Using improvisational exercises in general education to advance creativity,inventiveness and innovation     

Peter H. Hackbert 《美中教育评论》2010,(10):10-21

Creativity is the process of generating something new or original that has value to an individual, a group, an organization, an industry or a society. Improvisational theater techniques are used to enhance creative thinking and action in a variety of disciplines as broad as education, theater, dance, painting, writing and music, law, business, and most recently, entrepreneurship. This paper describes an academic setting that draws upon the definition, techniques and improvisational methods as prerequisites for a progression of increased experiences of idea generation, new product invention and innovation. Improvisation is used as a critical ingredient to enhance creativity for undergraduate liberal arts students in a freshman general studies course leading to student product development and field-based innovations.  相似文献   

试论占有人对占有物的使用收益权     

李志忠 《聊城师范学院学报》2010,(5):46-48

占有人对占有物的使用收益权是占有人最基本的权利。我国《物权法》对此虽有规定但与其他国家和地区的规定有较大差异。在借鉴各国和地区的占有制度的立法和司法经验的基础上,对我国现行占有制度中的占有人对占有物的使用收益权的规定进行比较细致的分析和探讨,有助于相关问题的认知与完善。  相似文献   

Novel mathematical model to estimate ball impact force in soccer     

Takahito Iga  Hiroyuki Nunome  Shinya Sano  Nahoko Sato  Yasuo Ikegami 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2018,17(4):477-493

To assess ball impact force during soccer kicking is important to quantify from both performance and chronic injury prevention perspectives. We aimed to verify the appropriateness of previous models used to estimate ball impact force and to propose an improved model to better capture the time history of ball impact force. A soccer ball was fired directly onto a force platform (10 kHz) at five realistic kicking ball velocities and ball behaviour was captured by a high-speed camera (5,000 Hz). The time history of ball impact force was estimated using three existing models and two new models. A new mathematical model that took into account a rapid change in ball surface area and heterogeneous ball deformation showed a distinctive advantage to estimate the peak forces and its occurrence times and to reproduce time history of ball impact forces more precisely, thereby reinforcing the possible mechanics of ‘footballer’s ankle’. Ball impact time was also systematically shortened when ball velocity increases in contrast to practical understanding for producing faster ball velocity, however, the aspect of ball contact time must be considered carefully from practical point of view.  相似文献   

Match-derived relative pitch area changes the physical and team tactical performance of elite soccer players in small-sided soccer games     

Sigrid B. H. Olthof  Wouter G. P. Frencken  Koen A. P. M. Lemmink 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(14):1557-1563

Small-sided games (SSGs) are used in training sessions to prepare for full-sized matches. For the same number of players, smaller pitch sizes result in decreased physical performance and shorter interpersonal distances. A relative pitch area derived from the full-sized match results in larger pitch sizes and this may increase the fit between SSGs and full-sized matches. This study aimed to investigate SSGs with a traditional small pitch and a match-derived relative pitch area in youth elite soccer players. Four age categories (under-13, under-15, under-17 and under-19) played 4 vs. 4 plus goalkeepers on a small (40x30m, 120m² relative pitch area) and large pitch (68x47m, 320m² relative pitch area). The number of games per age category ranged 15–30. Positional data (LPM-system) were collected to determine physical (total distance covered, high intensity distance and number of sprints) and team tactical (inter-team distance, LPW-ratio, surface area, stretch indices, goalkeeper-defender distance) performance measures and tactical variability. On a large pitch, physical performance significantly increased, inter-team and intra-team distances were significantly larger and tactical variability of intra-team distance measures significantly increased. The match-derived relative pitch area is an important training manipulation and leads to changes in physical and tactical performance 4 vs. 4 plus goalkeepers.  相似文献   

Utilization of cues in action anticipation in table tennis players     

Qi Zhao  Kyle J. Jaquess  Chenglin Zhou 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(23):2699-2705

