Parental spanking of 1-year-old children and subsequent child protective services involvement     

Shawna J. Lee  Andrew Grogan-Kaylor  Lawrence M. Berger 《Child abuse & neglect》2014

The majority of U.S. parents spank their children, often beginning when their children are very young. We examined families (N = 2,788) who participated in a longitudinal community-based study of new births in urban areas. Prospective analyses examined whether spanking by the child's mother, father, or mother's current partner when the child was 1-year-old was associated with household CPS involvement between age 1 and age 5. Results indicated that 30% of 1-year-olds were spanked at least once in the past month. Spanking at age 1 was associated with increased odds of subsequent CPS involvement (adjusted odds ratio = 1.36, 95% CI [1.08, 1.71], p < .01). When compared to non-spanked children, there was a 33% greater probability of subsequent CPS involvement for children who were spanked at age 1. Given the undesirable consequences of spanking children and a lack of empirical evidence to suggest positive effects of physical punishment, professionals who work with families should counsel parents not to spank infants and toddlers. For optimal benefits, efforts to educate parents regarding alternative forms of discipline should begin during the child's first year of life.  相似文献   

纪律的限度：以涂尔干与福柯的教育理论为视角     

沈洪成 《教育学术月刊》2011,(3):20-22,26

涂尔干从功能主义的视角出发,认为纪律精神有助于社会团结,对个体的自由也是有益的。福柯基于后结构主义的立场,认为纪律是无所不在的微观控制技术,个体可能在纪律的笼罩下变得顺从。比较涂尔干和福柯观点可以发现,纪律在主体构造过程中具有一定的意义,也存在局限。当代中国学校教育要超越纪律的限度,需要从刻板的规章走向自主个体的培养。  相似文献   

中国档案学之建立——基于学科制度视角的中国档案学发展史     

郭欣仪  姜玉平 《档案学研究》2012,(2):9-13

中国的档案学是在特定的历史环境下,从实践工作中总结、产生的,至今已有七十多年的历史。作为一门独立学科,档案学不仅用自身的理论、结构和功能在科学领域中体现自身价值,同时,也通过指导实践工作,在社会领域中对推动社会发展产生了举足轻重的作用。本文试图以学科制度的视角,从知识生产层面和学科制度结构两方面探寻中国档案学之建立,力求追溯学科的传承和发展,历史地呈现其学术延续的脉势,明确档案学作为一项社会建制在科学领域和社会领域的价值。  相似文献   

基于主体视阈的档案学进化与发展问题研究     

任越 《档案管理》2012,(2):20-24

学科的进化与发展是一门学科保持稳定、长久生存的重要动力源.唯有进化和发展,学科才能在众多学科门类中强化其学科的独立性和创新性.学科的进化与发展需要学术研究主体的参与,并在学科发展过程中彰显其主体性优势.本文以哲学认识论中认识的主体性为立论依据,从档案学宏观和微观两个层面阐释了当代档案学进化和发展的必要性,依次指出档案学宏观和微观进化发展的主要元素,并深刻剖析了两种进化发展过程中的主体性联系.  相似文献   

开放大学学科建设研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

纪平  杨亭亭  李松 《现代远距离教育》2012,(2):28-33

学科建设是开放大学的基本特征。从开放大学发展定位出发,阐述了学科建设在开放大学中的地位、作用以及必要性。通过对普通高等教育、高职教育和开放大学三者培养目标的比较,明晰了开放大学的培养目标以及自身特点,并以此为研究的逻辑起点,研究了我国开放大学的学科特征、学科体系、学科定位以及重点学科建设等问题,指出了本科教育和研究生教育重点发展的学科和专业。  相似文献   

Excluding students from classroom: Teacher techniques that promote student responsibility     

Ramon Lewis  Shlomo Romi  Joel Roache 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2012

Students who continuously misbehave are frequently excluded from class, allowing them time to reflect on their inappropriate behavior. This paper examines students’ perceptions of the teacher’s behavior toward them prior to, during, and after the exclusion, focusing on teachers’ explanations, punishments, and follow-up conversations. The results indicate that students who do not accept responsibility for being excluded think that their teachers’ are to blame. To convince students to accept responsibility for their acts, teachers must explain why the exclusion is necessary, warn and punish before excluding a student, and hold a follow-up conversation, highlighting the impact of the misbehavior on classmates.  相似文献   

Maternal negative emotional expression and discipline in Beijing,China: The moderating role of educational attainment     

《Child abuse & neglect》2018

The current study shows that parental punitive discipline places children at risk of developing internalizing and externalizing problems. Although some studies have analyzed the reasons for the use of discipline methods, little to no research has analyzed the moderating effects. In this study, we examine the relationship between maternal negative emotional expression and mothers’ use of disciplinary methods (psychological aggression, corporal punishment and physical maltreatment) and the moderating effects of educational attainment in Chinese societies. Five hundred and sixteen mothers with preschool-aged children were recruited to participate in this research. The Chinese versions of the Self-Expressiveness in the Family Questionnaire (SEFQ) and the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales (CTSPC) were used to measure the mothers’ negative emotional expression and discipline, respectively. The results suggested that the mothers’ negative emotional expression was positively related to their disciplinary behaviors. Moreover, maternal educational attainment moderated the association between negative emotional expression and discipline. The findings of the current study highlight the importance of considering how mothers’ educational backgrounds may interact with their emotions to influence maternal disciplinary behaviors.  相似文献   

试论建立和完善网络新闻学学科体系的方法     

闫洁 《毕节学院学报》2010,28(5):76-79

目前,随着知识经济的崛起和信息技术的提高,网络新闻在技术和内容两个方面都得到了迅速发展,然而,"网络新闻学"学科建设问题,在当前并没有被足够重视。因此作为人才输送者的高校,应逐步从三个层面——在现有的新闻学课程中添加网络新闻学的相关章节,逐步设置合理的网络新闻学学科的课程,设立网络新闻学专业——发展网络新闻学。  相似文献   

Construct validation of the Behavior and Instructional Management Scale     

Nancy K. Martin  Daniel A. Sass 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2010

Beliefs related to classroom management vary among teachers and play an important role in classrooms. Despite the importance of this construct, valid measures have proven difficult to develop. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Behavior and Instructional Management Scale (BIMS), a short but valid measure of teachers' approaches to behavioral and instructional management. Results revealed a two-factor solution that possessed a good model fit, with large estimated factor loadings using confirmatory factor analysis. Evidence of validity was obtained with the Ohio State Teacher Efficacy Scale. Internal consistency for both subscales was adequate. Implications for future research are discussed.  相似文献   

党员行为规范与“大跃进”的决策     

王润东 《和田师范专科学校学报》2010,29(4):22-23

“大跃进”运动是我们党在探索中国特色社会主义道路上犯一次严重失误。“大跃进”的决策之所以能够在党内一致通过,顺利发动,党员行为规范的约束起了重要作用。它在潜移默化中束缚着党员的思想,使党员难以畅所欲言,使党的决策过程变相成为一种意见的“一言堂”。  相似文献