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陈宝华 《深圳职业技术学院学报》2010,9(4):49-52
为了应对欧洲高等教育财政紧缩政策以及大学间日趋激烈竞争的严酷生存环境,欧洲部分大学通过一系列的组织转型和内部变革,造就了一种全新的大学发展模式：创业型大学。欧洲创业型大学的兴起,为当前我国面临同样处境的高职院校培育创业型院校提供了有益的启示。 相似文献
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Universities are engines of the knowledge-based economy, both as sites of knowledge production and exploitation. Over the
past two decades a “Third Mission” for universities has been articulated, alongside teaching and research; and this third
mission is understood as commercial engagement. While growing literatures on the entrepreneurial university and university
entrepreneurship have emerged, they are broadly conceptualized and overly fragmented. In this article we advance the concept
of entrepreneurial architecture as an analytical framework to understand the organizational dynamics of the contemporary university
and fuse two dominant discourses on the entrepreneurial evolution of higher education. We offer a pragmatic approach for institutions
to respond to the challenges of the Third Mission. 相似文献
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基于对8个国家48所大学的使命分析,现代大学社会责任的主要内容可概括为保证高等教育的公平、质量、适切性,探索知识并将知识应用于社会,促进人类社会进步与可持续发展。现代大学对社会责任的承担带来影响深远的社会价值,也不断面临各种制衡和挑战,需要大学清醒地认识自身在社会中的角色和职能,真正以自己的使命感和追求卓越的意识履行大学社会责任。 相似文献
4.
徐彦 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2013,(1):20-23
全世界的高等教育都处在日益增强的重塑压力之下,高等职业教育也不例外。从创业型大学的内涵界定人手,揭示了我国高职院校具有向创业型大学转型的可能性．并在借鉴欧洲创业型大学成功经验的基础上,提出了适合我国高等职业教育的转型之路。 相似文献
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创业型大学是特定时期里＂学术-市场-政府＂三者权力模式变迁在大学发展模式上的反映。作为我国高等教育主体的地方大学,积极向创业型大学转型既有突破生存困境的内在动力,又有适应外部环境的现实需要。要想在传统的高等教育系统博弈中参与重新制定新的游戏规则来确立自己在高等教育系统中的地位,创新高等教育理念并且积极向创业型大学转型是既充满挑战又值得把握的良好契机。 相似文献
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新加坡南洋理工大学的成功崛起——“创业型大学”战略的实施 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
新加坡南洋理工大学是亚太地区创业型大学的典范,其“创业型大学”战略在具体实施过程中主要体现在以下方面:在学校管理上大胆引入产业界的管理经验,在人才培养上重视创新精神的培养以及对创业实践的支持,在财政经费管理上积极寻求“第三渠道经费”来源,在外围发展上树立服务意识并积极发展国际领域的合作。我国大学应合理借鉴该校的有益经验。 相似文献
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大学生领导教育自20世纪80年代以来在西方国家兴起并日趋活跃,最终蔓延到全世界。培养大学学生的领导力是加拿大高等教育的重要内容之一。目前加拿大共有12所高校开展本科生领导教育,其中卡莫森学院、皇家山大学、圭尔夫大学、新布伦瑞克大学、滑铁卢大学和约克大学等6所学校在本科生领导教育方面具有代表性。这6所学校在培养机构、使命、目标、计划、内容和方法上同中有异,异中有同,各有特色。鉴于此,通过介绍和比较加拿大6所高校面向本科生的领导教育计划,以期对于我国高等教育的发展有所启示。 相似文献
9.
