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1.
《Government Information Quarterly》2020,37(3):101480
In election times, political parties promise in their manifestos to pass reforms increasing access to government information to root out corruption and improve public service delivery. Scholars have already offered several fascinating explanations of why governments adopt transparency policies that constrain their choices. However, knowledge of their impacts is limited. Does greater access to information deliver on its promises as an anti-corruption policy? While some research has already addressed this question in relation to freedom of information laws, the emergence of new digital technologies enabled new policies, such as open government data. Its effects on corruption remain empirically underexplored due to its novelty and a lack of measurements. In this article, I provide the first empirical study of the relationship between open government data, relative to FOI laws, and corruption. I propose a theoretical framework, which specifies conditions necessary for FOI laws and open government data to affect corruption levels, and I test it on a novel cross-country dataset. The results suggest that the effects of open government data on corruption are conditional upon the quality of media and internet freedom. Moreover, other factors, such as free and fair elections, independent and accountable judiciary, or economic development, are far more critical for tackling corruption than increasing access to information. These findings are important for policies. In particular, digital transparency reforms will not yield results in the anti-corruption fight unless robust provisions safeguarding media and internet freedom complement them. 相似文献
2.
Cable in the Classroom (CIC) is the cable industry's education foundation and has been active in the fields of media and information literacy for more than fifteen years. This article explains media literacy and its connection to information literacy, details CIC's work in these areas, and describes related resources available on CIC's Web site (http://www.ciconline.org). Finally, the article examines digital citizenship, a new term encompassing teaching youth about Internet safety, media and information literacy, and digital ethics that is generating attention in education policy circles. 相似文献
3.
论媒介认知能力的建构与发展 总被引：17，自引：0，他引：17
随着信息时代的来临 ,媒介已成为人们最重要的知识来源之一 ,正是在这种大背景下 ,西方近年来兴起了媒介认知能力运动。媒介认知能力指的是获取、分析、评价与传播各种形式的信息的能力 ,它不仅包含了获取信息、分析信息、评价信息及传播信息这四个要素 ,更可以进一步划分为媒介信息认知与媒介社会认知两个层面。本文还同时探讨了与媒介认知能力运动有关的各种争论 ,并指出依据国情在国内开展具有中国特色的媒介教育的迫切性 相似文献
4.
[目的/意义]以个体媒介与信息素养为基础探究企业知识创新支撑路径，为推动企业知识创新提供新的视角和具体方式。[方法/过程]首先对大数据时代的数据、信息和知识内涵进行辨析，同时结合其整体关联性对媒介与信息素养和知识创新进行理论梳理与分析，然后以媒介与信息素养的3个维度为依据，通过相应案例分析探究企业知识创新支撑路径，并提出相应对策和措施。[结果/结论]研究表明：信息需求意识、新媒体技术应用能力和数据信息整合能力是企业进行知识创新的支撑路径，其中对信息的需求意识是知识创新的基础来源，新媒体技术的应用能力是知识创新的重要手段，数据信息整合是完成知识创新的必要过程。 相似文献
5.
引入媒介素养教育,优化信息素养教育 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
探索信息素养教育与媒介素养教育的结合点,积极寻求新的教育方法和教育平台,以推进媒介素养教育的普及并探索信息素养教育的发展。 相似文献
6.
《Qualitative Research Reports in Communication》2013,14(1):10-18
In this study the author considers the perceptions of university faculty members regarding media literacy education at the university level. Data from faculty interviews (N = 16) suggest that faculty members across multiple disciplines feel that it is important for university students to develop media literacy competencies. Nevertheless, faculty members fell into three categories regarding the extent to which they address media literacy: willing, unwilling because of systemic factors, and unwilling because of personal factors. An exploration of these categories demonstrates the challenges associated with addressing media literacy competencies within higher education. 相似文献
7.
校外访问代理软件的分析与比较 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
校外访问是图书馆基于互联网而开展的一种新型的电子资源服务方式。校外访问能够通过代理软件来实现，其原理就是将校外访问用户的IP地址虚拟成校园网内部的私有IP地址。本文将对能够实现校外访问的三种较为典型的代理软件，即EZproxy、ISA Server（VPN）和Squid进行分析与比较，旨在对我国图书馆同行开展校外访问服务能够起到一定的抉择和指导作用。 相似文献
8.
当前我国网络舆情发展呈现如下态势：舆情热点事件不断攀升、各种社会思潮网上争鸣、网络信息管理渐入法制性轨道、社交媒体的链式传播趋于独立。在“三位一体”的互联网信息管理工作格局下,我国舆情信息工作形成了纵向、横向与协作的网格状运行体系。在新形势下,我国网络舆情信息工作面临诸多挑战,如舆情信息协调不畅,舆情工作发展不平衡,舆情信息分析不准确,舆情研判市场不规范等。由此,建议加强网络舆情工作者的政治素养培育,完善网络舆情工作机制建设,拓展网络舆情工作科学研究领域。 相似文献
9.
