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《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2020,(1)
目的:天然沉积的结构性软土分布广泛,但能考虑结构性影响的大应变固结理论鲜有报道。本文考虑结构屈服压力随初始有效应力的变化及土体结构性对压缩与渗透特性的影响,建立结构性软土的大应变固结模型。研究结构性及初始有效应力对大应变固结性状的影响,并探讨结构性软土大、小应变固结性状的差异,以提高软土固结计算的精准度。创新点:1.建立考虑天然沉积软土结构性影响的一维大应变固结模型,且该模型能考虑结构屈服压力随初始有效应力的变化;2.分析天然结构性软土大、小应变固结性状的差异,为实际工程中的软土固结计算提供理论依据。方法:1.总结结构性软土对压缩和渗透特性的影响及结构屈服压力与初始有效应力间的关系;2.通过理论推导,构建考虑结构性影响的软体一维大应变固结模型(公式(15)和(16));3.通过对模型进行数值求解,分析软土结构性对大应变固结性状的影响,以及考虑结构性影响的大、小应变固结性状的差异。结论:1.大应变假定下结构性软土中超静孔压的消散速率要比小应变假定下快,且这种差异随着土层应变增大而增大;当应变值超过15%时必须采用大应变假定。2.如果土层的初始有效应力计算方法相同,则大、小应变不同假定下土层的最终沉降值是相同的。3.相同几何假定下,初始有效应力计算方法对超静孔压消散速率几乎无影响,但对沉降变形影响明显。4.大、小应变假定下固结性状间的差异随结构屈服压力的增大而减小。 相似文献
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金耀华 《扬州职业大学学报》2007,11(4):37-41
通过正常固结饱和粘性土的三轴固结不排水试验,分析了在正常固结饱和粘性土在三轴固结不排水应力路径下考虑土应力应变非线性的孔隙水压力方程,根据有效应力路径唯一性原理,推导出适用于其他应力路径下正常固结饱和粘性土的孔隙水压力方程,并通过一个工程实例验证方程的工程实用性。 相似文献
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郑军锋 《福建工程学院学报》2019,(4):307-313
对新建兴泉铁路黄塘车站挤密螺纹桩复合地基的桩、土沉降及应力进行监测,分析了路堤荷载下桩、土沉降及差异沉降变化规律,桩土应力比与差异沉降关系。结果表明:桩、土沉降及差异沉降均随路堤填土高度的增加而呈线性增大;桩顶和桩间土应力随路堤填土高度的增加均不断增大,且桩顶应力大于桩间土应力;桩土应力比随着桩土差异沉降的增加先增加后减小,最终趋于稳定。结合修正的Terzaghi土拱理论提出了简化桩土应力比随桩土差异沉降变化曲线。现场试验分析结果有助于完善挤密螺纹桩复合地基设计理论,为工程实践提供一定的参考。 相似文献
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钱塘江吹填土的沉淀特性研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
钱塘江标准塘Ⅴ期的吹填土的颗粒分析曲线和沉淀试验显示：对粉土来讲，干密度、沉积的快慢与含水量没有明显关系；级配较好的土，沉积后的干密度较大；土的自重在欠固结土中发挥着重要作用。 相似文献
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重塑黄土抗拉特性研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过单轴拉伸试验,研究重塑黄土的拉伸特性.结果表明:在单轴拉应力作用下重塑黄土的应力应变曲线为应变硬化型,试样的破坏表现为脆性破坏.初始含水率对重塑黄土抗拉强度的影响极其显著,在干密度一定时,抗拉强度随初始含水率的增大呈先增后减的趋势,抗拉强度的最大值并非是土样最优含水量对应的值;干密度对重塑黄土抗拉强度有重要影响,抗拉强度随干密度的增大而增大;试样破坏时的极限拉应变随含水率的增大呈现先减小后增大的变化规律. 相似文献
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周宏伟秦礼友叶世集林上顺 《福建工程学院学报》2019,(6):524-531
通过大变形有限元分析,对下伏土洞加筋地基条形荷载下应力扩散的作用机理和沉降进行研究,分析了条形基础置于土体上的土体附加应力扩散、土洞区内应力及沉降变化规律。结果表明,土洞区内出现应力集中,下伏土洞地基沉降主要是由于土洞区内软弱土体变形造成。加筋体会增强应力扩散从而减小沉降,加筋体长度和埋深均存在最佳值;多层加筋较单层加筋更利于应力扩散,且层间会出现未完全拱形应力集中区域;相同加筋范围,层数增大对应力扩散影响较小,增大加筋范围更有助于应力扩散。 相似文献
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应用离散单元法研究了颗粒土试样在传统三轴压缩、平面应变和直剪3种不同荷载条件及不同初始条件下的变形破坏特性,从微观角度分析了不同条件下颗粒土试样变形的根本物理机理.对不同初始孔隙比、不同围压、不同荷载条件下的试样变形和破坏进行了数值模拟计算分析.结果表明,离散单元法可以准确反映试样的变形情况和局部应变等特性.通过对微观颗粒行为包括颗粒旋转和颗粒平移及局部孔隙率的研究,从细微观角度解释了不同条件下试样的变形特性和局部应变的产生机理,结果显示,荷载条件是影响试样变形破坏模式的重要因素,土的微观行为特性是其宏观表现特性的根本的内在物理原因. 相似文献
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研究表明心墙土石坝水力劈裂发生时,坝壳与心墙的弹模比和心墙的泊松比存在着临界关系.而该关系式为理论计算,缺少实际工程的论证.文章对踏卡河某水电站的心墙上游面的水压力和总应力进行三维有限元分析,得出该水电站水压力小于总应力,不会发生水力劈裂,与利用临界关系式计算结果一致,从而论证临界关系式的正确性.由于该临界条件较三维有限元计算简单方便,可以为心墙土石坝水利劈裂初步设计提供参考. 相似文献
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Based on the characteristics of 1D waves,the stress uniformity process in specimens under different loading conditions of rectangular and half-sine input waves was analyzed in split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) test.The results show that the times of an elastic wave propa-gating from one end to the other in a specimen to attain stress equilibrium,is related to input wave-forms and relative mechanical impedance between the specimen and the input/output bars.Here-into,with the increae of the relative impedance,the times decreases under rectangular input waves loading,while it increases under half-sine input wave loading.The dimensionless stress value of specimen corresponding to the status of stress equilibrium increases with the increase of the rela-tive mechanical impedance.However,the dimensionless stress value under half-sine input wave loading is significantly lower than the value under rectangular input wave loading for specimen with low mechanical impedance,and the relative differentia of the dimensionless stress values under two loading conditions decreases with the increase of the relative mechanical impedance.In gen-eral,the forced state of specimen with relatively low mechanical impedance under half-sine input wave loading is evidently superior to the state under rectangular input wave loading in SHPB test,and the advantages of forced state under half-sine input wave loading turns weak with the increase of the relative mechanical impedance. 相似文献
