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The value of a non-sport-specific motor test battery in predicting performance in young female gymnasts 总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1
Vandorpe B Vandendriessche JB Vaeyens R Pion J Lefevre J Philippaerts RM Lenoir M 《Journal of sports sciences》2012,30(5):497-505
Gymnastics talent identification focuses on the identification of young gymnasts who display characteristics for potential success in the future. The aim of this study was to identify which current performance characteristics are related to performance in competition 2 years later. Twenty-three female gymnasts aged 7-8 years completed a multidimensional test battery measuring anthropometric, physical, and coordinative characteristics and were technically evaluated by expert coaches. Two years later, the all-around competition results of those gymnasts now participating in elite (n = 12) and sub-elite (n = 11) competition were obtained. None of the initial measurements significantly correlated with the results of the sub-elite gymnasts 2 years later. For the elite gymnasts, a non-sport-specific motor test battery correlated strongly with the competition result, with more than 40% of the variation in competition performance being explained by the result on that test 2 years earlier. Neither the coaches' judgement nor the anthropometric and physical characteristics were sensitive enough to predict performance. A motor coordination test might be valuable in the early identification of gymnasts, as its discriminative and predictive qualities might be sufficiently powerful for selection within a relatively homogeneous population of gymnasts exhibiting similar anthropometric and physical profiles. 相似文献
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通过对我国优秀男子竞技健美操运动员支撑与水平类动作B146难度动作的运动学分析,获得支撑与水平类动作B146动作的运动学参数,进一步清晰正确支撑与水平类动作B146难度动作技术概念和动作结构;分析支撑与水平类动作B146难度动作的正确技术要领,探讨其基本规律;为教练员运动员难度动作技术诊断及选材提供科学客观的依据。 相似文献
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我国优秀男子跆拳道运动员身体素质测量指标与评价标准研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
马波 《天津体育学院学报》2006,21(1):69-71
以陕西省、山西省、西安体育学院、河北省、黑龙江省和福建省男子跆拳道队共61名运动员为研究对象，运用问卷调查法和主成分分析及因子分析法，从21项初选身体素质指标中筛选出能有效反映我国优秀男子跆拳道运动员身体素质的4项指标，建立了身体素质特征模型和等级评价标准。旨在为教练员科学规划运动员的身体素质训练和跆拳道项目的选材提供参考依据。 相似文献
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目的：通过调查分析上海部分运动项目运动员不同季节维生素D的营养状况,为制定合理的预防及改善措施、科学设计运动训练计划、促进运动员身体健康并提高运动成绩提供客观依据。方法：女子足球、女子排球、女子体操共45名上海职业运动员,分别在冬季、春季、夏季、秋季的季中月末4次空腹抽取静脉血进行血清25-(OH)D水平的测试,分析这些项目运动员不同季节体内25-(OH)D水平及维生素D营养状况。结果：(1)上海女子足球、女子排球、女子体操运动员维生素D水平缺乏及不足的情况均较为严重,且不同季节间存在显著性差异,25-(OH)D整体水平秋季和春季相对较高,冬季和夏季相对较低,其中秋季维生素D正常率最高,缺乏率最低;冬季维生素D正常率最低,缺乏率最高;(2)室内项目上海女排运动员及体操运动员冬季维生素D缺乏率最高,且无人达到正常水平;体操运动员4个季节的维生素D缺乏率均明显高于女排和女足运动员,且四季均无人达到正常水平;(3)室外项目上海女足运动员秋季25-(OH)D水平最高,维生素D正常率也最高,且无人缺乏;夏季维生素D缺乏率最高,并显著低于室内项目上海女排运动员的体内水平。结论：上海部分项目运动员维生素D营养状况缺乏及不足的问题广泛存在,在夏季不同运动项目,尤其是室外项目女足运动员,及体操运动员四季维生素D不足及缺乏问题不容忽视,定期检测运动员25-(OH)D水平来评估体内维生素D营养状况十分重要。建议：(1)需加强运动员和教练员的宣传教育工作,保证运动员不同季节充足、合理的日晒时间;(2)冬季是需要补充维生素D的主要季节,体操运动员尤其要注意维生素D强化食品或适量的维生素D制剂的补充。 相似文献
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通过检索国内外有关体操运动员初级选材资料、问卷调查法以及专家访谈法．从青少年体操运动员的初级选材入手，简要讨论少年体操运动员身体形态、素质、心理能力等方面的选材指标，筛选出青少年体操运动员选材的敏感指标，以提高体操运动员选材的科学化水平： 相似文献
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文章运用问卷调查法对湖北省20所中小学和11所非体育高校的师生进行调查研究,以期从中找出学校武术发展的阻碍原因。结果表明,学校武术发展的障碍因素主要有：根深蒂固的教育体制与学校武术教育目标相悖,主体需要的变化与学校武术特点的制约,主体需要与学校武术教学内容、教学形式不一致,武术教育体系的不完善与学校武术价值功能方面的实现等,并提出学校武术发展要坚持学校武术继承性和时代性相结合,统一性与灵活性相结合、民族性与世界性相结合。 相似文献
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文章综合武术运动员选材经验,根据武术专业女运动员的形态学特征,对武术套路运动员选材的依据、内容、标准及测试方法等进行了分析探讨,为武术女运动员的科学化选材提供参考。 相似文献
