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《Information processing & management》2022,59(2):102820
As COVID-19 swept over the world, people discussed facts, expressed opinions, and shared sentiments about the pandemic on social media. Since policies such as travel restriction and lockdown in reaction to COVID-19 were made at different levels of the society (e.g., schools and employers) and the government, we build a large geo-tagged Twitter dataset titled UsaGeoCov19 and perform an exploratory analysis by geographic location. Specifically, we collect 650,563 unique geo-tagged tweets across the United States covering the date range from January 25 to May 10, 2020. Tweet locations enable us to conduct region-specific studies such as tweeting volumes and sentiment, sometimes in response to local regulations and reported COVID-19 cases. During this period, many people started working from home. The gap between workdays and weekends in hourly tweet volumes inspire us to propose algorithms to estimate work engagement during the COVID-19 crisis. This paper also summarizes themes and topics of tweets in our dataset using both social media exclusive tools (i.e., #hashtags, @mentions) and the latent Dirichlet allocation model. We welcome requests for data sharing and conversations for more insights.UsaGeoCov19 link: http://yunhefeng.me/geo-tagged_twitter_datasets/. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2022,59(4):102990
Documenting the emergent social representations of COVID-19 in public communication is necessary for critically reflecting on pandemic responses and providing guidance for global pandemic recovery policies and practices. This study documents the dynamics of changing social representations of the COVID-19 pandemic on one of the largest Chinese social media, Weibo, from December 2019 to April 2020. We draw on the social representation theory (SRT) and conceptualize topics and topic networks as a form of social representation. We analyzed a dataset of 40 million COVID-19 related posts from 9.7 million users (including the general public, opinion leaders, and organizations) using machine learning methods. We identified 12 topics and found an expansion in social representations of COVID-19 from a clinical and epidemiological perspective to a broader perspective that integrated personal illness experiences with economic and sociopolitical discourses. Discussions about COVID-19 science did not take a prominent position in the representations, suggesting a lack of effective science and risk communication. Further, we found the strongest association of social representations existed between the public and opinion leaders and the organizations’ representations did not align much with the other two groups, suggesting a lack of organizations’ influence in public representations of COVID-19 on social media in China. 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2022,59(2):102810
Starting from December 2019, the novel COVID-19 threatens human lives and economies across the world. It was a matter of grave concern for the governments of all the countries as the deadly virus started expanding its paws over neighboring regions of infected areas. The spread got uncontrollable, thereby leaving no choice for the nations but to impose and observe nationwide lockdown. The lockdown further sorely hit many sectors, which in turn impacted the economy. Manufacturing, agriculture, and the service sector - the three pillars of the economy - have been adversely affected giving a major slow down to the economy belonging to every nation. Several schemes and policies were introduced by different state and central governments to absorb the impact of subsequent lockdowns on individuals. In this paper, we present a then and now analysis of the economy using a socioeconomic framework focusing on factors- unemployment, industrial production, import-export trade, equity markets, currency exchange rate, and gold and silver prices. For all these, we consider India as a case study because the Indian sub-continent has a wide landscape and rich cultural heritage presenting itself as a potential hub for economic activities. A thorough assessment has been made for the period January 2020- June 2020. The assessment will be beneficial to observe the long-term impact of any infectious disease outbreak such as COVID-19 locally and globally. 相似文献
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Yuxiang Zhang Haixu Bo Zhe Jiang Yu Wang Yunfei Fu Bingwei Cao Xuewen Wang Jiaqi Chen Rui Li 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(11)