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There exists a critical cyclic stress ratio when sand or clay is subjected to cyclic loading. It is an index distinguishing stable state or failure state. The soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus developed by Dalian University of Technology in China was employed to perform different types of tests on saturated soft marine clay in the Yangtze estuary. Undisturbed samples were subjected to undrained cyclic vertical and torsional coupling shear and cyclic torsional shear after three-directional anisotropic consolidation with different initial consolidation parameters. The effects of initial orientation angle of major principal stress, initial ratio of deviatoric stress, initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress and stress mode of cyclic shear on the critical cyclic stress ratio were investigated. It is found that the critical cyclic stress ratio decreases significantly with increasing initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress. Compared with the effects of the initial orientation angle of major principal stress and initial ratio of deviatoric stress, the effect of initial coefficient of intermediate principal stress is less evident. Under the same consolidation condition, the critical cyclic stress ratio from the cyclic coupling shear test is lower than that from the cyclic torsional shear test, indicating that the stress mode of cyclic shear has an obvious effect on the critical cyclic stress ratio. The main reason is that the continuous rotation in principal stress directions during cyclic coupling shear damages the original structure of soil more than the cyclic torsional shear does. 相似文献
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Junaidi Syarif Agung Iswadi Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali Zainuddin Sajuri Mohd Zaidi Omar 《浙江大学学报(A卷英文版)》2013,14(12):906-914
The effect of solute Cu and Cu precipitates on the wear behavior of ferritic iron under an unlubricated condition was investigated. The specific wear rate of Cu-containing steel abruptly decreased up to 50 N of load, and then gradually decreased with further increased load. The specific wear rate of the as-quenched specimen, in which Cu was in a solid solution, was the lowest among all the specimens at low loads, and all specimens had almost the same specific wear rate at high loads. Subsurface observation showed that the hardness increments of all specimens decreased with increased depth below the worn surface. The as-quenched specimen had a relatively large depth of deformed region than the other specimens even though the increments in hardness were almost the same for all specimens at low loads. With the same hardness at an unworn state, the as-quenched and over-aged specimens exhibited a substantial increase in hardness and large deformed regions below the worn surfaces. This finding indicated that the enhancement in plastic deformation and work hardening led to the decrease in the specific wear rate of the as-quenched specimen at low loads and the improvement in the wear resistance of all specimens at high loads. 相似文献
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大骨料混凝土在双轴压应力状态下的变形和强度试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用大连理工大学自行研制改造的液压伺服静、动态三轴试验系统对不同骨料级配和尺寸的混凝土试件在双向压荷载作用下的变形和强度特性进行了试验研究.试验所用试件有3种:采用大坝原级配最大骨料粒径为80 mm的立方体试件以及相应的湿筛混凝土试件,尺寸分别为250mm×250mm×250 mm,150 mm×150 mm×150 mm和100 mm×100 mm×100 mm.试验过程中,测得了所有试件两个加载方向的应力和应变,以及未加载方向上的侧向变形,并根据试验结果,系统地探讨了不同级配混凝土的双轴抗压强度、极限变形、应力-应变曲线以及破坏形态的变化规律,发现大骨料混凝土在双轴压作用下的极限强度和变形能力要比相应的湿筛小骨料混凝土提高的更多,最后分别在主应力空间和主应变空间建立了不同级配混凝土的破坏准则,这为水工大体积混凝土按多轴强度理论进行设计提供了试验依据. 相似文献
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Constitutive model of saturated soft clay with cyclic loads under unconsolidated undrained condition
