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本文利用中国老年人健康长寿调查(Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity,CLHLS)2005年的数据在控制个体社会人口学特征变量之后,考察了地区收入不平等、健康对我国老年人主观幸福感的影响。主要得到了三个基本结论:首先,收入不平等对我国老年人的主观幸福感有显著的负面影响,而且它主要是通过影响老年人的健康间接地影响其主观幸福感;其次,收入不平等对老年人幸福感的影响存在显著的城乡差异,它对农村老年人的负面影响要远大于城市的老年人,而且在控制了健康变量之后,收入不平等对农村老年人主观幸福感的影响依旧在10%统计水平下显著,对城市老年人不再显著;最后,收入不平等对有无医疗保险的老年人幸福感存在显著差异,有医疗保险的老年人幸福水平更高,收入不平等对他们幸福感的负面影响相对要小得多。 相似文献
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为研究社会网络对老年人幸福感的影响,通过对青岛市老年人的问卷调查以及访谈,从社会网络规模、社会网络异质性、老年人生活内容的均衡性调节三方面探讨对幸福感的影响,青岛市养老工作仍然存在"区隔式"的生活环境、关键元素介入不足、网络获致能力分化与"孤立节点"出现等问题。应该清楚认识老年人幸福生活内涵的变迁,尽力培育重建公共空间,减少网络的"孤立节点",以志愿者增强网络的异质性与可延展性,重塑老年人社会网络。 相似文献
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当前,我国人口老龄化发展迅速,并呈现出独特的特征。在社会发展中,老年人口的不断增长对我国农村老年社会保障产生了重大影响。面对人口老龄化的挑战,我国应建立健全农村老年社会保障制度。文章运用马斯洛的需要层次理论提出应建立适合老年人需要的全方位的、分层次的综合保障体系,使农村老年人真正“老有所养、老有所医、老有所乐、老有所学、老有所为”。 相似文献
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我国人口老龄化的问题涉及到千家万户,特别是老年人的居住问题直接影响到每个家庭,影响到社会各个层面.住宅设计应如何适应老龄化社会,如何满足老年人的住房需求,已成为我们迫切需要考虑的问题.本文简要分析了老年人的生理和心理特性,并以此提出了老年人住宅建筑设计的几个要点. 相似文献
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以往有关老年人的社会支持系统和生活满意度间关系的研究,主要集中在将社会支持系统区分为不同维度,探讨不同维度的社会支持及其利用率对老年人生活满意度的影响.本研究通过问卷调查,研究期望社会支持与实际社会支持间的差异这一中介变量对老年人生活满意度的影响.同时,运用IPC心理控制源量表初步探讨影响期望与实际社会支持间差异的因素.结果显示:期望与实际社会支持间的差异与老年人生活满意度存在显著性相关,而影响老年人对这种差异知觉的主要心理控制源是他控性. 相似文献
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中国已进入老龄化社会,老年人的健康问题越来越引起社会的关注老年人对体育和健身的自我重视程度也越来越高．根据老年人的身体特征和我国的社会、经济发展情况,笔者认为,太极拳与书法在老年人健身方面具有其他项目无法比拟的优越性并且,二者具有极强的通融性,可谓是珠联璧合、相得益彰。 相似文献
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随着我国人口老龄化现象的日趋发展,老年人的健康状况已经成为一个备受社会关注的问题。关心、关爱老年人健康是当今社会义不容辞的责任,本文从老年体育入手,对老年体育的作用、现状及发展策略进行了深入分析和研究,为我国老龄化社会下老年人合理、科学地参加体育运动,提高健康水平提供理论参考。 相似文献
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我国社会现正趋于老龄化,如何正确对待老年人正成为社会关注的焦点.对老人来说,谁都喜欢在一个舒适安全的居住环境里享受晚年生活,因此住宅设计更应适应老龄社会,如何满足老年人的住房需求,已成为我们所面临的、迫切需要考虑的问题.总结了国内外对于老年人居建筑设计的现状,分析了老年人生理及心理的特性,并就此对老年人的居住建筑设计进行了一些探索. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献