In early 2020, unprecedented lockdowns and travel bans were implemented in Chinese mainland to fight COVID-19, which led to a large reduction in anthropogenic emissions. This provided a unique opportunity to isolate the effects from emission and meteorology on tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Comparing the atmospheric NO2 in 2020 with that in 2017, we found the changes of emission have led to a 49.3 ± 23.5% reduction, which was ∼12% more than satellite-observed reduction of 37.8 ± 16.3%. The discrepancy was mainly a result of changes of meteorology, which have contributed to an 8.1 ± 14.2% increase of NO2. We also revealed that the emission-induced reduction of NO2 has significantly negative correlations to human mobility, particularly that inside the city. The intra-city migration index derived from Baidu Location-Based-Service can explain 40.4% ± 17.7% variance of the emission-induced reduction of NO2 in 29 megacities, each of which has a population of over 8 million in Chinese mainland. 相似文献
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There has been an increased usage and popularity of digital platforms during the COVID-19 crisis. This has resulted in many new types of digital platforms emerging that are tied to specific localities and based on emergent needs. This article presents the results of a study on the ClickforVic digital platform that was started during the first 2020 lockdown in Melbourne, Australia as a way for country farmers to connect with urban consumers. The study is premised on transformational entrepreneurship theory that enables a focus on the societal changes that have resulted from the COVID-19 pandemic. A semi-structured in-depth interview approach was utilised to understand how farm entrepreneurs perceived the digital platform and how this contributed to transformational entrepreneurship outcomes. The study is amongst the first to incorporate a digital platform, farm entrepreneurship, transformational entrepreneurship and COVID-19 perspective. The findings suggest that farm entrepreneurs are driven by financial, social and community goals during a crisis that influences their usage of digital platforms. As a consequence, the findings contribute to managerial practice and policy debate by highlighting the way digital platforms can be used in times of crisis to produce transformational entrepreneurship outcomes. 相似文献
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对江苏信息中心“新冠疫情专利信息平台”数据库中的专利分别进行整体结构、个体结构、药物维度和省市合作分析,发现:(1)我国防治新冠病毒化学药物专利合作网络规模、合作关系和合作次数一直在增加,但合作密度有所下降,该领域中各创新主体之间还存在着较大合作空间;(2)专利合作网络关键节点如大学、研究机构或企业等在不同阶段变动比较大,说明主体很难建立长期稳定的合作关系;(3)防治不同类型病毒的化学药物专利合作网络规模和网络密度演化情况有所不同,这与病毒的特性有关;(4)从我国省市合作中心来说,出现了以北京为核心逐步向长三角、珠三角的核心省市合作转移的情形. 相似文献
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Weijie Zhao 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2021,8(3)
The COVID-19 pandemic has killed more than 1 000 000 people within nine months in 2020. The world is changed as the cities were locked down, the traffic reduced, and people forced to work from home and keep social distance. These controlling measures also resulted in drastic reduction of the emission of many air pollutants, providing researchers an unprecedented large-scale natural experiment in examining how the air quality would respond to a strong forcing. In this panel discussion held on 22 September 2020, five experts gathered to discuss their observations and analyses, as well as the current understanding and misconception about airborne transmission.This Forum article is dedicated to Prof. Martin Williams of the Imperial College London, who intended to join the panel discussion but passed away one day before it. Guy Brasseur Professor of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Germany Junji Cao Professor of Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Aijun Ding Dean and Professor of School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, China Lidia Morawska Professor of Queensland University of Technology, Australia Tong Zhu (Chair) Dean and Professor of College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, China 相似文献
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"心理台风眼效应"描述了民众在重大突发事件中的非理性恐慌心理和行为,是中国科学院心理研究所李纾及其团队在"5·12"汶川特大地震后发现并命名的现象。在2020年新冠肺炎疫情期间,调查身居5类疫情不同风险地区(极低风险地区、低风险地区、中风险地区、中高风险地区和高风险地区)的人群对于武汉市疫情的安全担忧和风险知觉,又发现了"心理台风眼效应",即:国外受测者反而比国内受测者对武汉市疫情表现出更多的安全担忧或害怕;随着所处地区风险水平的升高(从极低风险地区到极高风险地区),民众对武汉市疫情的风险知觉反而降低。也就是说,在空间上越接近高风险地点的民众心理越平静,越远离高风险地点的民众反而更对高风险地点的风险感到恐慌。基于"心理台风眼效应"的研究发现,提出4条有针对性的防范建议。 相似文献
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Sune Lehmann 《国家科学评论(英文版)》2022,(1):2-3
Across the world,the news of COVID-19 was followed by 'lockdowns' that lim-ited societal activity and mobility to a greater or lesser degree.In China,how-ever,t... 相似文献
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自2019年12月以来,湖北省武汉市出现新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎"),随后疫情在全国范围内暴发。相关学者对此次疫情扩散趋势做了大量研究,但基于模型的估算普遍存在高估传染系数和感染人群的问题。基于此,利用大数据回溯新冠肺炎在全国扩散的趋势和传染系数,得出结论:(1)在扩散前期(2020年1月24号之前)武汉输出的人口是全国各城市(武汉除外)新冠肺炎扩散的主要威胁,之后每个省、自治区、直辖市的人口与确诊病例数的关系逐渐增强,体现出本地传播的趋势;(2)利用SEIR模型拟合武汉和北京两地新冠肺炎确诊病例得出真实传播系数(R_0),揭示武汉的R0高于北京,考虑到人为控制因素,2019年12月1日—2020年2月9日两地的实际的R_0均大幅度下降。基于此,对疫情期间存在的问题进行针对性建议,并从数据上论证了中国政府对于疫情扩散强有力的控制能力,对阻止国内及世界范围的疫情扩散作出积极贡献。 相似文献
11.