An equivalent visco-elastic model of saturated soft clay was studied under unconsolidated undrained (UU) condition, which can be used to evaluate the stability of ocean foundation. Cyclic triaxial compression and extension tests were conducted to study the parameters of the model. Results showed that the relationships of the damping ratio and the octahedral shear modulus with the octahedral cyclic shear strain were nearly unique, when the initial octahedral shear stress ratios of specimens were equal to 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7. The relationships of the damping ratio and the octahedral shear modulus with the octahedral cyclic shear strain determined from the cyclic triaxial compression tests were basically the same as those determined from the cyclic triaxial extension tests. Furthermore, the relationships were not related to the initial stress condition, the test stress state and the octahedral cyclic shear stress ratio. The relationships determined from the cyclic triaxial tests under no deviatoric stress were basically the same as those determined from the cyclic triaxial tests under deviatoric stress. The change of the octahedral cyclic accumulative strain with the number of cycles was unique under different tests stress states. An equivalent visco-elastic constitutive model of saturated soft clay under UU condition was initially established. 相似文献
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Influences affecting the soil-water characteristic curve 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
INTRODUCTION The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) gives the relationship between the amount of water in the soil (i.e. gravimetric or volumetric water content) and soil suction (i.e. matric suction at low suction and total suction at high suction). Many properties of a partially saturated soil such as the coefficient of permeability, shear strength and volume strain, pore size distribution, the amount of water contained in the pores at any suction, can be obtained from the SWCC. … 相似文献
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Pressurized bentonite slurry is applied on a tunnel face to form a filter cake to stabilize the tunnel face when the slurry shield excavates through the sandy soil. Failure of the tunnel face may be caused by a high permeable filter cake, which commonly has a long penetration distance of slurry in sands. A column system with a height of 680 mm and a diameter of 300 mm was developed to model pressurized slurry infiltration in sands. Pressure transducers were installed to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the filter cake during slurry infiltration. The electrical conductivity of the leachate of collected samples was measured. Results show that the majority of fine particles in slurry are within the range 100–300 mm into the sand specimen. The time for forming an impermeable filter cake is about 300 s, which indicates the impermeable filter cake is hard to form during the excavation. 相似文献
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The analyses of finite deformation and stress for a hyperelastic rectangular plate with some voids under an uniaxial extension were conducted. The governing differential equations were given from the incompressibility condition of the material. The solution was approximately obtained from the minimum potential energy principle. The growth of voids was discussed. One can see that an initial central circular-cylinder void becomes an elliptic-cylinder void, but an initial non-centeral circular-cylinder void becomes an elliptic-like cylinder void and the center of void has a shift. The stress distributions along the edges of voids were given and the phenomenon of stress concentration was observed. The influences of the distribution manner and size of voids, as well as the distance between them on the growth of voids were analyzed. 相似文献