首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
研究对青少年网球运动员为人格特征、心境状态和运动表现的基本情况进行调查与分析,并对二者之间的关系和影响作用情况进行了初步探讨。采用文献资料、问卷调查、实地考察、数理统计等研究方法,对参加2009年全国青少年网球比赛的207名运动员的基本情况、人格特征和运动表现进行调查,对收集的数据进行基本描述统计分析,两个独立样本的T检验,方差分析和相关分析。结果表明:(1)青少年网球运动员的人格特征在内外向、神经质量表上均不存在性别、年龄、运动等级和主力与否上的差异,但在精神质维度上存在年龄上的差异。(2)青少年网球运动员的运动表现能力不存在性别、主力与否上的差异,不同年龄和不同运动等级的运动员在方案的实施/执行和有效战术两个维度上存在显著性差异。(3)青少年网球运动员人格特征中的精神质维度与网球运动表现中的疲劳、焦虑呈正相关,与其他运动表现维度没有相关性;内外向维度与网球运动表现中的方案的执行/实施、决心、流畅、有效战术呈显著正相关,与失去沉着呈负相关;神经质维度与网球运动表现中的失去沉着、焦虑、疲劳呈高度显著正相关,与决心、流畅、有效战术呈高度显著负相关,与方案的执行/实施呈显著负相关。(4)青少年网球运动员人格内外向影响网球运表现的方案的实施/执行、失去沉着、决心、流畅和有效战术,神经质影响网球运动表现的方案的实施/执行、失去沉着、决心、疲劳、焦虑、流畅和有效战术,精神质影响网球运动表现中的疲劳和焦虑。  相似文献   

2.
注意是体育教学和训练中对运动技能监控和调节及全面提高教学和训练质量的一个值得十分重视的问题.运用实验测试的方法对网球专选班学生和网球运动员在不同运动年限和性别上注意品质的差异进行了研究,并对网球专选班学生和网球运动员的注意品质进行了比较分析.  相似文献   

3.
为考察应激与运动员倦怠关系及其中介变量,采用运动员倦怠问卷(ABQ)等测量工具,对专业运动员进行研究.结果:从事闭锁式和开放式运动项目的运动员对倦怠的各维度均存在主效应;结构方程模型分析结果支持了修正后的理论假设模型.结论:①情绪/身体耗竭在性别上存在显著性差异,女性高于男性;成就感降低在运动等级上存在显著差异;从事运动5年以下的运动员成就感降低最明显,从事运动9年以上的运动员运动贬低最强烈.②从事个人项目与集体项目的运动员倦怠水平无差异;运动员倦怠的3个维度在开放式运动项目与闭锁式运动项目上均存在显著性差异.③应激可直接影响运动员倦怠,也可通过自我效能感及自尊等中介变量对运动员倦怠产生影响.  相似文献   

4.
优秀运动员应激源与运动心理疲劳关系研究   总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2  
依据Smith认知-情感理论模型及Silva消极训练应激反应模型,采用<运动员应激量表>、<运动员心理疲劳问卷>对132名一级以上11个项目的在训运动员进行调查,结果发现:优秀运动员应激水平属于中等偏低,"运动受伤"和"环境肉素"得分较高;不同训练年限、经济条件的优秀运动员应激水平存在显著性差异,在人际关系因子方面呈现出随入队年限递增而分值递减的趋势,在日常生活遭受方面经济条件差的得分最高;应激各因子与运动心理疲劳总分均存在显著性正相关,高应激组与低应激组的运动心理疲劳存在显著性差异;比赛失利因子进入对运动心理疲劳总分的回归方程.  相似文献   

5.
高水平网球运动员自信心研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
运用运动员心理因素问卷调查对广州市队和广东省队网球运动员的自信心进行研究,发现不同性别、不同等级和年限的运动员在自信心的某些维度上差异存在显著性,性别和训练年限的交互作用对自信心的影响显著;运动员运动经历、成功经历以及替代性经验、运动成绩、运动生涯轨迹是影响运动自信心的重要因素.  相似文献   

6.
郭杰 《灌篮》2021,(3):156-156
竞技体育不断地发展,在赛场上的运动员各项技战术也趋成熟和完备,心理因素也逐渐被人所重视,在关键比赛中更是成为运动员们获胜的关键因素。在网球运动上,青少年运动员不论是在训练中还是竞赛中,完善运动心理体系更是重中之重。本文运用大量文献资料和逻辑分析对青少年网球运动员的心理个性特征在训练中和竞赛中的表现进行浅析,得出结论不同年龄和不同级别的运动员人格特征的精神质维度具有显著性差异,在对战略的实施执行安排上和有效战术执行两个维度上存在显著性差异,自信心、自卑感、自尊感、性格的内外向和紧张等一些心理因素对网球运动表现影响极大。  相似文献   

