共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
成功的训练不仅涉及到过负荷,同时必须避免大量过负荷练习与不充分恢复相结合。运动员可经历短期运动成绩下降。这一功能性过量训练在恢复后,可提高运动成绩。当训练和恢复之间平衡被破坏,可发生非功能性的过量训练(NFOR)。区分NFOR和过度训练综合症非常困难(OTS),取决于临床结果和排除诊断。诊断OTS的关键词是"延长性的不良适应",以及生物、神经生化和激素调节上的机制。普遍认为OTS症状比NFOR严重,如疲劳、成绩下降、情绪障碍。尽管目前没有单一的标志物可检测OTS,定期监测运动成绩、生理、生化、免疫和心理上的指标可能是最好的策略:发现不能够应对训练应激的运动员。 相似文献
2.
从适度训练和过度训练对免疫系统的影响,过度训练并发症(OTS)及表现低下并发症(UPS)的概念界定与监控,以及UPS两种假说等方面分别探讨了运动员经过强化训练和过度训练后免疫应答发生的变化、运动员免疫机能损坏与传染性疾病发生率增加的关系、过度训练并发症对免疫机能及传染病敏感性的影响、细胞激活素在过度训练和训练成绩低下的可能作用、过度训练和表现低下并发症监控的可能免疫指标,为运动训练科学监控提供理论支撑. 相似文献
3.
过度训练症候群与细胞因子学说 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本文对现今的关于OTS的主要学说作了简要的概话,其中包括神经内分泌学说、谷酰胺学说、氨基酸色氨酸减少学说、糖原学说、训练单调学说、细胞因子学说等.并且详细的阐述了OTS与细胞因子的关系. 相似文献
4.
通过对过度训练的早、晚期症状，检查特征及过度训练产生原因的分析，提出了对过度训练进行正确判断、处理和预防的方法。 相似文献
5.
过度训练状态下消化系统的特点与机理的探讨 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
笔者对过度训练引起的消化系统的变化及特点进行总结,从病理生理角度分析其发生的可能机理,从而为过度训练运动员的合理膳食、营养补充及过度训练综合症的防治提供理论依据。 相似文献
6.
7.
通过整理与分析过度训练动物模型、模型制备的注意事项及评价指标,探讨过度训练动物模型存在的问题,为过度训练的深入研究提供参考。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
对形成过度训练的一些因素进行了初步的分析，并结合国外一些学者的研究分析，认为积极预防是目前防治过度训练较好的方法，再辅之以科学的恢复工作，尽可能避免过度训练的发生所做的简单论述。 相似文献
11.
Overtraining syndrome (OTS) is caused by an imbalance between training, nutrition and resting, and leads to decreased performance and fatigue; however, the precise underlying triggers of OTS remain unclear. This study investigated the body composition, metabolism, eating, sleeping patterns and mood states among participants with OTS. Selected participants were divided into OTS-affected athletes (OTS, n = 14), healthy athletes (ATL, n = 25), and healthy non-physically active controls (NCS, n = 12). Compared to ATL, OTS showed decreased sleep quality (p = 0.004); increased duration of work or study (p < 0.001); decreased libido (p = 0.024); decreased calorie (p < 0.001), carbohydrate (p < 0.001) and protein (p < 0.001) intakes; decreased mood states (p < 0.001); decreased basal metabolic rate (p = 0.013) and fat burning (p < 0.001); increased body fat (p = 0.006); decreased muscle mass (p = 0.008); and decreased hydration (p < 0.001). Levels were similar between OTS and NCS, except for worsened fatigue (p < 0.001) and vigour (p = 0.001) in OTS. Reduced calorie intake, worsened sleep, and increased cognitive activity are likely OTS triggers. OTS appears to induce dehydration, increase body fat, decrease libido, and worsen mood. 相似文献
12.
Flavio A. Cadegiani Claudio E. Kater Matheus Gazola 《Journal of sports sciences》2019,37(11):1296-1307
The metabolic and hormonal consequences of high-intensity functional training regimens such as CrossFit® (CF) are unclear. Little is known about the triggers and clinical and biochemical features of CF-related overtraining syndrome (OTS). The EROS study compared endocrine and metabolic responses, and eating, social, psychological and body characteristics of OTS-affected (OTS) and healthy athletes (ATL), and non-physically active controls (NPAC). The current study is a post-hoc analysis of the CF subgroups of the EROS study, to evaluate specific characteristics of CF in ATL and OTS. Parameters were overall and pairwise compared among OTS-affected (CF-OTS) and healthy (CF-ATL) athletes that exclusively practiced CF, and NPAC. CF-ATL yielded earlier and enhanced cortisol, GH, and prolactin responses to an insulin tolerance test (ITT), increased neutrophils, lower lactate, increased testosterone, improved sleep quality, better psychological performance, increased measured-to-predicted basal metabolic rate (BMR) ratio and fat oxidation, and better hydration, when compared to NPAC. Conversely, more than 90% of the adaptive changes in CF were lost under OTS, including an attenuation of the hormonal responses to an ITT, increased estradiol, decreased testosterone, and decreased BMR and fat oxidation; the most remarkable trigger of OTS among “HIFT athletes” was the long-term low carbohydrate and calorie intake. 相似文献
13.
