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1.
Effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides on the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus inMiichthys miiuy fries were investigated. Nine hundredMiichthys miiuy fries were divided into 3 groups, each with triplicates. The basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with carnitine groups were considered as the negative and positive controls respectively. Results showed that the nitrogen concentration in excreted feces decreased significantly in fries fed the diet supplementation with 1000×10−6 fructooligosaccharides and 200×10−6 carnitine (P<0.05). The ammonic-nitrogen concentration decreased significantly in the carnitine group only (P<0.05), indicating the decreasing tendency caused by the supplementation with fructooligosaccharides. Supplementation with both did not have significant effects on the concentration of phosphorus in feces ofMiichthys miiuy fries. Project supported by Public Bidding Item in Key Research of Zhejiang Province (No. 02110281-2) and Ningbo Tackle Key Problem for Agricultural Development (No. 2004C-100030), China  相似文献   

2.
INTRODUCTION It is well known that antibiotics are used as ef-fective agents to control diseases and as growth promoters in domestic animals. However, the con-tinuous use of antimicrobials increases the bacterial resistance. Therefore, it is essential to find effective and non-resistance replacements. Probiotics are vi-able cell preparations that have beneficial effects on health of the host by improving its intestinal balance (Fuller, 1989) via producing nutrients, enhancingimmune respo…  相似文献   

3.
The effects of dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum on growth performance and humoral immune response in Miichthys miiuy were evaluated. One hundred and fifty Miichthys miiuy weighing approximately 200-260 g were divided into five groups and reared in 15 tanks with closed circuiting culture system. The animals were fed 5 diets： basal diet only （control） or supplemented of the basal diet with C. butyricum at doses of 10^3 （CB1）, 10^5 （CB2）, 10^7 （CB3） or 10^9 （CB4） CFU/g. Compared with the control, the serum phenoloxidase activity was significantly increased by the supplementation （P〈0.05）, acid phosphatases activity was increased significantly （P〈0.05） at the doses of 10^9 CFU/g. Serum lysozyme activity peaked at dose of 10^7 CFU/g and in the skin mucus at dose of 10^9 CFU/g. Immunoglobulin M level in the serum and skin mucus was increased except at dose of 10^3 CFU/g （P〈0.05）. The growth at the dose of 10^9 CFU/g was higher than that of the control （P〈0.05）. It is concluded that supplementation of C. butyricum can mediate the humoral immune responses and improve the growth performance in Miichthys miiuy.  相似文献   

4.
INTRODUCTION It was recognized that when animals are offereda low-nitrogen, high fibre roughage such as rice straw(RS), one of the critical nutrients is fermentable ni-trogen (N) available to rumen microbes (ARC, 1984). The use of urea/molasses blocks is a convenient way for avoiding excessive intake of urea, and will ensure an almost continuous supply of ammonia-N (Preston, 1986). Urea/molasses block feeding yielded positive results in many parts of the world (Kunju, 1986; Hadjipanay…  相似文献   

5.
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of fresh fermented soybean meal (FSM) on the growth performance of nursery piglets, nitrogen excretion in feces, and the concentrations of ammonia (NH3) and particulate matter (PM) in the piggery. A total of 472 nursery piglets (Landrace×Yorkshire, (16.3±0.36) kg body weight) were randomly allocated into two treatments with 236 pigs in each treatment. The pigs were fed the basal diet without fresh FSM (control) or diet containing 10% (100 g/kg) fresh FSM (FSM group), and the crude protein content of the two groups was consistent. The feeding trial lasted for 28 d. The results showed that the pigs fed fresh FSM had increased (P<0.05) average daily gain (ADG) compared with the control. There was no significant difference (P>0.05) in feed to gain ratio (F:G) between the two groups. During the whole experiment, the concentration of NH3 in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.0%, and the concentrations of PM (PM10 and PM2.5) in the piggery decreased (P<0.05) by 19.9% and 11.6%, respectively, in the FSM group, compared with the control. The ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content in feces increased (P<0.05) by 32.9% and 28.4%, respectively, in the FSM group. The fecal pH declined (P<0.05) significantly in the FSM group compared with the control. At the end of experiment, total protein (TP) concentration was increased (P<0.05) significantly and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration was decreased (P<0.05) for pigs fed the diet with fresh FSM. The results indicated that dietary fresh FSM not only improved the growth performance of nursery piglets, but also reduced the NH3 concentration in the piggery due to nitrogen conversion, and decreased the concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in the piggery.  相似文献   