7.
我国青少年网球运动员元认知特征研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用实验与统计相结合的方法,对我国青少年网球运动员元认知特征进行研究。结果表明,青少年网球运动员的元认知水平随着年龄的增长不断提高,且差异具有显著性;不同性别的青少年网球运动员在元认知水平上的差异不存在显著性;训练年限较长、运动等级较高的青少年网球运动员的元认知水平均高于训练年限较短、运动等级较低的网球运动员,且差异具有显著性。  相似文献   

8.
随着网球运动在中国飞速发展,网球运动的研究也成为体育领域中关注的论题。对网球运动员目标定向与归因方式的研究还比较缺乏。鉴于研究应用心理测量法对网球运动员的目标定向和归因方式进行探讨。了解中国网球运动员的目标定向及归因方式的现状,丰富运动员对目标定向和归因方式的认识。研究结果显示:网球运动员的目标定向在性别上存在显著性差异;网球运动员基本归因类型,在成功情境下为:内部的、稳定的、可控的;在失败情境下为:内部的、稳定的、不可控的;网球运动员在成功情境下的归因方式没有性别差异,在失败情境下内外源、稳定性存在性别差异;网球运动员的目标定向与归因方式的相关性不高,存在着低度相关。  相似文献   

9.
在网球运动损伤中,膝关节损伤是较为常见的运动损伤。各种体育运动均有不同程度的膝关节运动损伤现象。运动损伤给群众的健身运动、竞技运动员的运动训练、及体育院校学生的训练均带来了不利的影响,因此,有必要对网球运动有关膝关节运动损伤的预防与治疗的方面进行研究,以避免在网球运动中各类膝关节损伤的发生。  相似文献   

10.
随着网球运动在中国飞速发展,网球运动的研究也成为体育领域中关注的论题。对网球运动员目标定向与归因方式的研究还比较缺乏。鉴于研究应用心理测量法对网球运动员的目标定向和归因方式进行探讨。了解中国网球运动员的目标定向及归因方式的现状,丰富运动员对目标定向和归因方式的认识。研究结果显示:网球运动员的目标定向在性别上存在显著性差异;网球运动员基本归因类型,在成功情境下为:内部的、稳定的、可控的;在失败情境下为:内部的、稳定的、不可控的;网球运动员在成功情境下的归因方式没有性别差异,在失败情境下内外源、稳定性存在性别差异;网球运动员的目标定向与归因方式的相关性不高,存在着低度相关。  相似文献   

11.
应激蛋白在运动应激中的研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
运动应激时机体某些组织细胞合成应激蛋白起到应激保护作用。对应激蛋白的发现、分类、特性及功能和在运动应激状态下某些组织器官应激蛋白的表达、可能机制及其细胞保护作用进行了文献综述,探讨了应激蛋白在运动医学领域内的潜在应用前景。  相似文献   

12.
Waterhouse J  Reilly T  Edwards B 《Journal of sports sciences》2004,22(10):946-65; discussion 965-6
International travel is an essential part of the life of elite athletes, both for competition and training. It is also becoming increasingly common among recreational sportspersons. Long-distance travel is associated with a group of transient negative effects, collectively referred to as 'travel fatigue', which result from anxiety about the journey, the change to an individual's daily routine, and dehydration due to time spent in the dry air of the aircraft cabin. Travel fatigue lasts for only a day or so, but for those who fly across several time zones, there are also the longer-lasting difficulties associated with 'jet lag'. The problems of jet lag can last for over a week if the flight crosses 10 time zones or more, and they can reduce performance and the motivation to train effectively. Knowledge of the properties of the body clock enables the cause of the difficulties to be understood (an unadjusted body clock), and forms the basis of using light in the new time zone to promote adjustment of the body clock. Sleep loss and its effects are important components of jet lag, and attempts to promote sleep by the use of melatonin and other hypnotics are also relevant. Sleep loss is also found in those who undertake challenges that involve long periods where the normal consolidated sleep of 8 h length is not possible. Advice on sleep regimens in such circumstances is given.  相似文献   

13.
International travel is an essential part of the life of elite athletes, both for competition and training. It is also becoming increasingly common among recreational sportspersons. Long-distance travel is associated with a group of transient negative effects, collectively referred to as 'travel fatigue', which result from anxiety about the journey, the change to an individual's daily routine, and dehydration due to time spent in the dry air of the aircraft cabin. Travel fatigue lasts for only a day or so, but for those who fly across several time zones, there are also the longer-lasting difficulties associated with 'jet lag'. The problems of jet lag can last for over a week if the flight crosses 10 time zones or more, and they can reduce performance and the motivation to train effectively. Knowledge of the properties of the body clock enables the cause of the difficulties to be understood (an unadjusted body clock), and forms the basis of using light in the new time zone to promote adjustment of the body clock. Sleep loss and its effects are important components of jet lag, and attempts to promote sleep by the use of melatonin and other hypnotics are also relevant. Sleep loss is also found in those who undertake challenges that involve long periods where the normal consolidated sleep of 8 h length is not possible. Advice on sleep regimens in such circumstances is given.  相似文献   

