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1.
在"大众创业,万众创新"的背景下,高技术企业作为创业活动的主力军,是衡量我国创业活动水平的重要标准。文章从"人力资本"、"知识资本"和"网络资源"三个视角梳理了高技术企业公司创业的相关研究,指出了高技术企业公司创业活动的内涵,在此基础上,构建了中国情境的高技术企业公司创业研究框架,发现在制度体系、组织学习和关系网络的共同作用下,创业学习、创业能力、创业机会和创业资源共同影响着我国高技术企业公司创业的成败,并提出了提高我国高技术企业公司创业活动的政策建议。 相似文献
2.
企业创新团队理论研究综述 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
在对企业创新团队的国内外相关文献进行梳理和整合的基础上,立足于企业创新团队理论研究视角,阐述企业创新团队理论的起源、发展和相关研究.评述其理论研究的现状,并讨论扩展研究的方向. 相似文献
3.
创业团队先前经验、承诺与新技术企业初期绩效——一个交互效应模型及其启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以2006年天津市"科技型中小企业创新基金"项目申请企业为样本,从初始创业团队的视角出发,考察了先前经验与新技术企业初期绩效之间的关系,并探讨了创业团队承诺对该关系的影响.研究结果显示,创业团队的先前工作经验与创业经历越多,新企业的初期绩效越好,而创业团队的承诺水平调节着上述关系.相对于承诺较低的创业团队,具有较高承诺的团队更可能发掘先前经验中所蕴含的隐性知识和资源,将经验所带来的优势放大,更好地提升其初期绩效. 相似文献
4.
企业孵化网络能更加有效地推动创新成果的转化,从而促进被孵企业的创新,逐渐受到创业实践者和理论家的重视,并出现了不同分支的理论解释,但对孵化网络提升企业创新的作用机理研究还处于争论阶段.本文从孵化网络的概念出发,对孵化网络特征进行了剖析,从创业者认知论、孵化器定位论、战略适应论的微观视角以及群体生态论、网络资源论、网络结构论的宏观视角对国内外关于企业孵化网络运行机理的研究成果进行了梳理和提炼,并就相关的研究进行了评述,提出了对下一步研究的启示,对未来需要突破的领域进行了展望. 相似文献
5.
从网络结构的视角分析了企业家把握市场机会的机理.在分析强弱联系的不同作用及互动关系的基础上,提出了企业家网络运用理论,企业家通过调整联系性质或强联系类型,对其核心交往层进行局部结构性调整,从而整合网络资源,把握住市场机会.最后,通过某公司老总整合网络资源实施"品牌战略"的案例实证了以上机理. 相似文献
6.
基于企业网络和知识资源的理论,以创业企业为研究对象,对长三角267个创业企业进行实证研究,深入探讨网络嵌入、知识整合与创新绩效的相互影响,认为创业企业的网络嵌入性有利于知识整合与创新绩效的提升,同时,知识管理的创新也将极大地优化企业的创新策略。 相似文献
7.
网络嵌入视角下创业者外部社会资本对创业机会识别的影响研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《科学学与科学技术管理》2017,(12)
为什么是某些人发现和识别创业机会?针对这一问题,从网络嵌入的视角考察了创业者外部社会资本构成对创业机会识别的影响,并引入创业者机会感知能力与知识整合能力的调节作用。结果发现:(1)创业者外部社会资本的网络规模、网络资源对创业机会识别有正向影响,网络强度对创业机会识别的影响不显著;(2)创业者机会感知能力正向调节网络强度对创业机会识别的影响,但对网络规模、网络资源与创业机会识别的调节作用则不显著;创业者知识整合能力正向调节网络规模、网络资源对创业机会识别的影响,但对网络强度与创业机会识别的调节作用则不显著。 相似文献
8.
基于网络嵌入的视角,本文探索大学知识溢出驱动的技术创业过程中,企业通过对学术与产业网络嵌入来构建创业能力,获得成长动力的机制,并运用结构方程模型进行了实证检验。结果表明,创新探索能力和资源开发能力所组成的双元创业能力是创业企业有效利用网络资源并转化为成长绩效的内部关键因素。进一步研究发现,企业在向学术与产业网络的关系嵌入与结构嵌入中,创新探索能力得到了更显著的提高,对企业成长绩效的促进效应也更积极。并且,创生属性的特殊性导致大学衍生企业(USO)与产业衍生企业(CSO)的双元创业能力构建模式呈现出明显差异。 相似文献
9.
孵化器的经济效益和社会效益得到社会的广泛认可,也引起了很多学者的关注,其中如何提高孵化绩效是诸多研究的焦点.不同以往研究,这篇文章从在孵企业的视角出发,以“机会导向”和“资源导向”两种战略观为依据对在孵企业创业动机进行划分,集中研究了孵化器掌握的网络资源对不同创业导向在孵企业绩效的影响差异性.文章以大连国家级高新技术产业孵化器园区355家在孵企业为实证研究样本,验证了网络资源与孵化绩效的关系及不同创业导向发挥的中介作用,并最终得到了不同网络资源条件下两种企业创业导向的绩效差异模型,该模型对分析创新环境与创业导向的匹配性和指导在孵企业创业实践方面具有理论和现实价值. 相似文献
10.
社会资本理论下的网络信息运动模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文归纳现有的理论与文献,基于社会资本的理论视角,同时整合网络理论的基本思想,旨在通过资本理论的网络关系、网络结构及网络资源分析信息在个体、组织中互动的运动体现,探讨网络信息运动模式。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献