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为了科学准确的评价我国汽车制造企业的绩效,从汽车制造企业的盈利能力、经营发展能力、偿债能力等方面出发,建立了企业运营能力绩效评价指标体系,并运用数据包络分析方法,对汽车制造企业绩效的有效性进行了实证研究,为我国汽车产业绩效评价提供了二次相对评价的方法。 相似文献
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<正> 一、汽车市场演变对企业制造模式发展战略的影响 我国汽车工业尚处在传统制造模式下,即产品国产化、开发派生车的阶段,“九五”中国汽车工业的战略目标是摆脱不能自主开发产品的被动局面,建立自主开发研究的科技体系,形成自主开发产品的能力。传统制造模式,它是建立在规模经济基础之上,靠企业规模生产批量产品结构标准化和重复性来获得竞争优势,这样的企业 相似文献
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企业核心能力评价是核心能力研究的重要环节,如何恰当、准确地对不同行业、不同类型企业的核心能力进行评价获得了越来越多的关注。首先归纳了企业核心能力评价的基本原则,从定性、定量、定性定量相结合三方面对现有的评价方法进行梳理,并进一步考察了房地产企业、高新技术企业、制造企业的核心能力评价研究现状。 相似文献
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数字经济背景下,数字化创新能力已成为企业面向全球数字化与创新驱动发展浪潮的核心要义,识别制造企业数字化创新能力的结构维度成为基础性问题。首先界定了数字化创新背景下的企业数字化创新能力的概念,在此基础上引入创新价值链理论,探析制造企业数字化创新过程;接下来通过探索性多案例研究方法,选取六家不同规模不同类型的制造企业,对其数字化创新过程进行扎根分析;最终构建制造企业数字化创新能力结构模型,并对模型进行了理论阐释。研究发现,制造企业的数字化创新能力可以解构为三大能力模块,即数字化创新产生能力、数字化创新转化能力、数字化创新实施能力。该研究可为开展制造企业数字化创新能力评价及提升提供参考和启示。 相似文献
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以2013—2017年我国智能制造上市企业相关数据为研究样本,首先运用数据包络分析(DEA)交叉效率模型对样本企业的技术创新效率进行测度分析,其次通过Tobit回归模型分析影响企业技术创新效率的因素及程度。实证研究结果表明:我国智能制造上市企业之间技术创新效率差距较大且整体效率偏低,年平均效率集中在0.35～0.4之间,但随着时间推移,整体呈上升趋势;甄别影响因素发现,企业偿还能力、企业盈利能力、企业营运能力、企业规模和智能制造领域核心产业的市场规模对企业技术创新效率均有正向影响,其中企业运营能力影响显著,而企业规模影响较小。最后就提高我国智能制造企业技术创新效率提出3点建议。 相似文献
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通过对核心企业与核心企业技术联盟的内涵进行界定,以核心能力为基点探讨核心企业选择联盟伙伴的原则;同时,运用灰色聚类分析工具,对核心技术联盟内部伙伴选择进行了定量分析,并给出了一个汽车制造企业内部零部件企业合作伙伴选择的实例加以论证,最后得到结论:核心企业技术联盟这种运作模式对于核心企业获取持续竞争优势有着重要价值。 相似文献
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后发国家汽车制造企业技术能力成长路径研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
本文选取具有代表性的后发国家自主品牌轿车制造企业，通过对其技术能力的成长比较， 探讨后发国家汽车制造企业的技术能力成长路径。在基于汽车产业的模块化特点和技术能力的知识本质性分析的基础上，指出汽车制造企业技术能力的成长是模块化知识系统的成长，并界定了汽车模块系统中的系统知识、模块知识和关键模块。通过对后发国家自主品牌轿车制造企业不同成长阶段内企业技术能力的成长进行比较，总结后发国家汽车制造企业的技术能力成长路径，指出系统知识对于模块知识的时序优先成长。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献