共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
共情是与人们日常生活紧密相连的一种心理现象。自闭症儿童的共情能力在其发展中至关重要,但是自闭症儿童共情能力却存在一定的缺失,文章对自闭症儿童共情能力的影响因素进行探讨。 相似文献
2.
自闭症儿童模仿能力的研究进展 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
半个世纪以来,国外学者在自闭症儿童模仿能力的研究,尤其是近十年来有关模仿的认知研究和脑神经科学研究方面取得了许多新的有价值成果.在回顾和分析这些结果的基础上,我们认为:在行为水平上,模仿缺陷是自闭症儿童的主要障碍特征;在认知理论上,自我-他人投射理论是解释自闭症儿童模仿缺陷的最简洁假设;在神经机制上,镜像神经系统的机能障碍可能是造成自闭谱系儿童模仿缺陷的生理机制. 相似文献
3.
4.
对他人面部表情的识别是一种重要的心理能力和社交技巧。自闭症儿童在识别他人面部表情时有一定困难,影响了他们的社会交往,因而对自闭症儿童面部表情识别的干预非常必要。通过对自闭症儿童面部表情识别干预的已有研究进行梳理分析,总结了两大类干预方法:一是社会技能课程干预技术,即将面部表情识别作为社交技能的一部分,通过社交技能训练课程,如角色扮演游戏,改善自闭症面部表情识别能力;二是情绪识别干预技术,即设计专门的情绪识别课程或软件改善自闭症儿童面部表情识别能力。最后指出已有研究存在的问题及其发展趋势。 相似文献
5.
共情是在区分自我和他人的基础上对他人情绪的体验和理解,共情既是一种人格特质,也是一种心理过程。共情的结构和功能是近年来发展心理学、比较心理学、社会心理学和认知神经科学等多个领域的研究焦点之一。共情不是一个单维的心理结构,而是包含着自下而上的情绪分享过程和自上而下的认知调节过程。情绪分享过程是刺激驱动的自动化的过程,而认知调节过程会对情绪分享过程产生调节作用,两个过程既彼此独立又互相作用,以确保个体社会适应的灵活性。两个过程的不平衡可能会导致社会适应问题,甚至引发心理疾病。 相似文献
6.
共情是发生在人际互动过程中的一种心理现象,包括情绪感染、同情关注以及观点采择共情三个层次,涉及"自下而上"的情绪分享和"自上而下"的认知调节两个过程,是利他行为的直接动机。儿童的共情发展遵循一定规律并在性别和情感类型上有不同表现,发展儿童的共情有助于促进利他行为的表现。 相似文献
7.
情绪认知能力是一种重要的心理能力和社交技巧.自闭症儿童在识别他人面部表情上的障碍影响了他们的社会功能,成为鉴别自闭症的重要指标之一,因此,自闭症儿童情绪认知能力的测评开发有助于对自闭症儿童的临床诊断和治疗.现有的研究从神经科学、心理学和教育学等多个领域揭示儿童情绪认知的特点和规律,但对自闭症儿童的情绪识别能力的测量涉及较少,有待进一步尝试和探寻. 相似文献
8.
面孔识别是视知觉加工的一项重要研究领域,也是一种重要的心理能力和社交技巧。自闭症儿童在识别他人面部表情时具有一定困难,影响了他们的社会交往。首先对自闭症视知觉研究进行了简要介绍,在此基础上对新近自闭症儿童面孔识别的实证研究进行了梳理,最后通过与正常控制组儿童的对比,分类综述了自闭症儿童面孔加工的典型特点,并针对自闭症儿童面孔认知加工与其症状关系中尚存的问题进行了思考。 相似文献
9.
通过运用人际反应性指标量表调查江苏、江西四所高职院校学生共情心理发展状况,发现高职学生认知共情发展较好,而情绪共情发展较差.高职学生性别、学习专业以及家庭教养方式会影响其情绪共情的发展水平.在调查研究的基础上对高职院校发展学生共情心理,改善高职学生人际关系提出了有益的建议. 相似文献
10.
自闭症儿童的面部表情识别是情绪理解重要前提,与包括背景性质、眼部、嘴部的信息和表情信息等存在紧密的联系。目前对自闭症儿童面部表情识别的研究刚起步,各个方面的研究存在争议和矛盾,仍有许多研究领域尚未被涉及。文章仅在探讨国内相关研究的基础上,对当前自闭症儿童面部表情识别的研究取得的成果和有待解决的问题进行了评价和总结,并就自闭症儿童干预方面提出了建议。 相似文献
11.
