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并购不仅为股东带来财富效应，还使企业产品市场获得延伸，并为新产品开发获取创新技术与资源，最终导致产品差异化，而差异化是企业竞争优势的主要来源。本文以2010—2015年信息技术企业的并购事件为实验样本组，利用倾向得分匹配法构造与实验组特征相同的控制组，基于产品市场和资本市场双视角，运用双重差分法实证检验创新驱动下信息技术企业的并购效应及影响因素。研究发现：对于电子信息制造业，并购提升了产品差异化水平；对于软件信息服务行业，并购降低了产品差异化水平；行业竞争和内部研发强度能够增强信息技术企业并购的产品差异化效应；投资者对信息技术企业并购决策的短期市场反应为负，主并公司的投资机会正向调节并购的股市绩效；不同特征的收购目标会带来不同的并购效应，并购双方技术互补性正向调节并购的产品差异化效应和股市绩效，而目标公司成熟度负向调节并购的产品差异化效应，正向调节并购的股市绩效。 相似文献
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选取2007—2019年沪深A股上市公司作为研究样本，从“税收—会计”（以下简称“税会”）差异视角分析研发费用加计扣除政策的公司价值效应；同时，立足于研发费用加计扣除政策特性，探究无形资产摊销率对公司价值的影响。研究结果表明，研发费用加计扣除政策对公司价值存在显著正向作用，缩小约束性税会差异和扩大激励性税会差异有助于深化政策的正向作用；从异质性来看，研发支出费用化公司更易受到加计扣除政策与税会差异的叠加影响，垄断竞争行业公司更易受到加计扣除政策与激励性税会差异的正向叠加影响；提高无形资产摊销率有助于公司价值提升，但其对公司价值的影响程度小于加计扣除强度，且较难受制于税会差异。为此，公司需基于研发支出是否费用化和是否处于垄断竞争行业这一特性实施差异化内部税会管理措施。 相似文献
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研发投资是企业发展竞争优势的关键因素。本文基于资源观,运用233家上市公司2007年-2011年为样本的面板数据,研究可吸收冗余、政治关系强度对企业研发投资强度的直接影响及交互效应。通过F检验表明该回归模型为个体固定效应在此基础上,运用固定效应回归模型,实证研究得出已吸收冗余与企业研发投资强度呈倒U型关系,政治关系强度对企业研发投资强度有正向促进作用,且企业政治关系强度进一步增强已吸收冗余与研发投资强度的倒U型关系。本研究拓展了研发投资的理论研究,同时对于中国企业技术创新投资有实践指导价值。 相似文献
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本文探讨企业的研发投资对企业超额收益的影响。分析在不同的情境下，研发投入所引起的市场对公司估值的变化。基于2008年-2016年上市公司的研发数据和股票价格，探究在中国市场中研发投资与超额收益的关系。结果显示：企业的研发投入对企业超额收益率具有显著的正向影响；行业竞争程度可以正向调节研发投入与超额收益率的关系；在分工程度高的企业中，研发投入与超额收益率的关系更加突显，但是只有在分工程度高的企业中，行业竞争才能发挥对二者的调节作用。这表明，研发可以促进企业的发展，同时在竞争的压力下寻求分工合作，对企业的成长至关重要。 相似文献
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基于组织搜索、动态竞争和管理认知等相关理论,考察了平行搜索对集群新创企业产品创新绩效的影响,并检验了管理者解释与竞争强度在其中的调节作用.基于215个企业样本数据的实证发现： 领先搜索与跟随搜索对产品创新绩效均有正向影响;管理者对外部环境的机会解释正向调节领先搜索与产品创新绩效的关系,威胁解释增强跟随搜索与产品创新绩效的关系;竞争强度负向调节领先搜索与产品创新绩效的关系,增强跟随搜索与产品创新绩效的关系;竞争强度与管理者解释对跟随搜索与产品创新绩效的关系具有显著联合调节效应.研究结论对我国集群新创企业实施创新搜索与提升产品创新绩效具有指导意义. 相似文献
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基于供应链上存在两个上游厂商和无数个下游厂商的完全竞争市场结构的假设,分析了上游一家厂商独立进行研发活动,以及与下游部分厂商构建纵向RJV的两种创新形式.进而研究纵向溢出效应对企业研发活动和社会福利的影响.研究结果表明:纵向溢出效应并不像想象中那样会给下游企业带来明显益处,构建纵向RJV后的纵向溢出效应临界值大于上游企业独立研发时的溢出效应临界值,纵向溢出效应在一定程度上损害了加入纵向RJV的下游厂商利益.为保证社会福利最大化,政府应鼓励企业构建纵向RJV,并根据纵向溢出效应水平对进行研发活动的企业进行补贴. 相似文献
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为了探究研发投入对企业绩效的影响以及市场化程度对研发投入与企业绩效关系的影响,以253家创业板企业作为研究样本,从市场化程度整体视角出发研究产品市场化程度与市场中介组织和法律制度环境对研发投入与企业绩效关系的影响.首先采用多元回归模型研究研发投入对企业绩效的影响,在此基础上采用门槛回归模型研究不同市场化程度对研发投入与企业绩效的影响.结果表明:研发投入正向作用企业市场绩效负向作用于企业财务绩效,适度完善市场中介组织和法律制度环境会促进研发投入对市场绩效的正向作用,会加大研发投入对财务绩效的负向作用;产品市场发育程度的适度提高会促进研发投入对企业市场绩效的提升,随着产品市场发育程度的提高,研发投入对企业财务绩效抑制作用加强.据此,要研究研发投入对企业绩效的影响,上市公司应结合其外部市场化进程,推行差异化的研发投入机制;政府在积极完善法律制度环境、培育市场中介组织、提高产品市场发育程度的同时应加大对企业的科技创新补贴,减轻企业的财务压力,制定合理专利奖励政策,激励企业自主创新. 相似文献
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Chang-Yang Lee 《Research Policy》2009,38(5):861-870
This paper aims to contribute to the literature on the long-debated relationship between market competition and firm research and development (R&D) by investigating the effect of competitive market pressure on firms’ incentives to invest in R&D. The paper shows that a firm's R&D response to competitive market pressure depends primarily on its level of technological competence or R&D productivity: firms with high levels of technological competence tend to respond aggressively (i.e., exhibit a higher level of R&D efforts) to intensifying competitive market pressure, while firms with low levels of technological competence tend to respond submissively (i.e., exhibit a lower level of R&D efforts). The differential effect of competitive market pressure on firm R&D, conditioned primarily by the level of firms’ technological competence, is empirically supported by unique firm-level data from the World Bank. Furthermore, the role of firm-specific technological competence in conditioning the R&D-competition relationship is more evident and statistically more significant for firms facing consumers whose utility is relatively more elastic to product quality than to price. 相似文献
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客户作为企业重要的利益相关者,对企业行为具有广泛而深刻的影响。买方市场势力是客户的重要特征之一,对企业的创新决策发挥着不可忽视的作用。本文以2012—2016年沪深两市A股中的610家高新技术企业上市公司为样本,从市场竞争强度和市场动态性两个角度实证检验了不同市场竞争环境下买方市场势力对企业创新研发投入的影响。结果表明：市场竞争程度越激烈,买方市场势力对创新研发投入产生的“促进激励效应”越明显;企业所处行业的市场动态性越高,买方市场势力对创新研发投入产生的“促进激励效应”越显著。 相似文献
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基于文献研究和理论分析,构建高技术产业技术创新能力指标体系。采用2000—2015年中国高技术产业有关数据,利用统计分析方法和因子分析回归方法,从投入能力、创新能力、支撑能力和政策因素等方面实证分析各因素对高技术产业研发产出的影响。研究结果发现:知识产出与RD经费投入强度、企业资金投入、人员投入、企业数量和引进消化吸收再创新能力等有显著性关系;市场产出与企业资金投入、人员投入、RD经费投入强度、利润率和税负率等有显著性关系。最后,为政府及企业合理规划创新资源、科学提升产业研发产出提出相关对策建议。 相似文献