Jun Li 《Prospects》2012,42(3):319-339
China??s recent quest to develop world-class universities is a significant phenomenon within the worldwide transformation of tertiary education. Taking a cultural approach and drawing on empirical findings, this article investigates the emerging Chinese model of the university, considering its key features and contributions to global communities. First, examining the rhetoric about world-class universities in varied societal contexts, it explores the institutional initiatives and government agendas involved in China??s drive for global status. Then, using case studies of three universities moving toward mass higher education and world-class status, it shows the role played by their individual institutional initiative. It next describes key features of the emerging Chinese model of the university, including the core values of self-mastery and intellectual freedom, to show how it differs from the dominant Anglo-Saxon and American models but shares some features with the continental European and Japanese models of the university. The final section considers policy implications of the emerging Chinese model, its potential lessons for reform and practice, and its role in fostering vibrant democracies and global dialogue among civilizations in the future. 相似文献
10.
温正胞 《浙江教育学院学报》2007,(1):1-7
在来自于国家的公共经费日益紧缩的背景下,西方各国的高等教育机构之间在各项资源的争夺上也更为激烈,各种类型的高等教育机构开始尝试向企业组织借鉴和学习能有效提高组织效率和竞争力的经验,企业化大学应运而生。这类既保持了大学的学术传统,又整合了企业精神的新型高等教育机构在市场化生存中所展示出的活力和教训,将会为大学在全新生存环境中的组织转型提供有益的经验。 相似文献
11.
杨邦勇 《福建工程学院学报》2015,(2):187-191
应用技术大学创业教育要立足于区域经济社会发展需要,并应针对当前存在的认知偏差等问题,积极探寻解决路径,既要紧密结合学科专业特点,又要把握工程、生产实践需求,开展对外交流,走出一条以深化理念认知为先导,优化人才培养方案,强化师资培养,完善创业实践平台,为区域经济建设和社会发展培养应用型、复合型、创新型人才的有别于研究型大学的创业教育之路。 相似文献
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美国高校创业教育模式研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
美国高校创业教育的迅猛发展得益于其独特的创业教育模式。本文结合案例阐述了美国高校创业教育的三种典型模式,即聚焦模式、磁石模式和辐射模式。它们在发展过程中呈现了以特色为先导,力求多元发展;以校园创业文化建设为枢纽,推进高校整体革新;以创业教育中心为主要组织形式,提倡跨学科发展的特征,对我国创业教育的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
13.
MIT与沃里克大学:创业型大学运行模式的比较与启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,创业型大学概念被引入我国,但对其模式含义的理解却一直存有争议。本文通过对MIT和沃里克大学这两个典型案例的对比,认为知识和研究成果的商业化是创业型大学的主要特征,但由于不同大学的研究实力、经费渠道和文化背景不同,创业实现方式也有很大的不同。MIT的创业起点是知识,沃里克大学是社会需要;MIT采用主导式的创业战略,沃里克大学采用变革式的创业战略;MIT是"自下而上"的服务型创业方式,沃里克大学是"自上而下"的公司型创业方式;MIT采用的是事业部制的组织结构,沃里克大学采用直线职能制的组织机构。从借鉴的意义看,MIT的创业模式适合于研究型大学,沃里克大学则适合于非研究型大学。对于那些有意向创业型大学迈进的我国地方高校,其运行模式应该以应用研究为起点、以本地区产业发展为服务对象,采用"自上而下"的统一创业文化,创建集学术和创业于一体的组织架构。 相似文献
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创业型大学与创业教育有着天然的渊源。创业教育是创业型大学的应有之举,创业型大学为创业教育提供了得天独厚的发展优势,二者的有效融合是创业教育与大学创业行为可持续发展的关键。创建创业型大学是高职院校转型发展的理性选择之一,必须不失时机地建立“创业中心”和“创业实体”,完善与专业相结合的创业教育课程体系,建设创业型师资队伍,推进创业教育再上新台阶。 相似文献
15.
