关于运动性猝死的研究及其预防   总被引：10，自引：1，他引：9  

刘卫华  林建棣  李震 《军事体育进修学院学报》2003,22(1):81-85

应用献资料法，对运动性碎死的定义、分布和病因等问题进行了探讨和分析，总结了运动性碎死的流行病学和病因学特征，并探讨了运动性碎死的预防措施。  相似文献   

Maximum oxygen uptake and body composition of healthy Hong Kong Chinese adult men and women aged 20 – 64 years     

Samuel Yeung Shan Wong  Frank Wan Kin Chan  Chi Kei Lee  Martin Li  Fai Yeung  Christopher Chor Ming Lum 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):295-302

Abstract

The aims of the present study were to assess the maximal oxygen uptake and body composition of adult Chinese men and women, and to determine how these variables relate to age. The cross-sectional sample consisted of 196 men and 221 women aged 20 – 64 years. Maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O_2max) was determined by indirect calorimetry during a maximal exercise test on an electrically braked cycle ergometer. The correlations between [Vdot]O_2max and fat mass were ?0.52 in men and ?0.58 in women. Linear regression defined the cross-sectional age-related decline in [Vdot]O_2max as 0.35 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1 · year^?1 in men and 0.30 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1 · year^?1 in women. Multiple regression analysis showed that more than 50% of this cross-sectional decline in [Vdot]O_2max was due to fat mass, lean mass, and age. Adding fat mass and lean mass to the multiple regression models reduced the age regression mass from 0.35 to 0.24 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1 · year^?1 in men and from 0.30 to 0.15 ml · kg^?1 · min^?1 · year^?1 in women. We conclude that age, fat mass, and lean mass are independent determinants of maximal oxygen uptake in Chinese adults.  相似文献   

An Exploratory Analysis of the Attitudinal Impact of Awarding Athletic Scholarships to Women     

Sharon A. Mathes  Shirley J. Wood  Charlene E. Christensen  James E. Christensen 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):422-428

The impact on women athletes of receiving or not receiving scholarships was investigated in this study. The subjects were 61 women participating in 10 intercollegiate sports. Attitudes were assessed by administering a questionnaire prior to, and after, scholarships had been awarded. The questionnaire items were grouped into three subsets which reflected different attitudes about the “impact” of awarding athletic scholarships. A 4 × 2 × 2 repeated measures design was used to test for significant statistical interaction between the three independent variables: (a) wanting a scholarship, (b) receiving a scholarship, and (c) reacting to the awarding of scholarships.  相似文献   

Assessment of causal effects of physical activity on neurodegenerative diseases: A Mendelian randomization study     

Peng-Fei Wu  Hui Lu  Xiaoting Zhou  Xuchen Liang  Ruizhuo Li  Wan Zhang  Danyang Li  Kun Xia 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2021,10(4):454

BackgroundPhysical activity has been hypothesized to play a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. However, effect estimates previously derived from observational studies were prone to confounding or reverse causation.MethodsWe performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal association of accelerometer-measured physical activity with 3 common neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer''s disease (AD), Parkinson''s disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We selected genetic instrumental variants reaching genome-wide significance (p < 5 × 10⁻⁸) from 2 largest meta-analyses of about 91,100 UK Biobank participants. Summary statistics for AD, PD, and ALS were retrieved from the up-to-date studies in European ancestry led by the international consortia. The random-effect, inverse-variance weighted MR was employed as the primary method, while MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO), weighted median, and MR-Egger were implemented as sensitivity tests. All statistical analyses were performed using the R programming language (Version 3.6.1; R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).ResultsPrimary MR analysis and replication analysis utilized 5 and 8 instrumental variables, which explained 0.2% and 0.4% variance in physical activity, respectively. In each set, one variant at 17q21 was significantly associated with PD, and MR sensitivity analyses indicated them it as an outlier and source of heterogeneity and pleiotropy. Primary results with the removal of outlier variants suggested odds ratios (ORs) of neurodegenerative diseases per unit increase in objectively measured physical activity were 1.52 for AD (95% confidence interval (95%CI): 0.88–2.63, p = 0.13) and 3.35 for PD (95%CI: 1.32–8.48, p = 0.01), while inconsistent results were shown in the replication set for AD (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.02) and PD (OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.88–0.12, p = 0.97). Similarly, the beneficial effect of physical activity on ALS (OR = 0.51, 95%CI: 0.29–0.91, p = 0.02) was not confirmed in the replication analysis (OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.91–1.02, p = 0.22).ConclusionGenetically predicted physical activity was not robustly associated with risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Triangulating evidence across other studies is necessary in order to elucidate whether enhancing physical activity is an effective approach in preventing the onset of AD, PD, or ALS.  相似文献   

举重运动创伤流行病学调查及其比较研究   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

王武韶  史和福  奚汉祥  容家怀  任玉衡  田得祥 《体育科学》2000,20(4):44-46

本研究共调查 2 6 5名男女举重运动员。并对其相关内容进行了比较分析 ,男女合计患者率为 78.4% ,而女性为90 .0 0 % ,共检出 12 1种损伤 ,但常见的集中在 12种。受伤部位以膝和腰患病率较高 ,依次为腕、肩、肘、髋。 73.8%的损伤是慢性损伤或急性转为慢性的损伤。除膝患病率女性高於男性外 ,其他如受伤种类 ,疗效以及受伤原因等 ,男女之间均无显著性差异。损伤原因以错误技术动作 ,强度或量过大 ,以及身体疲劳等因素为突出。提出了减了损伤的预防工作建议。  相似文献