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强化速滑运动员自行车训练手段的探讨 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对自行车训练手段与速滑运动的异同进行了运动学和生理学特征的对比分析,强调了自行车训练手段对提高速滑运动员专项能力和一般身体机能的重要作用,并介绍了合理安排自行车训练手段的方式、方法. 相似文献
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自行车作为速滑运动的一种训练手段已有几十年的历史了。国内外有许多运动员在非冰期系统采用了自行车训练手段,在速滑比赛中均取得了优异成绩。美国著名运动员艾利克·海登、希拉·杨等既是 相似文献
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研究速度滑冰运动员的膝关节及髋关节等速肌力与功率自行车及滑板运动的无氧功之间的关系。结果表明，膝关节及髋关节肌力与功率自行车及滑板滑行无氧功之间存在着密切的关系。为提高速滑运动员的竞技能力，除提高膝关节肌力之外，应积极地把髋关节肌力训练采纳到训练计划中是非常有必要的。 相似文献
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陆上训练是速滑运动的重要训练内容,体能训练是速滑陆上训练的主要内容。短距离高水平速滑运动员陆上体能训练的主要内容包括力量素质、速度素质和耐力素质三个方面,陆上体能训练方法手段主要有力量、弯道皮筋、自行车、滑板训练、跑跳及灵活性训练,全年的负荷量、强度变化曲线呈现倒＂U＂字型的走势,并指出陆上体能训练应具备专项化训练的特点。探讨短距离高水平速滑运动员陆上体能训练,对提高教练员重视体能训练的意识和项目体能训练的科学化程度具有重要意义。 相似文献
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应重视对少年速滑运动员的有氧耐力训练 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
少年速滑运动员训练的成败，是我国速滑项目早日赶上世界先进水平的关键。主要论述了少年速滑运动员进行有氧耐力训练的重要性，进行有氧耐力训练的有效方法及训练时应注意的问题等。以期为基层教练员指导少年速滑运动员训练提供参考。 相似文献
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就如何克服速滑教学玑训练的单调性和泛味性，激发速滑教学、训对象的兴趣与动机，论述了游戏与赛法在速滑教学与训练中所发挥的积极作用。它可提高速滑比赛的趣味性，活跃课堂气氛，激发学生的练习情趣，吸引更多的人们参加速滑运动的学习与训练，对促进速滑运动的广泛开展，发挥其重要作用。 相似文献
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克莱普(Clap Skate)新式冰刀的结构与性能 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
新式冰刀问世以来，使速滑成绩产生新的飞跃，速滑技术和训练方法也发生了巨大变革，了解速滑新冰刀的制作原理和性能特点，对于认识新技术、改进训练方法、实施针对性训练，迅速提高我国速滑运动水平至关重要。就此阐述新式冰刀的制作原理、结构特点、性能特点和技术原理，使速滑运动训练界进一步了解新冰刀，以使充分发掘速滑运动员的身体潜能和技术潜能。仅供速滑训练界参考。 相似文献
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有关高原训练中强度训练问题的探讨 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以我国体能类项目存在的问题为切入点,提出在高原训练中加强高速持续跑能力和冲刺跑能力训练的客观依据,使高原训练平原化,从训练理念上纠正因高原PO2降低带来的训练强度难以达到平原训练相似强度的观念,并在实践的基础上提出高原训练"耐力是基础,速度是关键,素质是保证"的总体思路. 相似文献
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Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18 - 30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles. 相似文献
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Jonathan P Folland Kate Hawker Ben Leach Tom Little David A Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(8):817-824
Strength training with isometric contractions produces large but highly angle-specific adaptations. To contrast the contractile mode of isometric versus dynamic training, but diminish the strong angle specificity effect, we compared the strength gains produced by isometric training at four joint angles with conventional dynamic training. Thirty-three recreationally active healthy males aged 18?–?30 years completed 9 weeks of strength training of the quadriceps muscle group three times per week. An intra-individual design was adopted: one leg performed purely isometric training at each of four joint angles (isometrically trained leg); the other leg performed conventional dynamic training, lifting and lowering (dynamically trained leg). Both legs trained at similar relative loads for the same duration. The quadriceps strength of each leg was measured isometrically (at four angles) and isokinetically (at three velocities) pre and post training. After 9 weeks of training, the increase in isokinetic strength was similar in both legs (pooled data from three velocities: dynamically trained leg, 10.7%; isometrically trained leg, 10.5%). Isometric strength increases were significantly greater for the isometrically trained leg (pooled data from four angles: dynamically trained leg, 13.1%; isometrically trained leg, 18.0%). This may have been due to the greater absolute torque involved with isometric training or a residual angle specificity effect despite the isometric training being divided over four angles. 相似文献