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创新是企业获得竞争优势并在市场竞争中立于不败之地的重要源泉，但是由于市场制度的不完善，中国企业常常借助政治关联而非技术创新来开拓市场。在制度基础观的分析框架下，本文以2009-2016期间在深圳、香港和美国创业板市场上市的中国制造业企业为样本，利用HECKMAN两阶段模型和混合截面层次回归方法实证检验了高管政治关联对企业创新投入的影响，并考察了企业境外上市、中央强力反腐败斗争和行业管理决断权的调节作用。本文结果显示：（1）高管政治关联与企业创新投入之间存在显著的负相关关系；（2）相比境外上市企业，境内上市企业的高管政治关联与企业创新投入的负相关关系更显著；（3）当企业所在的行业管理决断权较高时，高管政治关联与企业创新投入的负相关关系更显著；（4）对非国有企业而言，中央开展大力反腐败斗争后，高管政治关联与企业创新投入之间的负相关关系明显增强。研究结论拓展了高管政治关联和企业创新投入的实证研究，深化了制度基础观在中国情境下的应用，具备重要的实践意义。 相似文献
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S. Negassi 《Research Policy》2004,33(3):365-384
The scope of this paper is to report new empirical evidence on the determinants of R&D co-operation. Indeed, the literature on the capabilities of firms emphasises the role of knowledge in the performance and evolution of firms who use knowledge developed in others to build their own knowledge capital. R&D co-operation between firms is one of the many strategies by which this knowledge may be transmitted. Several theoretical models have stressed that R&D co-operation is more likely when the level of spillovers is high. While this supposition is used in many theoretical models, it has rarely been tested before. Our results do not lend strong support to this intuition. Indeed, our spillover variables (national pure spillovers, national rent spillovers and imports of machine tools), which were supposed to match the theoretical notion of spillovers used in these theoretical models have a positive but not a significant role when explaining R&D co-operation. The R&D co-operation increases with size and with R&D intensity, but not with market share. It also increases with the budget spent on paying license fees and on acquiring patents and labour from foreign firms. In this study, we also analyse the determinants of innovation. In more precise terms, we compare the effects of R&D co-operation to those played by traditional internal factors and those exerted by external, pure and rent spillovers on the innovation capacity of the firms. Our results show that the commercial success of innovations of French firms depends mainly on size, market share, R&D intensity and human capital. Inward FDI from industrialised countries exerts a positive and significant effect. The finding highlights the important role of the absorptive capacity of firms. Spillover measurements, such as the acquisition of machine tools, foreign patents, licenses, and technological opportunities have a positive impact on innovation. 相似文献
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We analyze the influence of a regional economic integration agreement (REIA) on a firm's investments in research and development (R&D). A country's entry into a REIA creates two competing influences on the firm's R&D investments. On the one hand, increased competition in product markets after the REIA would induce the firm to invest in internal R&D to improve its distinctive technological competitiveness. On the other hand, better access to sources of inputs in factor markets after the REIA would induce the firm to purchase external R&D because it can outsource technology more easily. Surprisingly, the empirical analysis shows that the REIA's impact on R&D investment is driven primarily by product markets rather than by factor markets. After the REIA, product markets induce firms not only to invest more in internal R&D but also purchase more external R&D. In contrast, after the REIA factor markets have limited influence on internal or external R&D investments. 相似文献
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Chang-Yang Lee 《Research Policy》2005,34(6):914-931
