论绘画本体及其对偶关系     

徐文生 《辽宁师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2015,(4)

绘画创作是通过主体、客体、本体构成。本体独立性越强绘画也就越成熟。绘画的本体通过绘画的材料和工具形成的各种形象表现出前后关系、虚实关系以及黑白关系,彼此间体现出辩证的对偶关系。对偶关系的把握及运用体现了绘画的高级阶段———理性思维的提升,它是绘画成熟的重要标志之一。绘画的过程体现在制造矛盾和解决矛盾这一对偶关系中。绘画就是要学会制造和解决这对矛盾关系,诸如绘画作品中线条和笔触体现出强—弱、方—圆、虚—实,包括用笔的中锋与侧锋、用墨中的干—湿。绘画只有从“形而下”的技术再现上升到“形而上”关注艺术的核心问题,通过对绘画规律的了解和掌握,并以哲学思辨做主导能力才可以得到淋漓尽致的发挥。因此,绘画对偶规律的研究和理解对绘画能力的提高具有重要的现实意义。  相似文献   

Examining the Rule of Thumb of Not Using Multilevel Modeling: The “Design Effect Smaller Than Two” Rule     

Mark H. C. Lai  Oi-man Kwok 《Journal of Experimental Education》2015,83(3):423-438

Educational researchers commonly use the rule of thumb of “design effect smaller than 2” as the justification of not accounting for the multilevel or clustered structure in their data. The rule, however, has not yet been systematically studied in previous research. In the present study, we generated data from three different models (which differ in the location of the clustering effect). With a 3 (design effect) × 5 (cluster size) × 4 (number of clusters) Monte Carlo simulation study we found that the rule should not be applied when researchers: (a) are interested in the effects of higher-level predictors, or (b) have a cluster size less than 10. Implications of the findings and limitations of the study are discussed.  相似文献   

Estimation of a Nonlinear Intervention Phase Trajectory for Multiple-Baseline Design Data     

Ian Hembry  Rommel Bunuan  John M. Ferron  Wim Van den Noortgate 《Journal of Experimental Education》2015,83(4):514-546

A multilevel logistic model for estimating a nonlinear trajectory in a multiple-baseline design is introduced. The model is applied to data from a real multiple-baseline design study to demonstrate interpretation of relevant parameters. A simple change-in-levels (ΔLevels) model and a model involving a quadratic function (Quadratic) for the nonlinear intervention phase data were also estimated. In addition, a simulation study was conducted to assess Markov chain Monte Carlo estimation of the logistic model and compare its trajectory recovery with use of the ΔLevels and Quadratic models. While most of the logistic model's parameter values were recovered well, trajectory recovery was very reasonable using the simpler Quadratic model. Results are discussed along with recommendations for practitioners and directions for future research.  相似文献   

The possibilities and limits of the structure–agency dialectic in advancing science for all     

Kris D. Gutiérrez  Angela Calabrese Barton 《科学教学研究杂志》2015,52(4):574-583

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Social Story™ interventions for decreasing challenging behaviours: a single-case meta-analysis 1995–2012     

Ryan J. McGill  Diana Baker  R.T. Busse 《Educational Psychology in Practice》2015,31(1):21-42

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A case study of a college-wide first-year undergraduate engineering course     

Fadi Aloul  Imran Zualkernan  Ghaleb Husseini  Ayman El-Hag  Yousef Al-Assaf 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2015,40(1):32-51

Introductory engineering courses are either programme specific or expose students to engineering as a broad discipline by including materials from various engineering programmes. A common introductory engineering course that spans different engineering programmes raises challenges, including the high cost of resources as well as the lack of background courses of first-year students. This paper presents the design, implementation and evaluation of a first-year common engineering course that uses low-cost materials to expose students to a structured engineering design process. The course is explicitly designed to satisfy the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology criteria for engineering programmes. Our experience with the course shows that not only students are able to follow a structured design process successfully but we also believe that most of the ABET criteria are being delivered through the course.  相似文献   

Support for Students with Hidden Disabilities in Universities: A Case Study     

Donna Couzens  Shiralee Poed  Mika Kataoka  Alicia Brandon  Judy Hartley  Deb Keen 《International Journal of Disability, Development & Education》2015,62(1):24-41

More students with disabilities are accessing the tertiary sector with many disabilities not easily observed (or hidden), because there are no physical indicators. These “hidden” disabilities affect a variety of cognitive processes and may be developmental or acquired. To ensure students with hidden disabilities can enrol, engage in and benefit from tertiary education, universities generally provide a range of supports. Typically these supports and any reasonable adjustments are negotiated with students taking into account a number of factors including, where available, any supporting documentation that they might be able to provide. This case study reports efforts within one large Australian university to support higher education students with hidden disabilities on campus. Perceptions on the use of and barriers to support available were collected from seven undergraduate students who self-identified as having hidden disabilities and from eight support staff. Results indicated that students found their informal networks to be their most effective supports, closely followed by clear, caring and flexible lecturers and tutors. There were mixed positive and negative perceptions reported on the universal and disability-specific supports available. Implications and future research directions are discussed.  相似文献   

A love towards a thing eternal: Spinoza and the classroom     

Steve Shann  Michele Bauer  Rachel Cunneen  Jaki Troy  Courtney Van Blerk 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》2015,43(5):450-462

There is a growing concern about the struggles of early career teachers and an understandable questioning of the preparation being offered by teacher education courses. Are our preservice teachers being given workable strategies and techniques to allow them to survive the early years? Is it strategies and techniques that are primarily at issue here? Could it be that there is something more fundamental, to do with an underlying philosophical understanding about human nature, the desire to learn and the need to relate? I want to suggest that instruction about strategies and techniques is too often built on an insecure and incompatible foundation of assumptions about the nature of the world of sentient beings and their relationships. Ontology matters. Philosopher Spinoza divided the world of thought into ideas that were adequate – contributing to our well-being, potency and happiness – and those that were inadequate – leading us to feel weak, at the mercy of outside forces, and sad. I want to argue, with Spinoza, that inadequate ontologies lead to a sense of impotence and frustration, and that adequate ideas – a stronger ontology – can underpin and sustain a more durable pedagogy. I explore this idea by looking at some classroom events through a Spinozean lens.  相似文献   

Required Collaborative Work in Online Courses: A Predictive Modeling Approach          下载免费PDF全文

Marlene A. Smith  Deborah L. Kellogg 《Decision Sciences Journal of Innovative Education》2015,13(4):563-581

This article describes a predictive model that assesses whether a student will have greater perceived learning in group assignments or in individual work. The model produces correct classifications 87.5% of the time. The research is notable in that it is the first in the education literature to adopt a predictive modeling methodology using data collected via a designed experiment. All subjects experienced both a collaborative and an individual assignment, thus mitigating uncontrolled external factors in the measurement of differences in perceived learning. The exploratory nature of the work prompted the use of Partial Least Squares Regression for estimation. The work serves as an illustration of how predictive modeling might enlighten those in educational and academic settings.  相似文献   

高压线除冰机器人本体结构设计     

林坚磊  刘文华  陈雪  侯智强  宋赫 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2015,(2)

针对高压输电线路的覆冰情况,提出了一种线路除冰机器人,该机器人由行走机构、越障机构、除冰工具、传动系统和摄像系统组成。机器人利用固定在前端的除冰砂轮对覆冰切割,而后除冰锤实现180°半圆形往复运动对剩余覆冰进行反复敲打清除;驱动轮采用半圆型结构,适应一定范围的线径,为机器人提供了稳定性。该机器人体积小,除冰效率高,可清除厚度为10~25 mm的覆冰。  相似文献