Score Reporting for Examinees with Incomplete Data on Large‐Scale Educational Assessments     

Sandip Sinharay 《Educational Measurement》2021,40(1):79-91

Technical difficulties occasionally lead to missing item scores and hence to incomplete data on computerized tests. It is not straightforward to report scores to the examinees whose data are incomplete due to technical difficulties. Such reporting essentially involves imputation of missing scores. In this paper, a simulation study based on data from three educational tests is used to compare the performances of six approaches for imputation of missing scores. One of the approaches, based on data mining, is the first application of its kind to the problem of imputation of missing data. The approach based on data mining and a multiple imputation approach based on chained equations led to the most accurate imputation of missing scores, and hence to most accurate score reporting. A simple approach based on linear regression performed the next best overall. Several recommendations are made regarding the reporting of scores to examinees with incomplete data.  相似文献   

Key somatic variables in young backstroke swimmers     

Senda Sammoud  Alan Michael Nevill  Yassine Negra  Raja Bouguezzi  Chaabene Helmi  Younés Hachana 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(10):1162-1167

The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal body size, limb-segment length, girth or breadth ratios for 100-m backstroke mean speed performance in young swimmers. Sixty-three young swimmers (boys [n = 30; age: 13.98 ± 0.58 years]; girls [n = 33; age: 13.02 ± 1.20 years]) participated in this study. To identify the optimal body size and body composition components associated with 100-m backstroke speed performance, we adopted a multiplicative allometric log-linear regression model, which was refined using backward elimination. The multiplicative allometric model exploring the association between 100-m backstroke mean speed performance and the different somatic measurements estimated that biological age, sitting height, leg length for the lower-limbs, and two girths (forearm and arm relaxed girth) are the key predictors. Stature and body mass did not contribute to the model, suggesting that the advantage of longer levers was limb-specific rather than a general whole-body advantage. In fact, it is only by adopting multiplicative allometric models that the abovementioned ratios could have been derived. These findings highlighted the importance of considering somatic characteristics of young backstroke swimmers and can help swimming coaches to classify their swimmers and enable them to suggest what might be the swimmers’ most appropriate stroke (talent identification).  相似文献   

Online visibility of software-related web sites: The case of biomedical text mining tools     

Gael Pérez-Rodríguez  Martín Pérez-Pérez  Florentino Fdez-Riverola  Anália Lourenço 《Information processing & management》2019,56(3):565-583

  相似文献   

Machine learning based system for managing energy efficiency of public sector as an approach towards smart cities     

《International Journal of Information Management》2021

Energy efficiency of public sector is an important issue in the context of smart cities due to the fact that buildings are the largest energy consumers, especially public buildings such as educational, health, government and other public institutions that have a large usage frequency. However, recent developments of machine learning within Big Data environment have not been exploited enough in this domain. This paper aims to answer the question of how to incorporate Big Data platform and machine learning into an intelligent system for managing energy efficiency of public sector as a substantial part of the smart city concept. Deep neural networks, Rpart regression tree and Random forest with variable reduction procedures were used to create prediction models of specific energy consumption of Croatian public sector buildings. The most accurate model was produced by Random forest method, and a comparison of important predictors extracted by all three methods has been conducted. The models could be implemented in the suggested intelligent system named MERIDA which integrates Big Data collection and predictive models of energy consumption for each energy source in public buildings, and enables their synergy into a managing platform for improving energy efficiency of the public sector within Big Data environment. The paper also discusses technological requirements for developing such a platform that could be used by public administration to plan reconstruction measures of public buildings, to reduce energy consumption and cost, as well as to connect such smart public buildings as part of smart cities. Such digital transformation of energy management can increase energy efficiency of public administration, its higher quality of service and healthier environment.  相似文献   

An analysis on document length retrieval trends in language modeling smoothing     

David E. Losada  Leif Azzopardi 《Information Retrieval》2008,11(2):109-138

Document length is widely recognized as an important factor for adjusting retrieval systems. Many models tend to favor the retrieval of either short or long documents and, thus, a length-based correction needs to be applied for avoiding any length bias. In Language Modeling for Information Retrieval, smoothing methods are applied to move probability mass from document terms to unseen words, which is often dependant upon document length. In this article, we perform an in-depth study of this behavior, characterized by the document length retrieval trends, of three popular smoothing methods across a number of factors, and its impact on the length of documents retrieved and retrieval performance. First, we theoretically analyze the Jelinek–Mercer, Dirichlet prior and two-stage smoothing strategies and, then, conduct an empirical analysis. In our analysis we show how Dirichlet prior smoothing caters for document length more appropriately than Jelinek–Mercer smoothing which leads to its superior retrieval performance. In a follow up analysis, we posit that length-based priors can be used to offset any bias in the length retrieval trends stemming from the retrieval formula derived by the smoothing technique. We show that the performance of Jelinek–Mercer smoothing can be significantly improved by using such a prior, which provides a natural and simple alternative to decouple the query and document modeling roles of smoothing. With the analysis of retrieval behavior conducted in this article, it is possible to understand why the Dirichlet Prior smoothing performs better than the Jelinek–Mercer, and why the performance of the Jelinek–Mercer method is improved by including a length-based prior.

Leif AzzopardiEmail:

  相似文献   

The power law model and total career h-index sequences     

Fred Y. Ye  Ronald Rousseau   《Journal of Informetrics》2008,2(4):288-297

  相似文献   

构建教师网站 转变师生关系     

魏向君 《河西学院学报》2005,21(4):86-87

信息技术的发展冲击着整个现代教育,更促使传统的教育思想、教育行为、教育体制、教学模式等发生一系列的变革。本文从建立良好师生关系的角度出发,指出建立教师网站的必要性及此类网站应具备的特性。最后还就构建教师网站应注意的问题作了一些探讨。  相似文献   

几何中的比例中项问题     

蒋惠翔 《湖州师范学院学报》2001,(Z1)

以“问题解决”理论为依据,对一类比例中项问题进行提炼,得到一种具有一般意义的模型,它含有某种模式,只要搞清题设、图形和结论之间的联系,或许会使解题思路更加清晰．  相似文献   

高等职业教育课程模式设置的探讨     

陈凤英 《天津职业院校联合学报》2002,4(3):28-29

通过教学实践提出几种适合高职教育的课程模式:以问题为中心的综合基础课,以任务为中心的技术课程,以技术开发能力培养为中心的设计课程,以及用于提高学生职业适应性的微型课程等。  相似文献   

开放数据环境下公共信息再利用的经营模式分析     

谷岩松  夏义堃 《图书情报工作》2017,61(4):5-13

[目的/意义] 开放数据运动改变了公共信息再利用的环境,从信息再利用经营模式分析入手进行分析,有助于全面了解和掌握开放数据环境下公共信息再利用的特点及运行规律。[方法/过程] 通过国内外文献比较和企业开放数据再利用案例分析,深入总结开放数据对公共信息再利用的影响,进而对数据开放前后公共信息再利用经营模式差异进行比较。[结果/结论] 开放数据不仅扩展了公共信息再利用的视野,改变了其市场结构,增强了信息企业的主体地位,而且还推动了企业信息再利用经营模式的创新,促使其盈利方式更加丰富,更加注重用户资源开发,市场结构与企业运营更加精细。  相似文献