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1.
探索知识移民宅基地有偿继承意愿,对破解农村宅基地长期闲置困境、推动宅基地制度改革具有一定意义。基于发达地区与欠发达地区6省市的612个知识移民样本数据,运用统计分析与多项无序Logistic回归模型对知识移民的宅基地有偿继承意愿及影响因素进行探讨。结果表明：①知识移民的年龄、性别、城镇户籍、居住时间、宅基地继承权利认知会正向影响宅基地有偿继承意愿,目前工作地点对宅基地有偿继承意愿有负向影响;②资源禀赋中,较好的个人资源禀赋和较差的家庭资源禀赋都会降低知识移民的宅基地有偿继承意愿,而优越的自然资源禀赋能显著增强宅基地有偿继承意愿;③制度安排中,合理的有偿继承费用会增加知识移民有偿继承意愿,无偿退出政策会刺激知识移民接受宅基地的有偿继承,有偿退出政策则会降低有偿继承意愿;④资源“反哺”行为中,知识移民直接的货币投入和适当的社交投入能增强其有偿继承意愿。基于此,提出吸引知识移民资源“反哺”、合理制定有偿继承价格等政策建议。 相似文献
2.
贫困农户农业科技需求意愿及影响因素实证研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文通过对典型农业省份贫困农户农业科技需求的调查,分析研究表明:贫困农户大多认可科技知识对家庭生产经营的作用,但有效需求相对不足。比较而言调查地区贫困农户对种植养殖技术、动植物新品种、化肥农药使用技术、农产品初加工等四项农业技术需求意愿最高。进一步对这四项技术需求的影响因素检验,结果发现:地理环境、信息来源、性别、文化程度、劳动力投入人数等是影响贫困农户技术需求的重要因素,而家中是否有人担任干部,是否有专业技能,是否参加过农技培训对贫困农户技术需求的影响不显著。在此基础上,提出了相关的对策建议。 相似文献
3.
基于Logistic模型的水库移民安置区居民土地流转意愿分析——四川、湖南、湖北移民安置区的调查 总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11
本文以四川、湖南和湖北三省四个水库移民安置区共318份调查问卷为基础,以安置区居民土地流转意愿为因变量,以性别、年龄、职业类型、安置区距离省会城市的距离、家庭人口、劳动力人数等13个因素为自变量,通过建立logistic模型,对水库移民安置区居民的土地流转意愿进行了实证研究,研究结果显示:①随着农民教育年限的增加,其土地转出有增强倾向。因受教育程度越高,其外出打工就业的几率就越高,有较为稳定的非农收入,土地已不再是生活的主要保障,他们更愿意将土地流转出去而获取一定的补偿;②家庭劳动力人数对土地转出有反向作用,劳动力人数越多,越不愿意转出土地。而家庭总人数和农业人口数并不能真实地反映一个家庭的土地需求,对土地转出意愿影响并不显著;③家庭收入中农业收入比重越大,说明对农业依赖程度越高,越不愿意转出土地;④家庭总人数和农业人口数并不能准确反映农户对土地的真实需求,因而对土地流转意愿的影响并不显著。为了实现移民安置区土地的主动流转,建议采取5项措施。 相似文献
4.
流域禁止和限制开发区农户生态补偿受偿意愿的差异性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《软科学》2019,(12):121-126
基于希克斯需求理论,以大汶河流域实地走访调研的微观数据为基础,采用双边界二分选择式条件价值评估法估计禁止和限制开发区农户的生态补偿受偿意愿,并运用双边界Tobit模型分析影响农户受偿意愿的因素及边际效应的差异性。研究表明:(1)流域禁止和限制开发区农户的平均受偿意愿分别为1511.18元/年·户和961.71元/年·户,所需得到的生态补偿标准取值区间分别为1511.18元/年·户至1675.36元/年·户和961.71元/年·户至1113.10元/年·户;(2)两类主体功能区中愿意接受生态补偿的农户对于受偿方式的选择差异不大;(3)性别对禁止开发区农户的受偿意愿有显著正向影响,对限制开发区农户影响不显著;家庭年收入水平、禁限开发区生态治理的必要性、对生态补偿政策了解程度、对生态补偿政策的心理预期对两类主体功能区农户的受偿意愿有显著负向影响;对流域生态的满意度、禁限规划对收入的减损程度、水环境产权意识对两类主体功能区农户的受偿意愿有显著正向影响。最后,基于研究结论给出相应的政策建议。 相似文献
5.
本文以黄土高原泾河流域为例，通过对位于流域上游固原市的两个村落利益相关者问卷调查，研究其对生态服务产品消费状况和受偿意愿。借助SPSS软件，分析影响农户生态系统服务消费和生态受偿意愿的因素。结果表明，农户及其饲养家畜对有限的生态系统服务的消费并没有满足其营养需求，消费量受家庭人口、粮食作物面积、退耕地面积和养殖规模影响；受偿意愿与退耕地面积、养羊数量、收入水平密切相关。退耕还林还草工程的实施通过改变农户种养格局和收入间接影响了家庭消费和生态受偿意愿。基于条件价值法的理论，对该区农户因保护水源地而损失的经济利益和放弃利用的水资源价值做出初步估算。 相似文献
6.