ABSTRACT

By manipulating the congruency between body kinematics and subsequent ball trajectory, this study investigated the anticipation capabilities of regional-level, college-level, and novice table tennis players using a full video simulation occluder paradigm. Participants watched footage containing congruent, incongruent, or no ball trajectory information, to predict the landing point of the ball. They were required to choose between two potential locations to make their prediction. Percent accuracy and relevant indexes (d-prime, criterion, effect size) were calculated for each condition. Results indicated that experienced table tennis players (both regional and college players) were superior to novices in the ability to anticipate ball trajectory using kinematic information, but no difference was found between regional-level and college-level players. The findings of this study further demonstrate the superior anticipation ability of experienced table tennis players. Furthermore, the present result suggests that there may be a certain “baseline” level of motor experience in racquet sports for effective action anticipation, while the addition of further motor experience does not appear to assist direction anticipation.  相似文献   

竞技能力结构模型的分析与新议——皮球理论模型的建立   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李岩  董云振  李珂 《北京体育大学学报》2010,(2)

研究并建立运动员竞技能力的结构模型,是实施模式训练的重要工作环节。目前建立的竞技能力的结构模型虽然从不同角度阐述了竞技能力结构,但都存在明显的缺陷。以系统理论和混沌理论为理论依据建立的皮球理论模型,表现出整体性、直观性、动态性和混沌性的优点,很好地诠释了竞技能力的结构特征和发展变化,弥补了以往研究的缺陷。  相似文献   

核心力量训练对提高网球球速的实证研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

张志武  贾晓强  刘世军 《北京体育大学学报》2010,(3)

运用文献资料法、专家调查法、教学实验法以及数理统计法等方法,对天津体育学院网球运动员的核心力量训练的手段与方法进行了研究。并利用球速实验进行测试,用以评价核心力量训练对专项素质的影响,结果表明,通过核心力量训练,对网球专项训练中的发球球速和正手击球球速都有着一定程度的提高。  相似文献   

中国足坛“假、赌、黑”三大顽症的主要成因及遏制策略     

张磊 《河北体育学院学报》2010,24(5):19-23

采用文献资料法、逻辑分析法深入探究中国足坛“假球、赌球、黑哨”三大顽症滋生的主要成因,并据此提出针对性的干预措施和遏制策略。认为经济利益驱使、核心价值观迷失、管理部门定位不清、相关法律法规不健全以及人性的深层需求影响造成了“假球、赌球、黑哨”三大顽症滋生。为消除这一现象,应当破解足球俱乐部的生存困境,重建足球从业群体的核心价值观,重新定位足协角色,建立反赌监控机构和常态监管机制,尝试将体育博彩业公开化、有限合法化和适度开放,应积极借鉴国外打击“假球、赌球、黑哨”的经验。  相似文献   

试论军中开展球类运动对军人体能素质的影响研究     

柯强 《军事体育进修学院学报》2010,29(4):74-76

以2006年版《军人体能标准》为主要理论参考依据,以广州某部为实验对象,研究球类项目对军人体能的影响。通过对比实验表明,球类运动能增强军人的力量、速度、耐力、灵敏等体能素质,同时增强了军人体能训练的趣味性,促进军人体能达标等,应在军队体能训练中推广球类运动。  相似文献   

集体球类项目运动员反复冲刺能力的能量代谢机制的研究现状     

刘小平  程丽平 《北京体育大学学报》2012,35(3):123-127

对于集体球类项目(篮球、足球、橄榄球、手球等)来讲,运动员为了有效地完成比赛的技战术要求,取得竞争优势,必须在场上进行反复的高强度冲刺活动,所以反复冲刺的能力(Repeated-sprint ability:RSA)对运动员的竞技表现是至关重要的。本文旨在通过对国内外集体球类项目运动员反复冲刺能力的研究成果进行梳理分析,总结归纳出反复冲刺能力的能量代谢基础、测试方法及影响因素,以期能对我国竞技水平普遍不高的集体球类运动项目的科学化训练提供理论指导。  相似文献