Lee Bell Alan Ruddock Thomas Maden-Wilkinson David. Rogerson 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(16):1897-1912
ABSTRACT
To date, little is known about overreaching (OR) and the overtraining syndrome (OTS) in strength sports and resistance training (RT) populations. However, the available literature may elucidate the occurrence of both conditions in these populations. A scoping review was conducted. SPORTDiscus, Scopus and Web of Science were searched in a robust and systematic manner, with relevant articles analysed. 1170 records were retrieved during an initial search, with a total of 47 included in the review. Two broad themes were identified during data extraction: 1) overreaching in strength sports; 2) overreaching and overtraining syndrome in RT. Short-term periods of OR achieved with either high-volume or high-intensity RT can elicit functional OR (FOR) but there is also evidence that chronic high-volume and/or intensity RT can lead to non-functional overreaching (NFOR). There is minimal evidence to suggest that true OTS has occurred in strength sports or RT based on the studies entered during this review. More research is needed to develop robust guiding principles for practitioners. Additionally, due to the heterogeneous nature of the existing literature, future research would benefit from the development of practical tools to identify and diagnose the transition from FOR to NFOR, and subsequently OTS in strength athletes and RT populations. 相似文献
14.
We investigated how cytokines are implicated with overtraining syndrome (OTS) in athletes during a prolonged period of recovery. Plasma IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IL-1β, adipokine leptin, and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations were measured in overtrained (OA: 5 men, 2 women) and healthy control athletes (CA: 5 men, 5 women) before and after exercise to volitional exhaustion. Measurements were conducted at baseline and after 6 and 12 months. Inflammatory cytokines did not differ between groups at rest. However, resting leptin concentration was lower in OA than CA at every measurement (P < 0.050) but was not affected by acute exercise. Although IL-6 and TNF-α concentrations increased with exercise in both groups (P < 0.050), pro-inflammatory IL-1β concentration increased only in OA (P < 0.050) and anti-inflammatory IL-10 was greater in CA (P < 0.001). In OA, exercise-related IL-6 and TNF-α induction was enhanced during the follow-up (P < 0.050). IGF-1 decreased with exercise in OA (P < 0.050); however, no differences in resting IGF-1 were observed. In conclusion, low leptin level at rest and a pro-inflammatory cytokine response to acute exercise may reflect a chronic maladaptation state in overtrained athletes. In contrast, the accentuation of IL-6 and TNF-α responses to acute exercise seemed to associate with the progression of recovery from overtraining. 相似文献
15.
中国散打与泰拳之比较 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过观察中国武术散打与泰拳的几场激烈对抗的情况 ,把两者加以比较分析 ,从中找出中国散打自身的缺点和不足 ,提出中国散打抗衡泰拳的途径。 相似文献
16.
了解和掌握新疆维吾尔族青少年体质现状,科学评价新疆维吾尔族青少年身体机能的变化规律、发展趋势、城乡间存在的差异及其原因,为提高维吾尔族青少年体质健康水平提供客观依据。文章对新疆喀什地区的6110名7-18岁维吾尔族青少年采用国家相关规定的方法、相应组别、性别及各年龄段分组,进行测试、统计与分析。维吾尔族城乡男女身体机能状况随着年龄的增加而呈现出明显下降趋势,均反映出身体机能衰退的特征,部分年龄段城乡指标具有不同程度的显著性差异。必须高度重视维吾尔族青少年城乡间身体机能指标的差异,加强锻炼,改变生活方式,缩小城乡之间的差异,进一步提高健康水平。 相似文献
17.
夏成生 《西安体育学院学报》2004,(Z1)
通过对参加四川省幼儿基本体操表演大赛的运动员的体能测试,观测四川省幼儿体操运动员的体质与全国幼儿 的体质差异及四川省2002年与2001年的幼儿体质变化,从中为幼儿基本体操的研究及选材提供理论依据。 相似文献
18.
足协对“关联俱乐部”的处罚确保了公平的竞赛环境，也由此引发了很多问题：行规与法律的冲突，法律在职业足球中的适用等。对这些问题进行了分析、思考。 相似文献