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澳门学生参加课外体育活动现状的调查研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
张海莉 《上海体育学院学报》2003,27(6):89-91
运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、专家访谈法和数理统计法等研究方法，调查分析了澳门学生参加课外体育活动现状。结果表明，澳门约有53％的学生不同程度地参加课外体育活动，但活动的强度和参与次数明显不足；有31％的学生从不参加课外体育活动。澳门50％的学生对体育活动有兴趣，增强体质、调节身心、休闲娱乐和交际等是澳门学生参加课外体育活动的主要价值取向，约有57％的学生有参与型体育消费观念。 相似文献
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中国与经济发达国家体育人口的比较分析 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
运用文献资料与比较分析的方法，对中国与世界经济发达国家观赏、关心体育的人口、参加体育人口的数量、体育人口的演进、体育活动项目、国民体育价值观念、体育消费等状况进行研究。从社会学和文化学的视角，分析中国与世界经济发达国家体育人口的差异；揭示中国与世界各国国民体育价值观念、参加体育活动项目、体育消费的基本特征。 相似文献
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通过对军事院校学员参加体育活动的问卷调查，了解和研究学员参加体育活动的内外影响因素，提高学员参加体育活动的积极性，在参加体育活动中达到高质量和高效率，不断增强学员体质，提高学员体能水平，达到现代高技术战争对军人体质的要求。 相似文献
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广州市机关干部体育健身现状调查 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
通过对广州市机关干部参与体育健身活动现状的调查，发现广州市机关干部经常参加体育活动的较少；参加体育活动的场所较多地集中在公共体育场馆和单位体育活动场所，机关干部对所居住的社区体育活动场所满意程度不高；机关干部参加最多的体育活动项目是散步、乒乓球和跑步；机关干部参加体育活动的主要形式是单位组织的体育活动；机关干部体育消费以实物性消费为主并呈多元化趋势。 相似文献
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文章运用问卷调查、文献资料和数理统计等研究方法，对太原市中学教师双休日体育活动情况进行了调研。结果显示教师参加体育活动的动机是多层次的；活动内容以健行或慢跑、羽毛球等休闲项目为首要的选择；活动的时段多选择在双休日的早晨和下午；活动的组织形式大部分为家庭、朋友；工作负担重，生活压力大，运动场地不足，组织形式单一是影响教师参加双休日体育活动的主要因素。 相似文献
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张海莉 《上海体育学院学报》2003,27(5):97-99
运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、数理统计法等，对影响澳门学生参加课外体育活动的因素进行分析。结果表明，学习负担过重和运动场地、器材不足以及缺少运动伙伴等外在客观条件是学生参加课外体育活动的主要影响因素；怕影响学习、怕辛苦和没有良好的运动习惯等主观因素在一定程度上制约着学生参加课外体育活动。建议通过认真贯彻和完善有关法规制度，以及学校、社会和家庭紧密合作，开展各种形式的课外体育活动等措施。改变学生参加课外体育活动明显不足的状况，改善和提高学生体质。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献