6.
选择体重、产蛋率相近的430日龄健康罗曼褐蛋鸡48只,随机分为2组,每组4个重复,每个重复6只鸡,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加1%决明子粉,预试期1周,试验期6周。研究决明子对罗曼褐蛋鸡生产性能、鸡蛋胆固醇含量及血清生化指标的影响。结果表明,日粮中添加1%决明子鸡蛋中的蛋白质、脂肪含量分别比对照组提高10.54%(P0.05)和9.86%(P0.05);每克蛋黄胆固醇含量比对照组降低27.00%(P0.01),每枚鸡蛋胆固醇含量比对照组降低32.85%(P0.01);添加决明子对蛋鸡的生产性能没有显著影响(P0.05),但降低了蛋鸡血清中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(P0.01)、总胆固醇(TC)(P0.01)和甘油三酯(TG)(P0.05)的含量,增加了血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)(P0.01)的浓度量。说明决明子具有显著降低鸡蛋胆固醇含量,改善鸡蛋品质的作用。  相似文献   

7.
A six-week experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of supplementing different enzyme cocktails in cornsoybean-byproduct diets on broiler chickens＇ growth performance and nutrient utilization. A total of 630 one-day-old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 7 experimental groups with 6 replicates of 15 chicks. The group of chicks serving as the control group were fed a basal diet made of mainly corn and soybean meal, mixed with a little fish meal, rapeseed meal and wheat bran. The other six groups were fed the same basal diet supplemented with each a different enzyme complex at the dosage of 0.75 kg enzyme in 1 t basal diet. At the same time, a metabolic trial was carded out on 42 chicks at the 27 d age. The results showed that the average daily mass gain （ADG） of chicks in the starter phase, age 1 d to 21 d, was improved by all enzyme complex supplements except the cocktail made of 230 IU/g α-amylase, 5.6 klU/g β-glucanase, 5.3 kIU/g cellulase, 15.5 kIU/g protease and 37.5 kIU/g xylanase. The enzyme cocktail made of 1.6 klU/g α-amylase, 80 klU/g protease and 1.6 kIU/g xylanase worked out the most significant difference （P〈0.05）. Enzyme supplementation decreased the feed conversion ratio （FCR） by 2.78% to 3.98% （P〉0.05）, indicating better utilization of nutritients. In the grower phase at the age from 22 d to 42 d, the enzyme cocktail made of 4.0 kIU/g β-glucanase, 3.8 kIU/g cellulase, 17.8 kIU/g protease, 4.5 kIU/g xylanase and 44 IU/g α-glactase, and that made of 240 IU/g α-amylase, 1.4.6 kIU/g β-glucanase, 2.0 kIU/g cellulase, 5.7 klU/g protease, 400 IU/g xylanase, 20 IU/g α- glactase and 200 IU/g phytase imporved chicks＇ ADG and FCR significantly （P〈0.05）. These two cocktails also were shown to improve ADG and FCR in the entire period of broiler age from 1 d to 42 d. Exogenous digesting enzymes such as protease and amylase benefited the growth and nutrition utilization in young broilers in the starter phase but barely in the grower phase, indicat  相似文献   

8.
本实验以中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）、亚心型扁藻（Platymonas subcordiformis）2种缢蛏养殖中常见优势藻为实验对象,研究不同N、P浓度对2种藻生长的影响．结果表明：中肋骨条藻最适生长的N、P浓度范围为N：6mg／L-24mg／L和P：1mg／L-2mg／L,亚心型扁藻的最适N、P浓度范围为N：6mg／L-24mg／L和P：lmg,L_2mgn．~从实验结果来看,中肋骨条藻和亚心型扁藻对N、P的需求基本一致,N限制明显而P限制表现不显著．因此,通过调节N、P等主要营养盐的浓度将会有效地控制缢蛏养殖池塘中藻类生物量及种群结构变化,使藻相保持相对稳定,对于发展科学的缢蛏养殖池塘水质管理模式具有重要的意义．  相似文献   