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Gordon Chalmers 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):239-249
Introductory textbooks commonly state that Golgi tendon organs (GTOs) are responsible for a reflex response that inhibits a muscle producing dangerously high tension (autogenic inhibition). Review of the relevant data from animal studies demonstrates that there is wide variability in the magnitude of, and even the presence of, GTO autogenic effects among locomotor hindlimb muscles, and that data on GTO effects under conditions of voluntary maximal muscle activation are lacking. A single available study on GTO function in humans, during a moderate contraction, surprisingly shows a reduction in autogenic inhibition during muscle‐force production. Further, it is not possible to find experimental evidence supporting the idea that strength training may produce a decrease in GTO mediated autogenic inhibition, allowing greater muscle activation levels and hence greater force production. 相似文献
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Gordon Chalmers 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(1):159-183
Literature concerning the theoretical role of spinal reflex circuits and their sensorimotor signals in proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) muscle stretching techniques was examined. Reviewed data do not support the assertion commonly made in PNF literature that contraction of a stretched muscle prior to further stretch, or contraction of opposing muscles during muscle stretch, produces relaxation of the stretched muscle. Further, following contraction of a stretched muscle, inhibition of the stretch reflex response lasts only 1 s. Studies examined suggested that decreases in the response amplitude of the Hoffmann and muscle stretch reflexes following a contraction of a stretched muscle are not due to the activation of Golgi tendon organs, as commonly purported, but instead may be due to presynaptic inhibition of the muscle spindle sensory signal. The current view on the complex manner by which the spinal cord processes proprioceptive signals was discussed. The ability of acute PNF stretching procedures to often produce a joint range of motion greater than that observed with static stretching must be explained by mechanisms other than the spinal processing of proprioceptive information. Studies reviewed indicate that changes in the ability to tolerate stretch and/or the vis‐coelastic properties of the stretched muscle, induced by PNF procedures, are possible mechanisms. 相似文献
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通过文献资料法、逻辑分析法、对比实验法针对念动训练在健美操教学训练中的应用进行对比实验,结果表明：念动训练这种心理学训练方法在健美操教学中具有优越性,对加深对动作的理解有着非常重要的作用,建议教师在健美操教学的各阶段中合理安排念动训练,提高教学效果。 相似文献
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王永胜 《山东体育学院学报》2012,28(6)
采用文献研究法、比较分析法和逻辑分析法,对运动训练过程中训练理念的意义以及六对训练理念的本质和要求进行了甄别分析.研究结果表明:在专项化训练过程中,要提倡与运动员水平相适应的早期专项化,反对早期成人化;提倡高度专项化,反对全面专项化;在一定条件下提倡负荷专项化,避免专项负荷大量化;重视运动训练的全面化,更要重视训练的整体化.运动训练要在技术规范化的基础上发展个体化特点;在遵循训练原则的基础上,强化指标量化调控. 相似文献
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注意是人的心理活动对一定客体的指向和集中,是一种不单独存在的心理活动,这种指向客体的稳定性、持久性、分配、转移、范围等指标,就是衡量注意的品质因素。一个优秀的射击运动员应具备良好的注意品质,注意品质是属于非智力因素的一种,也要进行艰苦、长期的训练,才能获得。 相似文献
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对训练周期理论和板块训练理论进行了比较后发现,两种理论的冲竞占、主要集中在高水平运动员是否适应新的参赛机制和高水平运动员专项能力提高的生物适应性以及训练理论模型适用的训练范围上;而对两种理论的辨析与思考,得出了训练理论与训练实践脱节的原因是训练理论模型的非真理性和训练理论模型的经验化。 相似文献