This paper shows that firm heterogeneity in technological competence, rather than differences in industry-specific characteristics, is the primary condition determining the long-debated relationship between firm size and R&D. Specifically, by utilizing a formal model of firm R&D that shows that profit-maximizing firm R&D intensity is determined jointly by firm-specific technological competence and consumer preference regarding quality and price, this paper suggests that firm size affects firm R&D intensity not directly, but through its influence on firm-specific technological competence. In particular, four predictions are drawn and tested empirically: (1) in general, the size-R&D relationship is less-than-proportional or inverted U-shaped, especially for low-technological-competence firms; (2) however, the common less-than-proportional relationship disappears, and a more-than-proportional relationship becomes increasingly likely, for firms with high levels of technological competence, plausibly due to competence-enhancing, learning economies of scale and/or scope in R&D; (3) firms with larger accumulated R&D experience are, ceteris paribus, less likely to exhibit the common less-than-proportional relationship; (4) among industries, a greater within-industry departure from the proportional size-R&D relationship is expected for industries with seemingly high, rapidly changing technological-opportunity conditions. These predictions, especially pertaining to the conditioning role of technological competence in the size-R&D relationship, are empirically supported by the unique data by the World Bank. 相似文献
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This study investigates how R&D subsidy and non-R&D subsidy affect entrepreneurial firms’ initial public offering (IPO) performance in an emerging economy like China. Analyzing data from 269 IT (information technology) entrepreneurial firms in China, we found that R&D subsidy has an inverted U-shape effect on IPO performance, while non-R&D subsidy has a positive effect on IPO performance. Furthermore, both state ownership and patent intensity moderate the inverted U-shape relationship between R&D subsidy and IPO performance. In contrast, neither of them moderates the positive relationship between non-R&D subsidy and IPO performance. These findings contribute to the literature on the effectiveness of government subsidy by highlighting the symbolic effect of government subsidy on external financing in emerging economies, and offer important practical implications to entrepreneurial firms and government funding agencies in China. 相似文献
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Under what conditions do firms benefit from the research efforts of other organizations? 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Although R&D spillovers play a key role in the battle for technological leadership, it is unclear under what conditions firms build on and benefit from the discoveries of others. The study described here empirically examines this issue. The findings indicate that, depending on technological opportunities, firm size and competitive pressure, the net impact of R&D spillovers on productivity can be either positive or negative. Specifically, we find that although spillover effects are positively associated with the technological opportunities that a firm faces, this relationship is reversed when firm size is considered. Whilst external R&D affects large self-reliant firms negatively, its impact on the productivity of smaller firms (who usually introduce incremental innovations that are characterized by a strong reliance on external technologies) is positive, and even higher than that of their own R&D. We also demonstrate that the economic payoff for firms’ own R&D is lower when they face intense competition. In cases of low-appropriability, however, spillover effects are more positive, allowing firms to increase their performance using the inventions of others. 相似文献
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To investigate whether there is a similar relationship between R&D intensity and growth in high-tech and non-high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), we examine two samples of SMEs in manufacturing industries, applying the two-step estimation method. Our findings are that R&D intensity restricts the growth of high-tech SMEs at lower levels of R&D intensity and stimulates their growth at higher levels. However, R&D intensity restricts the growth of non-high-tech SMEs regardless of the level of R&D. The relationships obtained between other determinants considered in the literature and the growth of high-tech and non-high-tech SMEs allow us to conclude that (i) smaller, younger, non-high-tech SMEs grow more quickly than larger, older, non-high-tech SMEs, which does not occur in the case of high-tech SMEs; and (ii) financing restrictions are especially important in financing the growth of high-tech SMEs, compared with non-high-tech SMEs. 相似文献