9.
复方中草药对AA肉鸡肌肉抗氧化能力的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
目的:研究复方中草药对肉鸡肌肉抗氧化能力的影响。方法:选用健康1日龄AA肉鸡400羽,随机分为对照组和试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,每组100羽。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕基础日粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%、1.0%和1.5%的复方中草药,试验期42 d。结果:21日龄时,与对照组相比,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组肉鸡胸肌和腿肌SOD和T-AOC活性及GSH-PX含量不同程度升高,MDA含量不同程度降低,其中试验Ⅱ组胸肌T-AOC活性和GSH-PX含量显著升高,胸肌MDA含量显著降低(P0.05);试验Ⅰ和Ⅲ组胸肌SOD活性和试验Ⅲ组腿肌SOD活性和GSH-PX含量也显著升高(P0.05);而各试验组腿肌MDA含量均显著降低(P0.05)。42日龄时,与对照组相比,各试验组胸肌MDA含量均显著降低(P0.05),而试验Ⅱ组胸肌GSH-PX含量显著升高(P0.05),且各试验组腿肌T-AOC活性也均有不同程度的提高。结论:添加不同剂量的复方中草药可不同程度提高肉鸡胸肌和腿肌抗氧化酶活性,降低MDA含量,其中以添加1.0%的复方中草药提高胸肌抗氧化能力效果最好,而添加1.5%的复方中草药提高腿肌抗氧化能力效果较好。  相似文献   

10.
目的:研究高温α-淀粉酶处理浓度和时间对中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的影响,为准确测定NDF提供参考。方法:利用玉米、豆粕、玉米秸秆和黄豆秸秆为原料,开展5批试验,每批5个处理,每个处理3个重复。在每批试验中,分别用0、0.5、1.0、1.5和2.0 g/L高温α-淀粉酶对其在75℃处理24 h,研究高温α-淀粉酶的浓度对淀粉消失率和NDF测定结果的影响;用2.0 g/L高温α-淀粉酶在75℃对饲料原料分别处理0、12、24、36和48 h,研究高温α-淀粉酶的处理时间对淀粉消失率和NDF测定结果的影响。结果:随着高温α-淀粉酶的浓度升高,玉米、玉米秸秆和黄豆秸秆的淀粉消失率分别线性提高(P0.05),但对豆粕的淀粉消失率影响较小(P=0.401)。玉米和豆粕的NDF测定结果分别线性降低(P0.05),但对玉米秸秆(P=0.300)和黄豆秸秆(P=0.144)的NDF测定结果影响较小。随着高温α-淀粉酶处理时间的增加,玉米、豆粕、玉米秸秆和黄豆秸秆的淀粉消失率分别线性提高(P0.05)。与对照组相比,玉米、豆粕、玉米秸秆和黄豆秸秆的NDF分别线性降低(P0.05)。结论:添加高温α-淀粉酶能够有效降低饲料原料中淀粉含量,淀粉酶添加量越大或处理时间越长,对淀粉含量降低效果越明显,饲料原料的NDF测定结果就越准确。在本试验中,用于测定饲料原料的适宜α-淀粉酶的浓度与时间分别为2.0 g/L与24 h。  相似文献   

11.
低聚壳聚糖对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫器官发育的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  
480羽1日龄AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组120羽,设6个重复,其中空白对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,抗生素组基础日粮添加50mg/kg金霉素,试验Ⅰ组(低聚壳聚糖剂量组)和试验Ⅱ组(黄芪多糖高剂量组)分别添加20mg/kg和40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖,试验期42d,研究低聚壳聚糖对肉仔鸡生长性能及免疫器官发育的影响。结果显示,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组肉仔鸡的平均体重、日增重、免疫器官重量及其指数均不同程度高于同期空白对照组和抗生素组,其中平均体重与日增重多差异显著(P<0.05),部分免疫器官重量与指数有统计学意义(P<0.05);平均料重比均较明显地低于同日龄空白对照组和抗生素组。试验结果表明,基础日粮添加20、40mg/kg低聚壳聚糖对肉鸡的生长性能及免疫器官发育具有较明显的促进作用,可提高肉鸡的平均日增重和饲料转化率,增强机体的免疫功能。  相似文献   

