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2003年的《农村土地承包法》为农地使用权的有偿流转提供了法律依据,但实际情况并不乐观,本文从农村土地使用权流转市场的缺陷谈起,提出了改善其状况的几点意见。 相似文献
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土地既是当今社会最为重要的一种资源,也是农民的重要财富,是大多农民的生存、发展之本。从法律视角看,个体农民对土地的利益表现为两大权利：宅基地使用权和农地承包经营权。从时下形势看,当前在全国范围内正如火如荼地推进的农地流转是以土地承包经营权的存在为前提。由于诸多因素的存在,西藏农地流转几处于完全停顿状态。文章就农地流转的重要意义、流转困境及对策进行剖析。 相似文献
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本文对陕西3个县6个乡镇进行了实地调查,通过实证分析得出影响我国西部地区土地流转的相关因素,并提出促进西部地区农地使用权流转的改革和建议。 相似文献
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农地流转是乡村旅游开发的常见方式。研究农地旅游流转过程中的土地利用冲突,完善土地利用冲突的理论框架与表现形式,分析农地旅游流转中土地利用冲突的驱动机制,是保持土地利用和旅游业可持续发展的关键。基于农地旅游化流转的方式下,通过对文献的梳理与总结,运用扎根理论从乡村旅游土地流转的角度,完善土地利用冲突的理论框架和表现形式,构建农地旅游化流转中土地利用冲突的驱动机制,并提出农地旅游化流转中土地冲突问题的建设性意见。 相似文献
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利用安徽省的入户调查数据,运用Heckman两阶段模型对农户农地流转意愿及流转数量的影响因素进行了实证分析。研究表明:户主的文化程度、家庭非农收入占比、搬迁意愿、农地流转的价格、经济发展水平以及所在乡镇是否有农地流转中介组织等因素对农地流转意愿及流转数量影响较为显著。最后,提出了促进农地流转的政策建议。 相似文献
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农户农地流转现状、特征及其区域差异分析——以浙江省为例 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
本文在农户调研的基础上,利用177户农户样本数据,分析浙江省东、中、西部不同经济发展水平地区农地流转的现状,以总结现阶段农地流转的新特点及经济发达地区、经济较发达地区以及经济欠发达地区农户农地转入和转出行为的差异。在实证调研中主要了解3个方面的问题:被访问农户家庭基本情况;农户家庭农地经营与利用情况;农户农地转入和转出情况。实证分析结果表明,由于浙江东、中、西部经济发展水平存在差异,浙江农地流转市场的发育呈现出浙东、浙中和浙北明显的梯度结构;第二、第三产业发展是出现农户农地流转行为的客观物质基础,随着第二、第三产业的发展,农地流转市场逐渐健全;农户之间的流转还是主要用来种植粮食,农户与专业大户、专业合作社和企业之间的农地流转出现农地"非粮化"经营倾向;农户转入、转出农地的形式主要为租赁和转包的形式,农户流转农地行为更接近于市场行为;中介组织在农地流转中发挥越来越大的作用,农地流转市场越完善的地区,农户有签订书面合同的越多,法律维权意识越强,对违约行为越敏感,流转合同越规范。 相似文献
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选择价值在农地城市流转决策中的应用——以武汉市为例 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
农地城市流转是城市化、工业化过程中的普遍现象,是土地资源竞争配置的结果,并具有不确定性、不可逆性和流转时间延迟性三个特征,因此农地具有选择价值。本文以武汉市为研究对象,采用模型假设法和实证分析法,对农地城市流转的选择价值进行估算,并建立农地城市流转的决策模型。研究结果表明:①将农地选择价值考虑进农地城市流转决策模型中,农地是否流转将取决于农地使用价值、开发成本及相关费用和选择价值之和与农地流转为市地的潜在预期价值的差值;②在同一时期,农地流转为城市不同用途地类的选择价值不同,在流转期内,住宅用地的选择价值>商业用地的选择价值>工业用地的选择价值;农地流转为城市某一类型用地时,随着流转时间延迟,选择价值的额度逐渐增加;③基于选择价值理论下的农地流转决策时间,较成本-效益理论下的农地流转决策时间相比,农地流转为城市商业用地的流转时间延后了5年,住宅和工业用地的流转时间分别延迟了6年和9年。科学评估农地资源的选择价值,将其纳入流转成本核算体系中,能够弥补市场机制作用不足给农地城市流转决策带来的影响,起到减缓城市边缘区农地流转的速度。 相似文献
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湖北省不同地貌类型城市农地城市流转驱动机制比较研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
协调好经济发展和农地保护的矛盾是实现我国社会经济可持续发展战略的重要基础,农地城市流转是这一矛盾的焦点。农地城市流转在不同地貌类型城市中具有不同的特征。本文从影响农地城市流转的社会经济因素出发,应用1999年～2004年湖北省数据分析了不同地貌类型城市农地城市流转的驱动机制。研究表明,影响因子本身及其影响系数在不同地貌类型城市发生不同程度的变化。其中,固定资产投资、GDP和产业结构升级对湖北省平原城市农地城市流转的影响最明显,固定资产投资、GDP和人均耕地面积对湖北省丘陵城市农地城市流转的影响最明显,城乡居民收入差距、GDP和总人口对湖北省山地城市农地城市流转的影响最明显,各个影响因素对不同地貌类型农地城市流转的推动方向也不完全相同。 相似文献
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区域农户农地流转意愿差异及其驱动力研究--以上海市、南京市、泰州市、扬州市农户调查为例 总被引：25，自引：2，他引：25
研究农户农地流转意愿对科学合理的促进农地流转、提高政府的执政能力、建立农村和谐社会都极具现实意义.本文依据对长江三角洲地区4市7镇319份实地随机抽样样本,采用Logistic模型对影响农户农地流转意愿的因子进行定量分析,结果表明非农就业率、家庭最高受教育水平、单位面积农业纯收益、家庭与等级公路的距离、家庭恩格尔系数、地区经济发展水平、农户户口所在地等因子对农户流转参与意愿起着决定性的作用,而处在不同经济发展水平的上海、南京、泰州、扬州,起决定作用的影响因子的排序有所不同.由于微观单一经济因子对宏观经济发展具有乘数效应,因此,基于各地农户农地流转意愿决定因子的差异,针对各自影响力最大的因子,采取措施,可以激发农户农地流转的愿望,从而产生流转的行为.研究通过数学模型对农户农地流转意愿进行了全面分析,以期为农地市场发育的定性研究提供量化的依据和支持. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献
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Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3):267-268
<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese 相似文献