Lauren H. Mandel Bradley Wade Bishop Charles R. McClure John Carlo Bertot Paul T. Jaeger 《Government Information Quarterly》2010
U.S. public libraries provide free public internet services to the communities that they serve, but require robust, high-speed broadband internet connections to continue meeting public demands. The 2008–2009 Public Library Funding & Technology Access Study (PLFTAS) illustrates challenges that public libraries encounter in achieving broadband connectivity and equipment upgrades, and maintaining acceptable levels of services as they meet continually increasing internet-enabled service demands. This article: 1) analyzes the ability of public libraries to serve as a community-based public internet access point in the context of limited funding and access to telecommunications services and equipment; 2) discusses key policy issues that affect the provision of public library internet-enabled services through broadband; 3) provides recommendations for policy makers to include libraries as part of a larger national-level telecommunications policy; and 4) identifies a number of topics and issues that need further investigation and research in this shifting policy environment. 相似文献
10.
《International Information and Library Review》2000,32(1):1-38
Why, in the last 5 years, have at least three European organizations — the Council of Europe, the European Parliament and the European Commission — devoted so many studies, investigations and, finally, policy documents to library policy and legislation? The answer is in the enlarged scope for library and information work and in the new emerging factors that are permeating its policy and planning. These factors are: convergence, globalization and participation.The author examines the four areas in which library and information planners are called to focus their policies — freedom of expression and free access to information, libraries within national information policies, libraries and the knowledge industries, and the protection of library heritage — and how these areas are covered by policy documents, in particular by the recently issued Council of Europe/EBLIDA Guidelines on library legislation and policy in Europe. 相似文献
11.
Fadel Jamil Klaib 《International Information and Library Review》2013,45(3):173-183
This study aims to investigate the resources and methods used in information instruction provided at private university libraries in Jordan. It also investigates trends among Zarqa Private University students towards the achievement of its objectives. Data was collected via two questionnaires. The population of the study consisted of 19 administrators of private university libraries; 14 of them (73.7%) responded positively to the study, and of 600 first year students who were in the first semester of the academic year 2007/2008, 512 of them (85.3%) responded positively. Study findings have revealed that information literacy instruction programmes are not comprehensive in all target libraries. No more than five (35.7%) of the responding libraries offer the required lectures that inform students about the importance of libraries and libraries’ departments, the practical training of online access to databases through internet, or training on the usage of periodical indexes. The curricula offered by more than 78.6% of the respondents lacked courses or exercises that support library usage. Findings of “information literacy instruction programmes offered to students of Zarqa Private University, reveal that the programmes concentrate on theoretical aspects more than practical aspects. This study introduces some recommendations related to its findings. 相似文献
12.
论流媒体时代的挑战与电视生存 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
流媒体技术的出现使音频文件在网络媒体中的顺利传播成为现实,从而使网络媒体对于电视媒体的直接竞争开始突现.本文以"流媒体时代"下的电视媒体为考察对象,分析了流媒体带给网络媒体的新变化、电视节目媒体所面临的挑战、生存机会,并提出了电视节目媒体的生存对策. 相似文献
13.
This study aims to investigate the resources and methods used in information instruction provided at private university libraries in Jordan. It also investigates trends among Zarqa Private University students towards the achievement of its objectives. Data was collected via two questionnaires. The population of the study consisted of 19 administrators of private university libraries; 14 of them (73.7%) responded positively to the study, and of 600 first year students who were in the first semester of the academic year 2007/2008, 512 of them (85.3%) responded positively. Study findings have revealed that information literacy instruction programmes are not comprehensive in all target libraries. No more than five (35.7%) of the responding libraries offer the required lectures that inform students about the importance of libraries and libraries’ departments, the practical training of online access to databases through internet, or training on the usage of periodical indexes. The curricula offered by more than 78.6% of the respondents lacked courses or exercises that support library usage. Findings of “information literacy instruction programmes offered to students of Zarqa Private University, reveal that the programmes concentrate on theoretical aspects more than practical aspects. This study introduces some recommendations related to its findings. 相似文献
14.
2010年,我国新媒体传播研究在理论和现实的碰撞之中走过了繁荣而喧闹的一年,在些许研究泡沫之下涌现出了许多值得关注的观点,而新媒体传播领域的融合和治理等问题则成为这年研究者关注的重要主题。本文对我国2010年新媒体传播研究的总体进展进行了回顾和分析,认为这年新媒体传播研究的主题主要集中在微博客、三网融合、手机媒体和网络治理等方面,而理论界和业界不同类型研究者所发出的种种相互冲突的声音,则在某种程度上说明这一时期束缚我国新媒体发展的固有观念、局部利益和体制因素依旧存在,与此同时也说明我国新媒体传播研究的多元化和复杂性正在随着媒介融合和产业融合进程的深入而日益凸显。 相似文献
15.