12.
日粮中添加茶多酚对肉仔鸡脂肪沉积的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
为研究日粮中添加茶多酚对肉仔鸡脂肪沉积及色泽的影响,试验选用1日龄AA鸡200只随机分成4组,每组50只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组日粮为在基础日粮中分别添加100 mg/kg、250 mg/kg、500 mg/kg的茶多酚,于14、28、42日龄每组随机抽取5只进行屠宰,测定腹脂重、腹脂色泽。结果日粮中添加不同水平茶多酚,肉鸡的腹脂重、腹脂率均有明显的降低,且随茶多酚添加剂量增加而降低,当剂量增加到500 mg/kg时,差异极显著(P<0.01);腹脂的L值(亮度)和a值(红度)随剂量增加而降低,b值(黄度)随剂量增加而升高,以添加250 mg/kg时,茶多酚对脂肪色泽改变效果最佳。结果表明日粮中添加不同剂量的茶多酚可以降低腹脂沉积,加深脂肪色泽,改善肉仔鸡的胴体品质。  相似文献   

13.
INTRODUCTION GM1 ganglioside (GM1) is the main kind ofgangliosides in mammalia, and most abundant inbrain tissue (Duchemin et al., 2002). It was reportedthat GM1 could protect cerebral ischemia in vivo andin vitro, one protective mechanism of which is thatGM1 could reduce neural injury induced by toxicityof excitatory amino acid via N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) (Kharlamov et al., 1993; Simon et al., 1993; Garofalo and Cue…  相似文献   

14.
研究DHEA对淮南王鸡脂质代谢与抗氧化的影响。240只8日龄健康雏鸡随机分为4组:对照组(饲喂基础饲料)以及试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组(分别饲喂含有5、15和45 mg DHEA/kg的饲料)。42和56日龄各组随机抽取发育正常的12只个体,空腹称重,按常规方法屠宰,测定肝脏、腹脂、皮下脂肪相对重以及胸肌、腿肌肌内脂肪含量,并测定56日龄时血清丙二醛(MDA)、葡萄糖(Glu)、甘油三酯(TG)和胆固醇(TC)含量以及总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)和肝脂酶(HL)活性等。结果显示:在42日龄,试验Ⅱ组肝脏以及试验III组腹脂、皮下脂肪相对重显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在56日龄,试验Ⅱ组肝脏、腹脂相对重以及试验Ⅲ组的腹脂、皮下脂肪相对重皆显著降低(P<0.05);DHEA处理有降低血糖、血脂的趋势,其中试验Ⅱ组血清血糖、TC、TG和VLDL含量均显著低于对照组,差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血清LPL活性显著升高(P<0.05),试验Ⅰ组血清HL活性显著增加(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血清MDA含量显著降低(P<0.05),而T-AOC水平显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:DHEA具有降低鸡的脂质代谢和增强抗氧化的作用。  相似文献   

15.
目的讨论不同饮食对2型糖尿病合并早期肾病（Ⅲ期）患者尿微量白蛋白影响的临床观察。方法将40例2型糖尿病患者合并早期肾病患者随机分为观察组20例和对照组20例,观察组采用优质蛋白饮食,对照组采用植物蛋白饮食,治疗前两组患者的血糖及尿蛋白排泄率水平无统计学差异,观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果两组治疗前后尿白蛋白排泄率均较治疗前下降,观察组尿白蛋白排泄率的变化与对照组比较有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。结论优质蛋白饮食更有利于控制2型糖尿病合并早期肾病（Ⅲ期）患者尿微量白蛋白。  相似文献   

16.
探讨腐植酸钠对AA肉鸡屠宰性能及肌肉品质的影响。方法:240只1日龄AA肉鸡,公母各半,随机等分4组,每组2个重复,每个重复30只。Ⅰ组为空白对照,饲喂基础日粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组为试验处理,饲喂基础日粮并分别添加1.0g/kg、1.5 g/kg、2.5g/kg的腐植酸钠。42日龄每个重复随机抽取4只,测定屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、瘦肉率及肌肉(胸肌、腿肌)色度、嫩度、失水率。结果:1)Ⅲ组的全净膛率显著(P<0.05)高于对照组,其余各指标各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)Ⅱ组胸肌失水率显著大于对照组(P<0.05);各试验组腿肌失水率都极显著(P<0.01)大于对照组;其余各指标各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:1)AA肉鸡日粮中添加腐植酸钠可显著提高全净膛率(P<0.05),对屠宰率、半净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率、瘦肉率均表现出一定的改善趋势。2)添加腐植酸钠对AA肉鸡肌肉品质有一定的负面影响。  相似文献   