通过对企业生态合作影响因素的归纳总结,结合产业集群供应链生态合作的特点,提炼出产业集群供应链生态合作的24个影响因素。通过对湖北省产业集群区域制造企业的问卷调查,获得168份有效问卷,然后运用SPSS17.0采用主成分分析法进行因子分析,得出4个产业集群供应链生态合作的影响因子分别是外部压力与支持力度因子、集群资源与能力因子、环境活动成本因子和合作意愿与承诺因子。研究结果表明:外部压力与支持力度因子对产业集群供应链生态合作因子的影响程度最大,其中政府的扶持和激励性政策是目前集群企业生态合作的驱动因素,而高层领导意愿、副产品交换数量和排污收费执法是产业集群供应链生态合作的制约因素。最后提出相关对策建议。 相似文献
7.
明确公众参与城市水环境治理行为的影响因素对提高水环境治理绩效具有重要意义。本文基于北京、上海、广州三地2051份公众问卷,运用双栏模型和解释结构模型考察了公众城市水环境治理参与意愿和参与程度的影响因素,探究了公众参与意愿的内在发生机制。结果表明：①北上广三地74.3%的公众有城市水环境治理参与愿意,平均意愿支付水平为12.29元/年;②公众参与城市水环境治理的意愿和程度的影响因素不尽相同,其中公众月均可支配收入、前往城市水环境的频率与在城市水环境内停留时间、城市水环境景观和娱乐价值认知以及城市水环境整体生态状况感知对公众参与程度有显著影响;③公众参与意愿的内在发生机制是深层根源因素（公众受教育程度、年龄和居住地距最近的城市水环境距离）,通过影响中层间接因素（城市水环境整体生态状况感知以及城市水环境生态价值认知）,进而影响直接驱动因素公众环境责任意识,最终影响公众城市水环境治理参与意愿。提出了加大水环境治理宣传力度,制定公众参与治理奖励政策以及完善公众与政府信息交流机制等建议。 相似文献
8.
中国生态移民效益评估研究综述 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
中国生态移民发端于20世纪80年代初的经济社会快速发展时期,成因于经济社会-资源环境系统的不协调性。生态移民政策实施的效果由此也成为政府和学者关注的焦点。本文通过对中国生态移民效益评估研究文献的全面梳理,系统分析了其评估对象、内容、方法和结果等方面的研究现状。研究发现,已有生态移民效益评估研究主要针对中国中西部各省典型移民工程,应用定性和定量分析方法,从不同视角对移民效益进行了经济、生态、社会的单因子或多因子考察,重点对移民经济收入变化进行了评估;生态移民效益评估结果虽然受迁入区资源环境容量、移民政策制定和实施过程、移民适应能力等的影响,但评估研究的数据来源、评估方法对评估结果也产生重要影响。未来生态移民效益评估研究要强调对反映整个移民区域经济、生态环境、社会文化心理等方面变化的全面调研,以第三方作为评估主体,甄选适宜的指标和方法对生态移民政策的制定、实施及效果进行全程考察和评估。 相似文献
9.
养猪业生态产业链是发展养猪业循环经济的有效载体,而养猪户和种植户作为养猪业生态产业链中重要的利益主体,其合作意愿对保持整个产业链的稳定性发展具有重要作用。本文基于6省(市)348户养猪户的实地调研数据,从养猪户个体特征、养猪场经营特征、现有合作特征、外部环境特征四个构念出发,运用Stata12.0软件对养猪户合作意愿的影响因素及其边际效应进行实证研究。研究结果表明：合作满意度、养猪场月收入、政策激励等因素对养猪户的合作意愿有显著影响,养殖规模、合作契约关系、合作预期等因素对养猪户不同合作意愿的影响机理相对复杂。基于此,本文从加大人力资本投入、提高组织化程度、加大扶持新型农业经营主体三个角度提出了对策建议。 相似文献
10.
针对生态移民给搬迁农户所带来的生计影响,以遗产旅游地武陵源为例构建农户参与旅游业的生计可持续指标体系,对比分析武陵源移民户与非移民户旅游依赖生计资本和生计策略的差异;通过构建多元Logit模型探讨移民户和非移民户生计资本各因素对旅游依赖生计策略的影响。研究结果显示:①生态移民背景下移民户发展旅游更具生计资本上的优势,移民户和非移民户的人力资本均值分别为0.601和0.577;物质资本均值分别为0.488和0.442;金融资本均值分别为0.258和0.231;社会资本均值分别为0.469和0.393;②生态移民促使农户的生计策略更加多样化,但移民户的后期保障扶持措施不够深入,因而政府应加大对非移民户资金、技术等方面的支持,促使其就业多样化,加强风险抵御能力;针对移民户,政府应完善生态移民安置政策,监督移民补贴的发放和移民政策的执行;③人力资本和金融资本对移民户和非移民户生计策略的选择有显著影响,社会资本越多的移民户越倾向于选择旅游专营型生计策略,物质资本越多的非移民户越倾向于选择生计多样型生计策略,其中金融资本对农户旅游依赖生计策略影响最为显著,但其持有量目前最低,因此要使农户实现效用最大化,首要任务是完善农户援助与信贷制度,提高其金融资本。 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
15.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
16.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献