14.
运用文献资料、专家访谈、问卷调查、心理测量和数理统计等方法,对我国259名大学生羽毛球运动员运动心理应激与运动成绩的关系进行研究。研究结果表明:(1)男运动员比女运动员的运动应激多,男女运动员的应激多数都集中在比赛中的突发事件这一应激源中;(2)在人际关系和环境因素中女运动员比男运动员的应激多;(3)除健将级和一级运动员外,其他运动员等级越高应激刺激越大。  相似文献   

15.
下肢应力性骨折在专业运动员训练及比赛中较为常见,而在群众体育活动中没有外力作用下发生下肢应力性骨折非常罕见。本文通过一例中学生在训练中发生的下肢应力性骨折报告提示:在业余训练中应注意加强卫生宣传教育,制定适当的“运动处方”,训练场地符合安全训练要求,以免发生骨折等意外伤病。  相似文献   

16.
ABSTRACT

This study tested the effect of 8-week endurance and resistance training programmes on cardiovascular stress responses, life stress, and coping. Fifty-two untrained but healthy female students were randomised to an 8-week endurance training, an 8-week resistance training, or a wait list control group. Before and after the training intervention, we assessed the groups’ cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max test), self-reported life stress, coping strategies and cardiovascular reactivity to and recovery from a standardised laboratory stressor. Both endurance and resistance training programmes caused physiological adaptation in terms of increased VO2max after the intervention. For stress and coping parameters, participants in the training groups improved cardiovascular recovery from stress and reported having less stress in their everyday life after the intervention than participants in the control group, while the two training groups did not differ from each other. We did not find any significant differences in heart rate reactivity and coping strategies between the study groups. These results partly support that exercise training has stress-reducing benefits regardless of the type of exercise. Both endurance and resistance exercise activities may be effectively used to improve stress regulation competence while having less impact on changing specific coping strategies.  相似文献   

17.
在热环境下运动时,过度热应激会对运动机体造成一系列的生理、心理影响:脑工作能力下降,电解质、微量元素大量流失,血液中激素水平发生改变,心血管功能发生障碍,肌糖原利用率下降,脂质过氧化严重导致机体抗氧化能力下降,热休克蛋白HSP70合成改变以及不良情绪增多等。通过科学的补液和适当的热适应,可使机体保持体热和血容量的平衡,使机体保持较高的竞技能力。  相似文献   

18.
Officials are expected to perform impeccably despite the wide range of stressors they experience. A stressor that officials frequently report is situation criticality. Situation criticality is comprised of score differential (i.e., more pressure in close games) and time remaining in a game (i.e., more pressure as time expires), which affects athletes’ stress levels. The present study explored the effect of situation criticality on officials’ stress levels. High school basketball officials (n = 108) with an average of 18.1 (SD = 11.2) years of officiating experience were given a survey packet containing game situations that varied in criticality. For each game situation (n = 9) officials completed the overall stress and appraisal portions of the Stress Appraisal Measure (SAM). Results revealed that situation criticality has an effect on officials’ perceived stress levels. Both threat and challenge appraisals were positively correlated with perceived stress. Overall, these findings indicate that officials’ stress levels fluctuate within games depending on score differential and time of game. The findings encourage officials to recognise and manage their stress, possibly through their appraisals. Additionally, the findings can affect the training of officials in the management of stress, as well as prompt the consideration of potential rule changes that reflect the increased situational demands on officials in critical situations (e.g., expanded instant replay).  相似文献   

19.
体育锻炼应对应激研究的述评   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
体育锻炼作为积极有效的应对资源、应对方式或策略,能直接或间接影响应激应对过程,降低应激反应,促进锻炼者的身心健康发展。研究发现:研究者没有全面、深刻理解应对理论和研究取向,在理论依据、研究设计以及研究的系统性等方面存在明显的缺失。加强体育锻炼与积极应对维度的研究、积极构建体育锻炼与应对的理论、注重研究的实验设计是体育锻炼应对应激的未来研,究思路。  相似文献   

20.
中国运动员的临场应激评价方式   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以Anshel拟制的临场应激评价方式为测量工具,初步测试了中国运动员的临场应激评价方式。结果表明:中国运动员通常将临场应激源评价为挑战和威胁;在不同的临场应激情境下,运动项目、运动水平和性别对他们有不同的影响。  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号