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《新体育》2005,(2):63-63
1、菲尔普斯(Phelps) 美国男子游泳运动员 19岁的美国神童菲尔普斯,在2004年雅典奥运会上独揽男子200米、400米个人混合泳,100米、200米蝶泳,4×200米自由泳接力和4×100米混合泳接力6枚金牌,以及200米自由泳和4×100米自由泳接力铜牌,成为本届奥运会泳池中的最大赢家。2、刘翔(Liu Xiang) 中国男子田径运动员 21岁的刘翔在雅典奥运会男子110米栏比赛中,以12秒91平世界纪录的成绩战胜众多欧美选手勇夺金牌,而这枚金牌也是中国男选手在奥运会上夺得的第一枚田径金牌。3、王义夫(Wang Yifu) 中国男子射击运… 相似文献
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《新体育》2005,(3):63-63
1、菲尔普斯(Phelps)美国男子游泳运动员19岁的美国神童菲尔普斯,在2004年雅典奥运会上独揽男子200米、400米个人混合泳,100米、200米蝶泳,4×200米自由泳接力和4×100米混合泳接力6枚金牌,以及200米自由泳和4×100米自由泳接力铜牌,成为本届奥运会泳池中的最大赢家。2、刘翔(LiuXiang)中国男子田径运动员21岁的刘翔在雅典奥运会男子110米栏比赛中,以12秒91平世界纪录的成绩战胜众多欧美选手勇夺金牌,而这枚金牌也是中国男选手在奥运会上夺得的第一枚田径金牌。3、王义夫(WangYifu)中国男子射击运动员44岁的老将王义夫,从1984年中国奥运史… 相似文献
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运用数理统计法等对伦敦奥运会中国游泳队成绩进行数据统计和比较分析。主要结论:中国队整体实力提高较大,领先于第2集团,但与美国队的差距依然较大;中国队在女子蝶泳、个人混合泳以及男子中长距离自由泳等项目上具有较强的金牌竞争力;中国队在仰泳、女子接力以及男子4×200m接力项目上具有一定的奖牌竞争力,但与欧美强国有一定的差距;中国队蛙泳、短距离自由泳以及男子个人混合泳、4×100m自由泳和混合泳接力项目的实力较弱。 相似文献
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通过对国家男子轮椅竞速队4×100m接力运动员接力每棒最佳起动时机的分析,以获取接力队员独立的每棒距离速度时间变化及相应的起动时间,用数值积分法计算最佳的接棒起动距离时机并和实际接力训练中的接棒起动距离时机进行比较.认为国家男子轮椅竞速队接力训练中出发距离偏小,启动时机过晚;根据最佳起动距离时机范围作接力测试时,交接棒可在前接力区完成,接力成绩有所提高.提出国家男子轮椅竞速队接力训练中要延长起动距离时机;计算的最佳出发起动时机可作为接力技术训练中起动距离时机设置的参考. 相似文献
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2004年1月24日,日本女子游泳选手山田沙知子在日本兵库县西宫市举办的游泳比赛中,以8分13秒35的成绩刷新了短池800米自由泳世界纪录。该项原世界纪录(8分14秒35)是山田沙知子本人在2002年4月份的日本短池游泳锦标赛上创造的。在今天的比赛上,山田在前半程的速度就超过了世界纪录,后半程的速度略微有些减慢,最终将自己保持的世界纪录缩短了1秒。山田沙知子是日本女子自由泳长距离的顶尖级代表。其中标准池(50米)的自由泳400米、800米、1500米等日本纪录都是她创造的。她曾经代表日本参加了悉尼奥运会比赛,也是有望在雅典奥运会上夺取奖牌的选… 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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结合欧洲足球技战术的发展特点,就鲁能泰山足球队的体能训练、技术训练、防守阵型、进攻方式、定位球、职业态度、球星培养等诸方面所存在的不足进行了分析,提出相应的改进意见。 相似文献