mu-ming Poo and guest moderator Hepeng Jia asked three scientists and three bioethicists or philosophers of science and technology in the field to examine the dynamic development of research ethics in China. Weiwen DuanPhilosopher of Science and Technology at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China Junjiu HuangLife scientist focused on genetics at Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China Renzong QiuBioethicist at Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China Qiang SunLife scientist and the principal investigator (PI) of clone monkey program at Shanghai Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Yi ZengArtificial intelligence scientist at Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Xiaomei ZhaiBioethicist at Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China Mu-ming Poo (Chair)Neurobiologist at Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China Hepeng Jia (Co-chair)Professor of Science Communication at Soochow University, Suzhou, China 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(12)
A synchrotron light source is familiar to many researchers. Biologists use it to determine structures of proteins and other biomacromolecules; material scientists use it to analyze internal structures of different materials; physicists use it to explore the basic matter states; and physicians use it to perform medical imaging. A high-performance synchrotron light source is often the workhorse supporting a prosperous multi-disciplinary research center. In China, that is the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF).Since its opening to users in 2009, SSRF has bred many significant scientific achievements and laid the foundation for the Shanghai Zhangjiang Cluster of Big Science Facilities. On 3 August 2021, National Science Review (NSR) interviewed Professor Zhentang Zhao, Director of the SSRF Science Center and vice president of the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Prof. Zhao introduced the construction and development of the synchrotron light source and X-ray free electron laser facilities in Shanghai, as well as how SSRF experiences may be valuable for big science facilities and centers now under construction in China. 相似文献
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我国卓越的人民科学家钱学森,是中国科学学的首倡者和主要奠基人,他的科学学思想是其整个科学思想财富的一部分。2011年是钱学森诞辰100周年,深入研究钱学森的科学学思想,对于中国科学学事业发展具有重大意义。钱学森的科学学思想源于他的技术科学理论与实践,正是他把握住技术科学的中介学科地位,演绎成现代科学技术体系,从而阐发了科学学产生的必然性。从率先在中国倡议“科学的科学”研究,到首先发表完整的科学学论文,表明钱学森是中国倡导和创建科学学的第一人。科学学属于社会科学,是科研系统工程的理论基础,在社会科学体系中居于技术科学中介层次,它以全部人类科学知识为研究对象,包含科学技术体系学、科学能力学和政治科学学三个分支学科,坚持马克思主义的指导作用,构成钱学森科学学思想的基本内容、知识体系和鲜明特征。 相似文献