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杨小芳 《河北体育学院学报》2016,30(3):81-85
采用三维高速摄像技术和运动生物力学原理,对后旋踢技术身体重心移动、动作所用时间、踝关节角度、膝关节角度和髋关节角度的运动学特征进行比较分析,得出结论:踢击腿在离地瞬间身体重心要快速向回旋方向移动;踢击腿膝关节最大程度弯曲,以缩短动作时间、加快踢击速度;踢击腿髋关节只有最大程度地弯曲,弯曲的膝关节才能快速展开;踢击腿的髋关节最大程度弯曲再打开时,踝关节能快速鞭打;支撑腿弯曲后在踢击腿踢出的瞬间,髋关节开始伸展,将对打击高度产生影响;踢击腿膝关节和髋关节最大程度弯曲时能增加击打力度. 相似文献
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Kohei Watanabe Takayuki Sato Takahiro Mukaimoto Wataru Takashima Michio Yamagishi Tetsunari Nishiyama 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(15):1413-1422
We aimed to investigate neuromuscular activation of thigh muscles during track cycling at various speeds. Eight male competitive cyclists volunteered to participate in this study. Surface electromyography of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris and adductor magnus muscles of the bilateral legs was recorded during track cycling on velodromes with a 250-m track. The participants were instructed to maintain three different lap times: 20, 18 and 16 s. The average rectified value (ARV) was calculated from the sampled surface electromyography. Significantly higher ARVs were observed in the right compared to left leg for the biceps femoris muscle during both straight and curved sections at 18- and 16-s lap times (P < 0.05). In the biceps femoris muscle, significant changes in ARVs during the recovery phase with an increase in speed were seen in the right leg only (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in ARVs between the straight and curved sections for all three muscles (P > 0.05). From our findings, it was suggested that during track cycling on a velodrome the laterality of the biceps femoris muscle activity is a key strategy to regulate the speed, and fixed neuromuscular strategies are adopted between straight and curved sections for thigh muscles. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to analyse associations between lean soft tissue (LST), a surrogate of skeletal muscle mass and key fracture-related geometric characteristics of the proximal femur. Moreover, we examined the role that muscle played on the proximal femur geometry in response to physical activity (PA). Participants were 83 young adults. Leg LST (exposure) was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Proximal femur geometry was derived from a left hip DXA scan. Geometric variables (outcomes) included the femoral neck axis length (FNAL), the femoral neck width (FNW), the neck–shaft angle and FNW|FNAL (an index of robustness). PA was evaluated by accelerometry. Linear regression was used to analyse relationships. Additional exposure variables included body height and mass. In males, leg LST explained 17.4% of variation in FNAL (P < 0.001) and 15% in FNW (P = 0.015). In females, it explained 8.8% of the variance in FNAL (P = 0.020). Associations remained significant in males, but not in females, when vigorous PA was added to the models. These results suggest that public health approaches to promote PA may be particularly important in females since vigorous PA seems to convey advantages in femur geometry and consequently in bone strength. 相似文献
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街舞运动的文化特征与功能 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了更高层次上理解、认识街舞运动以及挖掘街舞运动社会文化功能，从文化学的角度，探讨了街舞运动所具有的健身性和艺术性、多样性和变异性、国际性和地域性、竞争性和自由性、兼容性和从属性的文化特征，分析了街舞运动在人的社会化、人生命价值观的表意性符号、社会经济发展、实施全民健身战略、构建和谐社会等方面具有的文化功能。 相似文献
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The ankle joint’s role in shock absorption during landing has been researched in many studies, which have found that landing with higher amounts of plantarflexion (PF) results in lower peak vertical ground reaction forces and loading rates. However, there has not yet been a study that compares drop landings within participants along a quantitative continuum of PF angles. Using a custom-written real-time feedback program, participants adjusted their ankles to an instructed PF angle and dropped onto two force platforms. For increasing PF, peak ground reaction force and peak loading rate during weight acceptance decreased significantly. The hip’s contribution to peak support moment decreased as PF at initial contact increased up to 30°. The ankle and knee contributions increased over this same continuum of PF angles. There appears to be no optimal PF angle based on peak ground reaction force and loading rate measurements, but there may be an optimum where joint contributions to peak support moment converge and the hip moment’s contribution is minimised. 相似文献
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Darren J. Paul George P. Nassis Rodney Whiteley Joao B. Marques Dean Kenneally Hakim Chalabi 《Journal of sports sciences》2014,32(13):1318-1323
AbstractRegular measurements of groin risk factors may offer a preventive measure against injury. Therefore, the aim of this study was to (1) determine minimal detectable change (MDC) and reliability of hip flexibility and strength measures and to (2) identify the effect soccer match play load has on these measures. Reliability was determined for bent knee fall out test, hip abduction and adduction (hand-held dynamometry (HHD)) in 20 trained youth male soccer players. Reliability was evaluated with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC[2,1]), 95% confidence intervals (CI). Hip strength and flexibility measures were taken before and after an international friendly match. Intra-rater reliability ICC ranges were bent knee fall out (0.75–0.90), abduction (0.83–0.90) and adduction (0.72–0.96). Inter-rater ICCs (95% CI) were bent knee fall out test [0.75 (0.39–0.90) right, 0.71 (0.27–0.89) left hip]; abduction [0.80 (0.50–0.92) right, 0.81 (0.53–0.92) left hip] and adduction [0.72 (0.31–0.89) right, 0.70 (0.26–0.88) left hip]. MDCs were as low as 20.7% of the mean for hip flexibility and 12.5% for strength. In conclusion, HHD and the bent knee fall out test are reliable tools to measure changes in hip strength and flexibility. Finally, a threshold may exist in which match play load negatively impacts hip flexibility. 相似文献
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范育飞 《体育成人教育学刊》2011,27(4):69-70
利用Con-Trex等速肌力测试与训练系统,以180°/s、120°/s、60°/s的3种角速度对13名男子优秀自行车运动员和13名女子优秀自行车运动员左腿髋关节进行等速向心收缩测试。获得了相应的等速向心收缩的伸屈肌峰值力矩、伸屈肌总功、伸屈肌平均功率等指标,并结合项目特点分析各角速度下指标的差异。 相似文献
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探讨个体化延续护理服务对人工全髋关节臵换术患者康复情况及自理能力恢复的影响。选取行人工全髋关节臵换术患者60例作为研究对象,随机分为对照组30例,观察组30例,对照组给予常规的出院护理指导,观察组给予延续护理服务,通过Harris评分、Barthel指数评分对患者康复情况进行评价。观察组出院后1个月、3个月Harris评分、Bathel指数评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。个体化延续护理服务可以促进人工全髋关节臵换术患者的康复,改善其生活质量。 相似文献
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对我国优秀速滑运动员下肢关节伸屈肌群等速测试的个体研究与分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
陈新 《沈阳体育学院学报》2006,25(1):54-58
运用CYBEX NORM等速测力系统,对两名健将级女子速滑运动员左、右腿髋、膝、踝三关节的屈、伸肌群进行了向心运动形式的肌力测试,并根据需要对左、右腿膝关节还进行了等速离心测试,以便找出两人运动学差异的内在动力学原因,为改进技术提供动力学依据。同时描述了速滑运动员髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的力矩曲线特性,进行深入探讨。测试结果:两名运动员的髋关节肌力发展不平衡;快速运动中,二人膝屈肌的肌力水平较差;二人踝关节伸肌群在适应较快速度收缩能力方面较差。 相似文献