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铁人三项虽然包括游泳、骑车和长跑三个项目,但是跑步对总成绩的影响最大,我国男子铁人三项运动员在游泳和骑车赛段中并不逊色于国外的优秀运动员,但是跑步赛段中的差距却很明显。在本次高原训练中迫切需要建立科研与训练相结合的模式,发掘优秀队员的潜能,提高单项成绩,创造我国男子铁人三项最好成绩。 相似文献
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6月17日,2011—2012年度全国钓鱼锦标赛总决赛暨2012-2013年度全国钓鱼锦标赛首场分站赛——宿州站比赛落下帷幕。全国钓鱼锦标赛创办于2004年,为国家体育总局社会体育指导中心主办,是我国竞技钓鱼运动员广为推崇与认可的比赛,所有参赛运动员成绩均列入国家运动员等级积分。 相似文献
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网球赛事多,比赛频,如何处理好训练与比赛的关系是关键,合理优化地安排训练和比赛是获取比赛胜利的重要环节。本文以北京奥运积分周期为例,分析国家女子网球队备战北京奥运会期间的训练和比赛安排相关问题,研究结果表明运动员在奥运积分周期这一特殊赛季的训练和比赛安排具有明显的特殊性,如何选赛、参赛是奥运积分周期的关键问题。 相似文献
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通过对世界网球优秀运动员的年度竞赛次数及大赛前的参赛次数的研究,发现世界优秀运动员年度参赛次数有逐渐减少的趋势,大赛前的参赛次数在2次左右。此外,还通过对优秀运动员年度赛事的安排以及年度赛程的安排进行了分析,发现大满贯冠军运动员所参赛赛事的级别和竞赛日程安排都呈现出一定的规律。 相似文献
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为大力发展世界乒乓球职业大联盟比赛(WTT),国际乒联全面创新了竞赛规程,给运动员及赛事本身带来重要影响。本文运用文献资料法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法,对WTT新规程的赛事体系、积分规则及比赛规则进行全面审视,分析新规程对WTT赛事及运动员带来的影响情况。结果表明：扩大赛事规模能够有效提升运动员的参赛人数和参赛频率;加大赛事积分分差有助于提高顶级运动员的参赛效率;差异化的赛制设置能够增加比赛结果的偶然性和爆冷率;大幅增加奖金可以进一步提升赛事的国际影响力。 相似文献
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积分绑架与应对策略——国际乒联T2钻石联赛冷思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
国际乒联于2019年推行的T2钻石联赛首次采用高奖金和高积分的“双高”激励机制,旨在吸引世界优秀运动员参赛,进而提升赛事本身影响力。研究认为,T2钻石联赛与运动员的积分挂钩,导致包括中国在内的世界各国优秀乒乓球运动员被迫参赛,明显具有“积分绑架”的意味,看似为运动员提供福利,实则容易引发一系列连锁反应,暴露出的弊端显而易见。当前,在国际赛事密集、运动员频繁参赛的的大背景下,中国乒协需要冷静面对,通过针对性选择赛事、调整原有集训方式、依托团队作战模式、创新训练手段、突出专项体能地位等有效举措积极适应国际乒联推行的新政,将新赛事对中国乒乓球运动员可能带来的不利影响降到最低。 相似文献
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5月25日,第14届世界元老乒乓球锦标赛在巴西里约热内卢举行。来自全世界59个国家的近2000名运动员．在5天的时间里进行了6000场比赛,这样的规模也使本次锦标赛成为了世界范围内规模最大、参赛人数最多、水平最高的业余赛事。同时这也是中国乒乓球协会第五次组团参赛。 相似文献
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世界网坛最负盛雹名的赛事,按其出现先后依次为：“全英草地网球锦标赛”（1877年始于伦敦近郊的温布尔顿镶．到本世纪初才有外国球员多参赛而成为国际赛事,两次大战用间1915~1918、1940~1945年共停赛10零）、“美国全国草地网球锦标赛”（1881年始于纽波特的卡西诺俱乐部,1915年比赛移到纽约尔的西边网球俱乐团的草场地上举行,1976、1977年比赛是在该俱乐部的沙土场地上进行的．从而结束了长达95年的草地网球传统,1978年比赛迁至现出过,改在塑胶硬地上进行）、“法国全国网球赛”（1891年始于巴黎,到1925年才允许外国坏员参赛,两次… 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献
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影响和限制耐力性运动项目的成绩的生理因素是复杂的和多方面的,取决于训练的强度和运动成绩.大强度持续性运动可导致呼吸肌疲劳.运动性呼吸疲劳可能在决定运动耐量方面起到关键的作用：一方面通过直接影响运动肌力量的生成（外周疲劳）,另一方面,通过肢体用力自感不安反馈引起工作肌运动单位输出功率下降（中枢疲劳）.对呼吸肌进行训练,可能有助于提高耐力性项目的运动成绩. 相似文献
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青少年业余足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型初探 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据Scanlan等人最新提出的运动倾向性理论模型,结合我国实际情况建立了青少年足球运动员运动倾向性5因素结构模型。运动倾向性被定义为:渴望和决心继续参加足球运动的心理状态。所建立的5因素结构模型认为,运动倾向性是由运动乐趣、参与选择、个人投入、社会约束及参与机会5个因素决定。经确定5个决定因素和运动倾向性的操作定义,编制了相应调查问卷,通过对北京市252名青少年足球运动员实测结果,建立运动倾向性及其影响因素的协方差结构模型,用Lisre 18分析的结果表明:该运动倾向性模型比较符合北京青少年足球运动员。其中运动乐趣、个人投入、参与机会和参与选择4因素对运动倾向性有影响;社会约束对运动倾向性影响不大。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the lactate minimum speed test to changes in endurance fitness resulting from a 6 week training intervention. Sixteen participants (mean +/- s :age 23 +/- 4 years;body mass 69.7 +/- 9.1 kg) completed 6 weeks of endurance training. Another eight participants (age 23 +/- 4 years; body mass 72.7 +/-12.5 kg) acted as non-training controls. Before and after the training intervention, all participants completed: (1) a standard multi-stage treadmill test for the assessment of VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold and running speed at a reference blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 ; and (2) the lactate minimum speed test, which involved two supramaximal exercise bouts and an 8 min walking recovery period to increase blood lactate concentration before the completion of an incremental treadmill test. Additionally, a subgroup of eight participants from the training intervention completed a series of constant-speed runs for determination of running speed at the maximal lactate steady state. The test protocols were identical before and after the 6 week intervention. The control group showed no significant changes in VO 2max , running speed at the lactate threshold, running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 or the lactate minimum speed.In the training group, there was a significant increase in VO 2max (from 47.9 +/- 8.4 to 52.2 +/- 2.7 ml.kg -1 .min -1 ), running speed at the maximal lactate steady state (from 13.3 +/- 1.7 to 13.9 +/- 1.6 km.h -1 ), running speed at the lactate threshold (from 11.2 +/- 1.8 to 11.9 +/- 1.8 km.h -1 ) and running speed at a blood lactate concentration of 3 mmol.l -1 (from 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 13.2 +/- 2.1 km.h -1 ) (all P ? 0.05). Despite these clear improvements in aerobic fitness, there was no significant difference in lactate minimum speed after the training intervention (from 11.0 +/- 0.7 to 10.9 +/- 1.7 km.h -1 ). The results demonstrate that the lactate minimum speed,when assessed using the same exercise protocol before and after 6 weeks of aerobic exercise training, is not sensitive to changes in endurance capacity. 相似文献