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通过对参加2008年北京奥运会，中国优秀男子竞技体操运动员和国外优秀男子竞技体操运动员的身高、体重、年龄、克托莱指数比较分析，发现中国运动员身高、体重低于国外运动员，年龄特征方面不存在显著性差异。 相似文献
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With the advent of Title IX, the proportion of female participants in interscholastic sport has risen sharply while the proportion of female coaches has dropped precipitously. This paper seeks to determine whether there are any differences in coaching philosophy by gender. Questionnaires were sent to the coaches of 600 high school girls' basketball teams selected randomly from the 48 contiguous states. There were 250 usable ones returned for a response rate of 42%. The questionnaires included items designed to assess the attitudes and behaviors of coaches in five areas of coaching philosophy: (1) the coach's role in the overall development of athletes; (2) conditions believed essential to maximize team performance; (3) team rules used; (4) use of sports aphorisms; and (5) expectations of athletes. Summing the findings, we found that in 83 of the 100 comparisons there were no statistical differences in the means of the male and female coaches. In the 17 instances where there were statistically significant differences, 14 times the female coaches were on the more traditional side. Several possible explanations for this interesting finding are discussed. 相似文献
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Abstract With the advent of Title IX, the proportion of female participants in interscholastic sport has risen sharply while the proportion of female coaches has dropped precipitously. This paper seeks to determine whether there are any differences in coaching philosophy by gender. Questionnaires were sent to the coaches of 600 high school girls' basketball teams selected randomly from the 48 contiguous states. There were 250 usable ones returned for a response rate of 42%. The questionnaires included items designed to assess the attitudes and behaviors of coaches in five areas of coaching philosophy: (1) the coach's role in the overall development of athletes; (2) conditions believed essential to maximize team performance; (3) team rules used; (4) use of sports aphorisms; and (5) expectations of athletes. Summing the findings, we found that in 83 of the 100 comparisons there were no statistical differences in the means of the male and female coaches. In the 17 instances where there were statistically significant differences, 14 times the female coaches were on the more traditional side. Several possible explanations for this interesting finding are discussed. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to extend understanding of how athletes and coaches in a women’s cycling talent development and selection programme negotiate and normalise athlete abuse in the media. A thematic analysis of six online cycling magazine articles and their representations of the Australian women’s elite cycling development camp was analysed to explore athletic abuse and the (re)production of coaching practices using Bourdieusian theory. The findings revealed a link between the expression of coaching practice and the maltreatment of athletes. Analysis of these articles also revealed that athletes were complicit in the normalisation of coaching practices through the misrecognition of social power embedded in the coaching intervention. The representations by athletes within the articles contributed narratives related to the reproduction and proliferation of abusive coaching practices. This study extends understanding of how taken for granted and power laden aspects of coaching practices can be presented in the media and highlights the implications for coaches, athletes and the general public that consume online cycling media content. 相似文献
