Assessing School Readiness: Validity and Bias in Preschool and Kindergarten Teachers' Ratings     

Andrew J. Mashburn  Gary T. Henry 《Educational Measurement》2004,23(4):16-30

As a part of efforts to evaluate and monitor the increasing public investment in early childhood education, teachers are being asked to assess children's school readiness. In this study, preschool teachers and kindergarten teachers rated children's skills in three areas (kindergarten readiness, academic skills, and communication skills), and these ratings were compared with direct assessments of the children's skills. Ratings by both groups of teachers tended to be more highly related to basic skills, such as counting and number naming, than to abilities such as solving applied problems and using expressive and receptive vocabulary. Preschool teachers' ratings had a lower association with children's observed skills and abilities than kindergarten teachers' ratings. Ratings of children attending Head Start were systematically inflated, but this relationship was mediated to a significant extent by the teachers' levels of education. More educated teachers rated children in a manner consistent with the children's directly assessed skills. Implications of these findings for informing future efforts to assess school readiness by using teacher ratings are discussed.  相似文献   

再论竞技状态   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

罗平 《上海体育学院学报》1994,18(4):11-15

现代竞技运动由平时运动训练、赛前直接准备和运动竞赛三个相对独立而又相互联系的过程组成.竞技状态是生物能量转换范畴内联系竞技运动三个组成部分的纽带.它的实质是运动员在训练中积累的生物能量到竞赛释放的过程中所表现出的暂时性状态。  相似文献   

The Issue of Range Restriction in Bookmark Standard Setting          下载免费PDF全文

Adam E. Wyse 《Educational Measurement》2015,34(2):47-54

This article uses data from a large‐scale assessment program to illustrate the potential issue of range restriction with the Bookmark method in the context of trying to set cut scores to closely align with a set of college and career readiness benchmarks. Analyses indicated that range restriction issues existed across different response probability (RP) values and item response theory (IRT) models if one were to apply the Bookmark procedure using intact test forms. Results also suggested that range restriction may still be present if one had access to additional data from an item bank. This demonstration critically highlights challenges that may exist in some practical applications of the Bookmark method due items not being designed to cover the full range of examinee abilities.  相似文献   

美国生涯和技术教育新理念探析     

陈朋 《职业技术教育》2011,(28)

2010 年,美国全国生涯与技术教育组织与21 世纪技能合作组织的战略性合作全面展开,将生涯与技术教育理念提升到一个新的高度.新理念将生涯与技术教育与21 世纪技能相结合并渗透进整个教育系统,让所有学生在掌握21世纪技能的基础上为升学和就业作双重准备.新理念表现出前瞻性与战略性相结合、系统性与整合性相结合、全面性与核心性相结合以及全纳性与个性化相结合的特点,其实施的可行性主要体现为理论基础符合国际职业教育发展趋势,并在实践上拥有强大的基层支持和范例证明.  相似文献   

Understanding users’ behaviors regarding supply chain technology: Determinants impacting the adoption and implementation of RFID technology in South Korea     

Sanghyun Kim  Gary Garrison 《International Journal of Information Management》2010

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), once a niche technology, is rapidly gaining the attention of retailers as a key enabler in their supply chain. As RFID moves into the mainstream, it is poised to replace the standard barcode as the technology that identifies and tracks products throughout the supply chain. In an attempt to gain competitive advantages, some retailers have begun the transition to RFID while others have been reluctant to embrace it. This study investigates South Korean retailers to identify key organizational characteristics that positively drive the evaluation of RFID. Further, this study assesses the impact one's evaluation has on the adoption and integration of RFID within their respective firm. Results from 278 adopting organizations show organizational needs (Ubiquity and Performance Gaps), perceived factors (Benefits and Cost Savings), and organizational readiness (Financial Resources and Technological Knowledge) have a significant influence on RFID Evaluation; and evaluation impacts its adoption, and integration.  相似文献   

社区学院教师的自我导向学习准备度研究     

殷玉新 《湖北大学成人教育学院学报》2015,(1):18-23

社区教育教师是社区教育工作主力军,社区教育教师专业化程度也越来越成为影响社区教育发展水平的重要因素。本研究选取112位社区学院教师作为研究对象,以性别、年龄、学历、工龄和单位性质等个人身份因素为变量,使用SPSS统计分析软件,研究其与自我导向学习准备度的相关性。并基于研究结果,提出相关对策和建议。  相似文献   

学龄前儿童的学习方式准备状况     

金哲洙 《佳木斯教育学院学报》2015,(2)

对学龄前儿童进行了学习方式测验。结果发现:(1)学龄前儿童在问题解决灵活性任务中掌握最好的是上位范畴,最不理想的是联合;在规则学习任务上的表现较好。(2)公立幼儿园学龄前儿童在学习方式以及基本范畴和上位范畴上好于私立幼儿园的学龄前儿童。(3)朝鲜族和汉族学龄前儿童在学习方式的准备上不存在显著差异。(4)留守学龄前儿童学习方式和规则学习上显著低于非留守学龄前儿童。  相似文献   

城市幼儿与流动幼儿入学语言准备的比较研究     

邹敏  夏菡  王中会 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2015,(3):89-94

以北京市272名城市大班幼儿与流动大班幼儿为研究对象,对其入学语言准备状况进行测查,结果显示：城市幼儿和流动幼儿语言各方面的发展不均衡,细微差异识别、前阅读技能和故事理解方面的发展水平均好于其他方面,基本达到了入学准备的要求,但阅读理解和口语表达能力与入学准备要求差距较大;城市幼儿和流动幼儿除汉字结构意识一项不存在显著差异外,无论是语言总分还是其他各项目得分均存在极其显著的差异,城市幼儿入学语言准备水平显著高于流动幼儿。政府应加大经费投入,提高城市幼儿和流动幼儿所在园教师的专业素质,改善流动幼儿的语言教育状况,有效地缩小流动幼儿与城市幼儿教育质量的差距,以推动教育公平的实现。  相似文献   

教学设计有效性形成的途径探究     

汪辉  张耘硕 《六盘水师范高等专科学校学报》2014,(2):64-67

教学设计要围绕有效性展开,为实现有效教学提供可能性。要探究教学方案有效性得以形成的方法途径,必须要把握住学生的特点以及根据课程标准所生成的教学目标,将有效性的本质与学生和学习目标的特点结合起来。根据对教学方案有效性的本质的理解,可以采用立足于学生的学习准备、层级化多情节设计和预设与生成相结合等方法来形成教学方案的有效性。  相似文献   

Preschool writing and premathematics predict Grade 3 achievement for low-income,ethnically diverse children     

Louis Manfra  Christina Squires  Laura H. B. Dinehart  Charles Bleiker  Suzanne C. Hartman  Adam Winsler 《The Journal of educational research》2017,110(5):528-537

The present study was designed to explore the association between preschool academic skills and Grade 3 achievement among a sample of ethnically diverse children from low-income families. Data were collected from a sample of 1,442 low-income, ethnically diverse children in preschool and associated with Grade 3 achievement in reading and mathematics 4 years later. Mixed-effects modeling indicated that preschool skills significantly predicted Grade 3 achievement measures while controlling for various child-level factors and random school effects. While several preschool factors were predictive of Grade 3 achievement, writing/copying and counting/premathematics skills were consistently strong predictors of Grade 3 achievement across all measures and domains suggesting these are important foundational skills for academic success in midelementary school among low-income, ethnically diverse children. Findings also replicate studies demonstrating that writing plays an important role in learning and achievement. Findings have implications for early education policy and practice intended to support academic development among low-income, ethnically diverse children.  相似文献