Public access to government records is essential for democratic self-governance, and attitudes toward that right can facilitate or hinder public policy regarding transparency. As more people use the internet for gathering information about their governments and communities, it is unknown whether such online information-seeking is related to increased support for government transparency and the right to request public records. This paper applies a uses and gratification theory approach to examine internet information use and its relation to support for citizen and press access to government records. Three U.S. studies examined media-use correlates with support for government transparency: a paper questionnaire survey of college students (N = 614), an online survey (N = 1819), and a random-digit-dial telephone survey of randomly selected U.S. adults (N = 403). Analyses indicated varying results for television and newspaper use, but in all three datasets reliance on the internet for information was positively associated with support for access to public records. Implications for government transparency in a society increasingly reliant on the internet for information are discussed. 相似文献
16.
As long as scholars have studied media, issues of access have been of great concern. Recent advancements in digital technology have framed disparities in access within the digital divide research and knowledge gap frameworks. While early digital divide research looked at access, more recent research has focused on how media are used differently across populations. The current research extends this literature by examining media expectancies across ethnic subgroups for a broad range of media (i.e., local newspapers, national newspapers, network television, cable television, radio, magazines, and Internet). Data indicate expectancies differ among African Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics. 相似文献
17.
Craig Robertson 《The Communication Review》2014,17(2):69-90
This article uses the problems associated with citizenship verification in U.S. government health insurance programs to argue that paper needs to be analyzed as a media technology. To examine paper as a media technology is to ask, “How does paper work?” and “What are the rules and habits that enable paper to be used in paperwork?” To consider paper as a media technology, this article makes 2 arguments. First, it argues that there is a set of skills and knowledge associated with paper documents that need to be recognized as a distinct form of literacy. Second, this article argues that the relation between paper and identity is an argument about the materiality of information. In focusing on how paper facilitates the materialization of information, this case study illustrates how distinct practices of use create specific relationships between technology and information that give information a distinct functional presence. 相似文献
18.
Paul M. Leonardi 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(2):160-179
Recent studies of new communication technologies have shown that broad terms such as “new media” are problematic. This study expands previous research by exploring how first-generation, working class United States Latino participants perceive and use new communication technologies in relation to their cultural values. Discussions generated across seven focus group sessions (N=78) about three common new communication technologies, 1) cell phones, 2) computers, and 3) the internet, showed that United States Latinos positioned the perceived usefulness of each communication technology differently, based upon their cultural values regarding good communication. In particular, participants discussed how cell phones provide an effective way to make interpersonal contact whereas computers and the internet were viewed as damaging to the communication necessary for good social relations. The findings show that this group of United States Latinos did not view new media as a homogeneous category, but instead had very distinct perceptions and ideas about the expected uses of cell phones, computers, and the internet in relation to their cultural values regarding communication. 相似文献
19.
从普适技能到嵌入实践——国外信息素养理论与实践回顾 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
20世纪70年代,在信息技术迅速发展和信息资源日益重要的背景下,信息素养概念产生。随后,美国图书馆界率先将书目指导业务转型为信息素养教育,信息素养也成为图书馆情报学的重要研究领域。本文主要依据国外信息素养领域文献及其他相关文献,对信息素养概念、理论、实践的演进进行了比较全面的分析和总结,旨在为国内同仁从全局角度理解国外信息素养领域的各种变化,提供线索和洞见。研究发现:国外信息素养领域对早期信息素养概念进行了四种不同性质的修正及两次颠覆性改变,引进和发展了多种相关理论,包括各种流派的建构主义学习理论、各种批判理论和实践理论,实施了不同路径的信息素养教育实践;这些相互影响的发展变化导致了三种信息素养范式的出现:普适技能范式、情境化能力范式和嵌入实践范式。通过对已有范式的反思,本文提出未来信息素养研究和实践应将培养持久的信息获取利用习惯纳入考量范围。 相似文献
20.
科研模式变革中的数据管理服务:实现开放获取、开放数据、开放科学的途径 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着信息技术的发展与普及,全球学术交流模式总体朝着开放获取的趋势发展,信息时代的科学活动需要更多的数据开放和共享。开放数据是公众参与科学、推动社会进步的必要条件。无论是对于图书馆工作还是对于信息服务、知识服务来说,科研模式的变革都是一种新的挑战。与此同时,在此背景下,也产生了一种新的机遇,即与科研数据管理相关的一系列新内容,包括:明确科研数据管理各利益方;明确数据管理服务的主要内容;塑造科研数据开放共享文化,开展各个利益相关者之间的数据对话;进行科学数据开放共享各个环节的政策研究;明确数据馆员发挥的作用和职业价值。表6。参考文献70。 相似文献