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采用自身对照的实验方法,对受试者完成4种篮球组合技术前后的心率、血压、血乳酸等指标进行检测。实验结果发现,在“计时计命中率”条件下进行篮球组合技术练习,负荷强度较大,血乳酸水平可达6．9mm～9．77mm。这对提高运动员的无氧代谢能力有积极意义。 相似文献
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本文对35名受试者做渐增负荷运动,并对其中的8名受试者,进行固定负荷运动。探讨了血乳酸浓度及有关气体代谢参数的变化。其结果显示:受试者在渐增负荷中,个体AT值均低于4mM/L血乳酸阈值,8名受试者以个体AT相应强度运动了较长时间未发生疲劳,而以4mM/L血乳酸阈值强度运动时,导致了乳酸浓度的积累。 相似文献
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此次研究是在乳酸阈和血乳酸浓度定值为2.0,2.5和4.0mM时,训练状态对主观感觉疲劳程度的影响。试验对象为有训练者(N=20),无训练者(N=29),均采用逐级负荷的跑台试验鉴别乳酸阈值和血乳酸浓度定值和跑速的关系。除了血乳酸浓度在4.0mM时的心率和乳酸阈时的吸氧当量(E/O_2)外,有训练者在每级练习强度上有较高的踏跑速度,较大的吸氧量(O_2),较大的通气量(VE)和较高的心率。与无训练者比较,有训练者在乳酸阈值和血乳酸浓度定值2.0,2.5和4mM时,VO_2、VE和心率定值均高于无训练者。尽管两组在生理指标上完全不同,但在局部、中枢、整体主观感觉疲劳程度(RPE)上是相同的。整体RPE的平均数和标准差在乳酸阈时是11.0±2.0刻度:在2.0mM时是13.7±2.1刻度;在2.5mM时是14.5±1.8刻度;在细M时是16.5±2.3刻度。 相似文献
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12名受过较好训练的少年短跑道速滑运动员竭尽全力地进行如下四项测验:1500米短跑道速滑、滑跳、屈膝走、滑板(2米长)。后三种方法在无冰期被广泛采用做为速滑陆地专项训练方法。实验测得这三项运动后2＇的血乳酸值分别为:滑跳6.28±1.61mM;屈膝走4.63±1.21mM;2米长滑板5.69±1.l0mM。它们都与1500米短跑道速滑后2＇测得的血乳酸值12.23±2.10mM相比差异非常显著(P相似文献
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本文采用文献资料法、实验法对组合教学法在篮球教学中的应用进行了研究,通过实验组与对照组在实验前后的身体素质及篮球技术对比,分析组合教学法在应用效果。研究认为：在篮球教学中,组合教学法优于传统教学法：组合教学法能够充分调动学生积极性、发挥教师主导与学生主体地位、优化篮球组合教学。 相似文献
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不同位置男篮运动员血乳酸与心率的测定 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
孙鲁岷 《上海体育学院学报》1995,(2)
通过对体育学院篮球专项学生比赛时血乳酸和心率的测定,发现运动员血乳酸值的增加具有显著的统计学意义,且不同位置的运动员血乳酸值并不相同,其比赛时能量供应的特征也不一样。 相似文献
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宋桂茹 《天津体育学院学报》1993,8(1):82-84
心肌摄取乳酸的多少与动脉乳酸浓度呈正相关。运动时,动脉乳酸浓度增加,心肌血流量增加,因而心肌摄取氧化乳酸增加;剧烈运动时,当血乳酸浓度大于3-4mM时,乳酸就可能成为心肌有氧代谢的重要产物。 相似文献
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对广西60名青少年篮球运动员进行比赛中快速移动距离的测定、心率测定、比赛后血乳酸测定、2种速度耐力训练后血乳酸的测定,结合他们在不同训练手段情况下的能量代谢特点进行了分析比较。结果显示:广西部分青少年男子篮球运动员速度耐力素质水平偏低。根据篮球比赛的性质和能量供给特点提出合理安排训练负荷的建议。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献
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本文在专家访谈、问卷调查、数理统计和文献资料分析的基础上,探析了上海社区体育竞赛参与者的特点、参与者对社区体育赛事运作管理的看法等问题。在此基础上从引进社区体育赛事的志愿者、整合社区体育赛事的各种资源、开发社区体育竞赛的无形资产、组建非营利性的专业团队、规范社区体育赛事的服务管理等方面提出了进一步满足上海社区居民日益增长的体育竞赛参赛需求的对策与措施。 相似文献
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对全面把握游泳训练环节的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
从系统观点出发,结合训练实践,对全面把握游泳训练环节进行探讨。认为应强化非智力因素在运动员多年训练中的作用,在育材全过程中不断选材,从整体上把握动态训练的全过程,把培养高水平运动员的整个过程置于一个严格的科学控制之下。 相似文献