本实验比较了12位自闭症谱系儿童和12位年龄及非语言智商匹配的聋童、12位年龄及语言智商匹配的智力障碍儿童手势模仿能力.研究发现:(1)自闭症谱系儿童手部模仿能力明显落后于聋童,略高于智力障碍儿童;(2)身体部位定向的困难可能是自闭症谱系儿童无意义手势模仿的主要障碍;(3)运用自我一他人投射理论可以有效地解释自闭症谱系儿童的模仿缺陷和特异性的错误类型. 相似文献
12.
通过对重度自闭症儿童进行＂语言前技能训练、模仿训练、理解训练和表达训练＂四个阶段的语言康复训练,发现个案逐步能开口发音,呈现主动与人交往的意向,其注意力、模仿能力、社会适应能力均有所改善。此个案对自闭症儿童语言能力提高训练的可行性研究提供借鉴。 相似文献
13.
14.
共情是一种积极的情感反应,是幼儿亲社会行为产生的重要内在动机,梳理近二十年来国内外幼儿共情研究文献,分析现有研究的成果与不足,以期为未来幼儿共情研究提出方向与展望。 相似文献
15.
Being a parent's eyes and ears: emotional literacy and empathy of children whose parents have a sensory disability 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 Sigal Eden Shlomo Romi Einat Braun Aviyashar 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2017,17(4):257-264
Children of parents with sensory disability may feel that their experience helped nurture their sense of empathy. The study was designed to examine the connection between parents’ sensory disability (visual disability to blindness and hearing disability to deafness) and the empathy and emotional literacy of their non‐sensory‐disabled children. Participants were 77 children aged 7–17 – 37 children of parents with a sensory disability and 40 children of parents with no such disability. Questionnaires to check empathy and emotional literacy were accompanied by a demographic questionnaire. Findings revealed that levels of empathy and emotional awareness of others (a measure of emotional literacy) were higher among children of parents with a sensory disability than among children of parents without a disability. The results expand the literature on that subject and shed light on the important issues of empathy and emotional literacy in families with disability. 相似文献
16.
This study compares the ability of nonretarded autistic children (9-16 years of age) with the ability of normally developing children (9-14 years of age) to discriminate between various emotional states, to take the perspective of another regarding emotional states, and to respond affectively. The children's understanding of conservation was also assessed. While the children with autism did surprisingly well on the empathy-related measures, they performed less well than the normal children on these measures and on conservation. There was a closer association between cognitive abilities and affective understanding in the group of autistic children than in the control group. 相似文献
17.
Jason J. Barr 《Educational studies》2011,37(3):365-369
This research examined the relationship between teachers’ empathy and perceptions of their school’s culture. Teachers’ ability to change their school’s culture might be limited by their inability to interpret and respond appropriately to student behaviour. As teachers’ empathic abilities increase, it seems likely that they would be better able to understand and respond appropriately to their students. Teachers’ perspective‐taking was positively associated with their positive perceptions of student–peer relations, school norms and educational opportunities. Teachers’ personal distress was negatively related to student–peer relations. Empathy was unrelated to student–teacher relations. It is postulated that it takes more than just empathy to be able to negotiate the complex relationship between student and teacher. With teacher training programmes currently focusing on teacher dispositions, such programmes need to focus more on training future teachers to recognise and exercise their cognitive and emotional empathic capacities. 相似文献
18.
19.
Word reading skills and reading‐related language and cognitive correlates were examined in Swedish 10–15‐year‐olds with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The full group with ASD did not differ statistically from an age‐matched comparison group in word reading, but a poor‐readers subgroup was identified who displayed severe difficulties. Normal readers with ASD did not differ from the comparison group in nonverbal ability, phonological processing, rapid naming or receptive vocabulary. The poor subgroup performed, however, below on all measures except nonverbal ability. When poor readers with ASD were matched for reading level with younger controls, no difference was found on any reading‐related skill. No significant correlation was furthermore found between autistic symptomatology and word reading within the ASD group. It is concluded that the pattern of individual differences in word reading among children with ASD conforms well to that seen in children without ASD of normal or delayed reading abilities. 相似文献