Traditionally, and from a Humboltian perspective, research was conceived as an important part of the tripartite mission of universities, with teaching and services to the community being the other two. The traditional idea of universities as cultural and social institutions is increasingly being replaced by another: the entrepreneurial, capitalist or, even, industrial university. In the new university, research also changes in line with the economic instrumentality of higher education. In this article, we shall analyse if these new ideas were institutionalised in Portuguese public universities. To do this, we analyse the way in which research is signified in communication processes by analysing the content of universities' websites. In the main webpages, the dominant implicit social meaning of research seems to be a traditional one. However, a more specific analysis reveals the presence of entrepreneurial elements. In Portuguese public universities, creating and commercialising intellectual property could be an institutional objective, but it was not used in the web communication as such. One could say that, despite the New Public Management influences on universities, the idea of research as an entrepreneurial issue was not yet completely institutionalised and, consequently, communication tools such as websites showed hybrid meanings of research. 相似文献
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从国际经验来看,一所成功的创业型大学,都有至少一个成功的科技园区.相对于科研生产平台、科研管理平台来说,科技园区平台更能体现创业型大学的组织特性.我国创业型大学建设科技园区,需要关注三点:聚焦优势学科,突出特色办园;完善配套服务,形成产业链条;凸显教育属性,打造人才基地.应该说,突出某个创业学科高峰是地方院校推进创业型大学建设的主导路径,形成产业群落是创业型大学建设创业园区的普遍规律,凸显人才培养特性是创业型大学建设创业园区的基本要求. 相似文献
17.
Similar to other European countries, the introduction of non-academic, especially managerial, criteria in higher education has shaped and altered Austrian universities since over a decade. This paper presents the results of a frame analysis of Austrian higher education debates from 1993 until 2010. It outlines how reforms in higher education were prepared and enhanced by a new policy discourse, with a special focus on the way gender equality is framed in reform debates. Our article describes three core frames: ‘from local to global’, ‘from ivory tower to business’ and ‘from civil servant to excellence’. We cluster these three frames around imaginations of space that are embedded in the normative foundations of academia, and discuss how this links up with arguments for gender equality. We furthermore propose to analytically separate two conceptions of the university: the ‘entrepreneurial’ and the ‘managerial’ university. 相似文献
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西方国家大学权力的分配与控制,从中世纪的意大利开始,经由英、法、德而至美国,既因时空不同而有别,又有其变迁传承的内在逻辑。从总体来看,西方大学权力模式的变迁是为适应社会发展和增强自身活力,寻求最优化权力配置、实现自主发展的过程。在调整权力关系、优化权力配置的过程中,逐步形成了以意、法、德三国为代表的政府和教授权力相对强势、院校权力相对弱势的欧陆模式,政府、高校、教授权力相对均衡的英国模式以及院校权力相对强势、政府和教授权力相对弱势的美国模式,表现出学术权与行政权并存,教授治校与教授治学共在,政府有限控制与大学有限自治制衡,校内自主权与校外参与权相结合的四大特征。 相似文献
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LUKAS GRAF 《European Journal of Education》2009,44(4):569-585
In recent years, the global market for higher education has expanded rapidly, while internationalisation strategies have been developed at university, national and European levels to increase the competitiveness of higher education institutions. This article asks how institutional settings prevailing in national models of capitalism motivate distinct national approaches with regard to the internationalisation, globalisation, and Europeanisation of higher education systems. While the university is defined as an organisational actor embedded in the higher education system, the higher education system itself represents an institutional subsystem within the national model of capitalism. An analytical framework is then developed on the basis of the Varieties of Capitalism approach to compare the internationalisation of German and British universities. Findings indicate that the relations between the various actors involved in the internationalisation of universities are based largely on market coordination in the British case. In contrast, this process in Germany relies more on strategic interactions between the various organisational actors in higher education. The development paths in the internationalisation of universities are found to be influenced by and reflect the specific mode of coordination in the respective higher education system and the national model of capitalism more generally. This comparative case study shows that recent conceptions of path dependence as well as conceptual tools developed in the Varieties of Capitalism literature, such as institutional complementarity and comparative institutional advantage, may be fruitfully applied to research on institutional change in higher education systems. 相似文献