美国新保守主义公共教育议程的社会意识形态基础分析     

陈露茜 《清华大学教育研究》2011,32(5)

满足社会需求是实现社会生产的充分必要条件。教育政策的生产也是如此。只有产生了社会需求与政治需求,才有教育政策生产的充分性与必要性。20世纪60、70年代美国的三大社会运动——黑人权利运动、人本主义教育运动和新效能运动,为20世纪80年代新保守主义的复兴及其教育议程的形成铺垫了必要的社会需求,形成了新保守主义的公共教育议程,即构建以核心知识与共同文化为基础的全国课程;实现公共学校中的权力制衡;恢复公共学校中的祈祷制度。这赋予美国公共教育全新的品性——常识领域的集权与制度领域的放权,对美国教育产生了自公共学校运动以来最为重要的影响。  相似文献   

SA8000认证中的逆向选择机制及其矫正对策研究     

王华 《科技管理研究》2011,31(6)

企业在导入SA8000体系初期,由于多种原因的影响,将遭受利润损失,在同类产品市场也易出现"柠檬现象",呈现逆向选择情形.规避这种风险,需要完善信息传导机制,提高消费者的鉴别能力,以减少信息的不对称性.更重要的是政府要建立相应补偿机制,还要利用自己特殊的声誉和专业能力,发出具有公信力的"市场信号",既有利于企业突破交易中的信息障碍,弥补市场失灵,同时也有助于提升企业认证的积极性.  相似文献   

工作自主权对组织公民行为的影响机制     

刘德鹏  汪丽  易志高 《预测》2011,30(3)

组织公民行为是维护企业运行、提升运转效率的重要因素之一.已有的文献还未能深入探讨中国情景下如何有效激发企业组织公民行为这一课题.本文以中国企业的员工为样本,采用结构方程模型探讨工作自主权对激发组织公民行为的影响机制.研究表明:工作自主权与组织公民行为显著正相关;个体当责感和与组织联系在两者之间起完全中介作用.研究结果显示,中国企业要想激发员工的组织公民行为,应该首先提升员工个体的当责感和其与组织的联系,单独提高工作自主权难以真正激发组织公民行为.  相似文献   

中国NGO问责及其路径     

孔维红 《学会》2011,(3):31-34

伴随公民治理主体的日益多元化,中国NGO越来越多地承担了提供准公共物品的职能,因此有必要对中国NGO进行问责。文章就中国NGO问责中的"问"与"责"进行分析,并在此基础上从问责主体出发,以捐赠者为视角,对中国NGO问责的路径进行了探讨。捐赠者对中国NGO的问责属外部监督,是他律。中国NGO的健康发展,不仅需要他律,而且更需要自律,他律与自律的相互结合,促进中国NGO的良性运行,公益使命得到更好的倡导。  相似文献   

The Place of English Revisited     

Heather Wood 《Changing English: An International Journal of English Teaching》2014,21(1):3-13

In this essay I explore the constraints and opportunities confronting me as a newly qualified teacher and how these affect my pedagogy. I have reflected on my own development from beginning to newly qualified teacher and considered how such forces have shaped my identity as a teacher, my values and my approach to the job. As part of my exploration of my practice and the values I hold, I have revisited ‘The Place of English’, an essay I wrote midway through my Postgraduate Certificate in Education (PGCE) year; I have reconsidered how the current climate of educational reform and my subsequent experience have altered or strengthened these initial perceptions. In what follows I have reflected critically on two episodes of teaching and learning with my Year 10 class, my most challenging group, in order to further understand the way in which I have responded to the responsibilities and pressures placed on a classroom teacher. These pressures, I suggest, are intensified by the preconceptions of age and gender within my school and implicit more widely in the traditional values of our culture. The fragments of my practice that I have explored reveal tensions that gesture at a gap between educational theory, first-hand professional experience and governmental policy. They present an argument to resist the temptations of oversimplified, linear conceptions of teaching and learning, and maintain the place of English as a subject of creativity, exploration and expression that, at its heart, values both individual and collective student voices and identities.  相似文献   

高校学术问责制构建中的相关问题探讨     

何小陆 《中国轻工教育》2014,(5):73-75

伴随着我国高等教育规模的扩张,高校从事教学科研工作的学术人员数量大增。作为我国科学研究的一支重要生力军,高校学术人员一方面有力推动了我国整体科技发展的水平和质量,另一方面,在学术领域也滋生了学术失范现象。由此,构建高校学术问责制的理论探讨应运而生,但要进入实践领域,应当充分考虑以下三个相关问题：高校学术失范现象大量滋生的归因问题、学术自由欠缺下高校学术问责制实施的风险问题、学术问责中的责任认定问题。  相似文献   

善治视阈下地方政府决策程序的法治化研究     

姜飞燕 《唐山学院学报》2014,(2):59-62,108

通过分析地方政府决策程序法治化的意义及地方政府决策程序存在的问题,提出了从立法、合法性审查和制度保障等方面实现地方政府决策程序法治化的具体措施,以期对我国地方政府决策机制的完善有所裨益。  相似文献   

Archives, records, and power: From (postmodern) theory to (archival) performance     

Terry Cook  Joan M. Schwartz 《Archival Science》2002,2(3-4):171-185

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Accountability in an Information Age: Opportunities and Risks for Records Management     

Albert Meijer 《Archival Science》1987,1(4):361-372

Electronic records of government organizations are becoming increasingly important for accountability. Managing electronic records, however, proves to be difficult since information and communication technologies confront organizations with various opportunities and risks. In this paper the findings of an international expert survey on electronic records management are presented. These findings identify opportunities and risks for e-mail systems, database management systems, office systems, web technology systems and smart systems. They also point to five crucial questions that must be addressed in order to guarantee the availability of electronic records for accountability.This revised version was published online in October 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Reliability of No Child Left Behind Accountability Designs     

Richard K. Hill  Charles A. DePascale 《Educational Measurement》2003,22(3):12-20

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 requires states to establish accountability systems that are both valid and reliable. If one follows the language of the law literally, there is no design that will meet both requirements. If one interprets the law more flexibly, it is possible to create such a design. States will need to approach the problem carefully if they are going to appropriately balance the various probabilities of making incorrect decisions about schools.  相似文献