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科学的羽毛球选材越来越受到体育教练员的重视。选好材是成功的一半,成功的选材是必不可少因素。当然,成功的选材只是创造了良好的先决条件,并不等于出人才,真正的人才是经过千锤百炼铸就出来的,科学的选材能提供成功的可能性,并使这种可能性扩大。每个体育项目的对选材的标准和要求是不相同的,从实践看选拨羽毛球运动的人才首先应考虑运动员对羽毛球运动的兴趣,然后再从先天条件和后天的接受能力和因人而宜的训练方法择优选择。 相似文献
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Jörg Schorer Irene Faber Till Koopmann Dirk Büsch Joseph Baker 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(19):2208-2214
ABSTRACT Despite the importance of technique and tactics for athlete performance, there has been surprisingly little research on the value of these skills in talent identification and development. This study investigated the relationship between coaches’ early notational analyses of female youth handball players and the long-term success of these athletes. Participants included sixty-eight female handball players involved in a talent selection camp in Germany when they were between 12 and 14 years of age (mean = 14.42, SD = 0.42). All subsequently ended up as non-, semi- or professional adult players. During the initial selection camp, participants were evaluated on a range of quantitative and qualitative measures of technical and tactical skill. Results indicated significant differences between the groups, but only for the number of actions taken, not for the quality of those actions. While this seems counterintuitive, it may reflect the likelihood that more skilled and/or talented players take more actions. Further work is necessary to explore the validity and implications of these findings. 相似文献
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一、1997—2006年仲满训练、比赛情况 仲满出生在江苏省南通海安县。上小学时就进入海安县少体校练长跑。1997年14岁时,在一次篮球比赛中,被南通市体校击剑教练发现,并输送到江苏省佩剑队。我第一眼看中仲满的原因是：身高条件好,手臂长,动作反应敏捷,有速度,爆发力在同年龄队员中比较好,特别难能可贵的是他有一种天生的“距离感”,加上练起来很拼命。是个天生练击剑的好苗子。仲满直接进入了江苏省佩剑队,这里是他梦开始的地方。 相似文献
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通过对有音乐伴奏项目的国家队、省队教练员和运动员共110人进行调查,运用专家访谈、文献资料调研、个案分析等方法研究表明,成套创编时对抽象素材的理性提升、音乐的选择、动作设计、动作构图等方面是影响运动员赛场二次创作的主要因素;训练过程中运动员接受动作设计,复制成套的动作设计以及演绎成套动作,阐述主题的表现是运动员赛场二次创作的关键阶段;运动员的技术水平和竞技能力以及所接受的艺术熏陶,文化底蕴是运动员二次创作的基本保证.这些因素影响着运动员竞技实力的展现,最终体现于竞赛成绩之中. 相似文献
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运用CSAI-2问卷对上海市大学生运动员赛前焦虑和状态自信心的研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
已修订出中国常模的CSAI-2问卷是信度和效度高的多维焦虑测量工具,它包括三个分量表:认知状态焦虑、躯体状态焦虑和状态自信心。运用该问卷测查235名参加大学生运动会田径和篮球比赛的被试赛前焦虑反应和状态自信必,结果表明:(1)躯体状态焦虑的强度是区分田径和篮球项目类型良好的预测因子;(2)认知状态焦虑的强度是区分运动技能水平或临场技能发挥得好坏的良好预测因子;(3)竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心的强度与被试主观上所认知到的任务难度密切有关。因此,为使运动员有适宜的竞赛焦虑反应和状态自信心,教练员除了不断提高运动员的技能水平之外,应当结合项目的要求加强对运动员的心理训练(尤其是认知训练),并注意在赛前激起他们符合任务特征的唤醒水平。 相似文献
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从运动员选材角度探讨不同项目足弓形态特点及在跳深实验中足弓形态与支撑时间关系，以期为足弓形态应用于田径运动员选材提供科学依据。研究对象：上海市一、二线短跑和中长跑共84名运动员，其中男子短跑运动员34名，女子短跑运动员19名，男子中长跑运动员21名，女子中长跑10名。方法：所有研究对象均进行身高、体重、足弓形态、跳深实验测试，然后分组研究足弓形态与跳深实验中支撑时间关系。结果：男女均表现出足弓低的组支撑时间快于足弓高的组支撑时间；短跑和中长跑项目中男女优秀组的足弓均出现低于一般组的趋势；短跑男子优秀组和一般组的足弓基本都低于中长跑优秀组和一般组的趋势。结论：足弓高低是影响短跑或中长跑运动员支撑时间长短的重要因素，在运动员选材中或对教练员训练中有重要的指导意义。 相似文献
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对我国体育运动学校田径项目办学效益的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
采用文献调研、问卷调查和数理统计等方法进行了研究 ,结果提示 :我国体校教练员仅注重于把向上一级输送和成为国内优秀运动员作为后备人才培养的目标 ,没有把后备人才培养与奥运争光战略结合起来 ;以世界大赛前 8名作为成材标准 ,我国田径项目后备人才的成材率仅为 3.4 4‰ ;路径分析表明 ,我国田径后备人才培养的竞技效益主要只体现于国内比赛 ,而不是奥运会和世界锦标赛 相似文献