AIS数据对两船会遇中自动避碰决策的影响初探     

陶源 《上海海事大学学报》2002,23(3):27-31

通过分析AIS技术所提供的他船数据的性能和作用 ,提出了解决长期困扰自动避碰决策技术发展的两个问题 (即他船信息来源的可靠性问题和船舶间航行、避碰意图互相通报的问题 )的办法。还提出了将AIS作为自动避碰决策系统的他船数据信息来源的设想 ,并分析了这种设想的可行性。介绍了在AIS数据的支持下 ,上述困扰自动避碰决策技术研究多年的两个问题得到解决的情况 ;分析了AIS数据中的新信息 ,例如他船状态信息 (操限船、失控船、限于吃水船等 )和他船避碰意图发现的新方法 (实时监控他船动向 )等AIS优于ARPA的数据功能对于自动避碰决策的作用 ,并研究了其应用方法  相似文献   

研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为与成因研究     

金燕  刘琦  毕崇武 《图书情报工作》2022,66(18):84-94

[目的/意义]探索研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为及成因,为改善信息规避消极影响、提升学术搜索效果提供依据。[方法/过程]首先利用任务式搜索实验获取搜索行为数据;其次通过访谈、扎根理论编码析出各搜索环节的信息规避行为及其影响因素;然后结合实验和访谈归纳出信息规避行为引发的搜索模式及搜索路径;最后依据SOR理论构建不同搜索模式下的信息规避模型,并结合问卷调研分析各搜索环节的信息规避成因。[结果/结论]研究生学术搜索中的信息规避行为受任务、信息、环境、资本因素外部刺激,受心理因素内部驱动,受能力因素调节控制;信息规避行为引发了直线式和螺旋式 2种搜索模式,在心理因素的反作用下,螺旋式搜索模式是对直线式搜索模式下信息规避行为负面影响的主观矫正;信息规避行为有积极和消极之分,需要引导消极信息规避行为,减少其带来的不利影响。  相似文献   

Mapping the educational experiences of children with pathological demand avoidance     

Emma Gore Langton  Norah Frederickson 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2016,16(4):254-263

‘Pathological demand avoidance’ (PDA) describes a pattern of difficulties increasingly recognised as forming part of the autistic spectrum. Although clinical reports suggest that children with PDA are likely to experience considerable difficulties in education, their educational experiences have not yet been explored in any systematic way. In the current study, 42 parents of children with PDA completed a questionnaire about their child's educational experiences. Parents' responses indicated that this group of children displays high levels of problem behaviours in school, and receives corresponding high levels of special educational need support and professional involvement. Despite this support, the group had experienced high rates of exclusion and placement breakdown, with only 48% now in mainstream education. Parents reported relatively high satisfaction in their children's educational placements, with success defined by parents in terms of child outcomes, school characteristics and PDA‐specific factors. Findings are discussed with reference to what is known about the educational experiences of children with more typical autism spectrum conditions and in terms of the implications for the inclusion of this group of children with complex needs.  相似文献   

Trait Affection Given and Received: A Test of Hofstede’s Theoretical Framework     

Daniel H. Mansson  Aldís G. Sigurðardóttir 《Journal of Intercultural Communication Research》2017,46(2):161-172

This study sought to address Hofstede and McCrae’s (2004) call for systematic cross-cultural comparisons of trait-like attributes. Specifically, we examined the extent to which Danish, Icelandic, Polish, and American adults’ trait affection given and trait affection received are (a) dependent on national origin, and (b) associated with Hofstede’s dimensions of cultures (i.e. individualism-collectivism, masculinity-femininity, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance). The participants (N = 606) completed a questionnaire in English that consisted of the trait affection given and trait affection received scales. Results of a multivariate analysis of variance and linear regression analyses revealed that people’s trait affection given and received are (a) dependent on national origin, and (b) associated with Hofstede’s dimensions of cultures.  相似文献   

Facing the ”Literacy” Issue:     

《学校用计算机》2013,30(3):33-36

No abstract available for this article.  相似文献   

论第二语言学习中的回避现象     

翟弘 《嘉应学院学报》2005,23(4):115-117

本文阐述了不同语言学理论对第二语言学习中的回避现象所作的解释,分析了回避现象的消极影响具体表现在词汇、句型、语用等方面,指出在中国外语学习者中,回避现象作为一种学习策略被广泛误用。  相似文献   

A teacher-report measure of children's task-avoidant behavior: A validation study of the Behavioral Strategy Rating Scale     

Xiao Zhang  Jari-Erik Nurmi  Noona Kiuru  Marja-Kristiina Lerkkanen  Kaisa Aunola 《Learning and individual differences》2011,21(6):690-698

This study aims to validate a teacher-report measure of children's task-avoidant behavior, namely the Behavioral Strategy Rating Scale (BSRS), in a sample of 352 Finnish children. In each of the four waves from Kindergarten to Grade 2, teachers rated children's task-avoidant behavior using the BSRS, children completed reading and mathematics tests, and trained testers rated children's task-avoidant and social-dependent behavior after the test situation. Mothers also rated children's task-avoidant behavior in the last two waves. The results showed that a two-factor model including one factor representing task avoidance and one method factor accounting for wording effects among the negatively phrased items fitted the data best. The scale demonstrated strict measurement invariance across all four waves and satisfactory convergent and discriminant validity. Teacher-reported task avoidance was negatively associated with performance in reading and mathematics. The results suggest that the BSRS is a reliable, valid, and developmentally suitable instrument.  相似文献   

行政回避制度若干理论问题研究     

蒋君伟 《昆明师范高等专科学校学报》2007,29(1):56-58

行政回避制度是行政程序法上的基本制度。行政回避发生在行政程序中，与公务员回避、司法回避有一定的区别。行政回避制度根源于英国的自然正义原则及美国的程序公正原则。在行政程序法中，目标模式、基本原则、基本制度是密切联系的，由此，行政回避制度的逻辑起点在于人们对程序正义的期待。  相似文献   

论 VHF 通信与船舶避碰     

张秋荣 《上海海事大学学报》1998,(3)

ＶＨＦ作为一种通讯工具在避碰中的应用越来越被航海人员所重视。如果使用得当,可作为协助避碰的一种有效手段,但对于ＶＨＦ通信与避碰规则之间的关系,不少驾驶员认识不足,过于强调ＶＨＦ的作用而疏忽了对规则的遵守,导致碰撞事故频频发生。本文通过一系列的相关案例分析,提出正确使用ＶＨＦ协助避碰的措施。  相似文献   

APF方法在船舶自动避碰中的应用     

张鸣鸣  施朝健 《上海海事大学学报》2007,28(1):126-131

提出一种改进的人工势场(Artificial Potential Field,APF)方法,将船舶的速度和操纵特性引入到模型的引力和斥力函数中,用于实现船舶自动避碰.讨论APF中的局部最小点问题,并提出解决方法.  相似文献