17.
We examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on growth, fatty acid composition and enzyme activity of fatty acid oxidation in the liver of large yellow croaker. We divided 1600 fish (average initial weight 150 g) into 4 groups and reared them in 8 cages. Four dietary treatments were formulated to contain 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% (w/w) CLA, respectively. The fish were fed for 10 weeks ad libitum twice daily. We found that the dietary CLA had no effect on growth, biometric parameters and whole body proximate (P>0.05), but showed some significant effects on the fatty acid composition in both muscle and the liver.The activities oflipogenic enzymes were slightly depressed in fish fed with increasing levels of CLA when compared with control (P>0.05). Dietary CLA supplementation had no effects on liver lipid content, but significantly increased the contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (P＜0.05) and decreased monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content in both muscle and the liver. Dietary CLA inclusion resulted in significant increases of the biologically active cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 isomers in both tissues (P＜0.05). The total accumulation of CLA was higher in the liver (3.83%, w/w) than in muscle (3.77%, w/w) when fed with 4% (w/w) CLA. This study demonstrates that large yellow croakers are capable of absorbing and depositing CLA and long-chain n-3 PUFA in the liver and muscle, showing that this species fed with CLA could be an important human food source for these healthful fatty acids.  相似文献   

18.
A novel metabolomic method based on gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was applied to determine the metabolites in the serum of piglets in response to weaning and dietary L-glutamine (Gln) supplementation. Thirty-six 21-d-old piglets were randomly assigned into three groups. One group continued to suckle from the sows (suckling group), whereas the other two groups were weaned and their diets were supplemented with 1% (w/w) Gln or isonitrogenous L-alanine, respectively, representing Gln group or control group. Serum samples were collected to characterize metabolites after a 7-d treatment. Results showed that twenty metabolites were down-regulated significantly (P<0.05) in control piglets compared with suckling ones. These data demonstrated that early weaning causes a wide range of metabolic changes across arginine and proline metabolism, aminosugar and nucleotide metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, and fatty acid metabolism. Dietary Gln supplementation increased the levels of creatinine, D-xylose, 2-hydroxybutyric acid, palmitelaidic acid, and α-L-galactofuranose (P<0.05) in early weaned piglets, and were involved in the arginine and proline metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, and fatty acid metabolism. A leave-one-out cross-validation of random forest analysis indicated that creatinine was the most important metabolite among the three groups. Notably, the concentration of creatinine in control piglets was decreased (P=0.00001) compared to the suckling piglets, and increased (P=0.0003) in Gln-supplemented piglets. A correlation network for weaned and suckling piglets revealed that early weaning changed the metabolic pathways, leading to the abnormality of carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism, which could be partially improved by dietary Gln supplementation. These findings provide fresh insight into the complex metabolic changes in response to early weaning and dietary Gln supplementation in piglets.  相似文献   

19.
We investigated the effects of fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on growth performance and humoral immune response of the large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.). One thousand and two hundred large yellow croakers [initial average weight: (162.75±23.85) g] were divided into four groups and reared in floating sea cages (3 m×3 m×3 m). The animals were fed with 4 diets: basal diet only (control) or diets supplemented with 5%, 10% and 15% (w/w) FPH. The results show that dietary FPH levels significantly influenced the growth and immunity of the large yellow croaker. Compared with the control group, total weight gain (TWG) in all treatment groups, relative weight gain (RWG) and specific growth rate (SGR) in fish fed with diets supplemerited with 10% and 15% FPH were significantly increased (P＜0.05). Similar results were observed in immune parameters [lysozyme activity, serum complements, immunoglobulin M (IgM)]. Lysozyme activity, complement C4 and IgM were also significantly increased (P＜0.05) in fish fed with diets supplemented with 10% and 15% FPH, while complement C3 level was significantly increased (P＜0.05) in all treatment groups. In general, with the supplementation of FPH, particularly at dose of 10%,the growth performance and immunity of the large yellow croaker can be improved effectively.  相似文献   

20.
本试验比较了含糖萜素(Ⅰ)、含抗生素(Ⅱ)日粮以及空白对照组(Ⅲ)的饲养效果.结果表明:Ⅰ组的平均日增重为472克,料重比为1.84:1;Ⅱ组的平均日增重为431克,料重比为1.98:1;而对照组的平均日增重为399克,料重比为2.12:1,三组猪的生长速度、饲料转化率和腹泻率的差异均达到显著水平(p＜0.05).  相似文献   

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