Anna Mrzljak
eljka Jurekovi&#x; Jadranka Pavi
i&#x;-&#x;ari&#x; Vladimir Stevanovi&#x; Irena Tabain
eljka Hru&#x;kar Danko Mikuli&#x; Ljubo Barbi&#x; Tatjana Vilibi&#x;-avlek 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2021,31(3)
IntroductionThe data on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) in Croatia is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Croatian SOTRs.Materials and methodsFrom 7 September to 27 November 2020 (beginning of the second COVID-19 pandemic wave), a cross-sectional screening for COVID-19 was performed in the adult outpatient liver (LTRs; N = 280) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs; N = 232). Serum samples were initially tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Vircell Microbiologists, Granada, Spain). All positive samples were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Data on risk exposure and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected using a questionnaire.ResultsThe transplanted cohort’s seroprevalence detected by ELISA and VNT was 20.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Neutralizing (NT) antibodies developed in 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG positive SOTRs. The difference in seropositivity rates between LTRs and KTRs was not statistically significant (ELISA 21.1% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.554; VNT 3.6% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.082). Overall VNT positivity rates were higher in patients who reported participation in large community events (5.9% vs. 1.0%; P = 0.027) as well as in patients who reported COVID-19 related symptoms in the past six months. In addition, symptomatic VNT positive patients showed significantly higher (P = 0.031) NT antibody titers (median 128, interquartile range (IQR) = 32-128) compared to asymptomatic patients (median 16, IQR = 16-48).ConclusionsThis study showed that 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA positive Croatian SOTRs developed NT antibodies indicating protective immunity. Further studies are needed to determine the dynamic of NT antibodies and COVID-19 immunity duration in immunocompromised populations such as LTRs and KTRs. 相似文献
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此次新冠肺炎疫情传播速度快、影响范围广、防控难度大,在没有特异性治疗药物和疫苗的情况下,我国通过最全面彻底的、以"非医疗干预"手段为主的防控举措,全社会动员,全民参与,科学防治、精准防治,有效遏制了本土疫情,取得了阶段性重要成效。在此次疫情防控中,我国各级公共卫生与疾病预防控制(以下简称"疾控")体系起到了重要作用,但也暴露出了诸多短板和不足。文章梳理了现阶段我国疾控体系、公共卫生法律法规建设、卫生应急管理政策保障3个方面存在的突出问题,提出了新时代疾控体系的职能任务发展、关键科研技术建设和专业人才资源储备3个方面的具体建议。 相似文献
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新型冠状病毒(novel coronavirus,2019-nCov)的暴发引起了国内外学术界和期刊界的广泛关注,截至2020年6月15日,国内外关于新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的相关文献已超过4万条。选取具有代表性的英文网站数据库“Web of Science”和中文网站数据库“中国知网”“中华医学期刊网”,通过文献检索的方式,检索2020年1月1日至6月15日COVID-19相关科研成果在国内外科技期刊报道的情况,比较国内外科技期刊在重大科研成果报道中的差异,并对热点文章进行重点分析。结果表明,国内外科技期刊发表的文献总数量接近,均超过2万条;国际顶尖英文期刊《柳叶刀》上发表的论文影响力(单篇总被引频次最高达1553次)远高于中文期刊(单.篇总被引频次最高达185次)和国内较好的英文期刊(单篇总被引频次最高达241次)。中国英文科技期刊的数量和质量远远不能满足国内科研人员国际交流的需要,中国需要创办和培植更多更好的英文科技期刊,同时应该加快英文期刊数据库的建设。研究结果可为中国建设世界一流科技期刊提供思考和借鉴。 相似文献
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突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情是对城市应急处理能力的一次大考验,信息化应用在疫情防控和保障复工复产过程中起到了至关重要的作用。尽管新冠肺炎疫情让城市生活、生产受到严重影响,在信息化技术的支撑下,城市迎来了发展方式的转型。新型智慧城市促进了新业态的出现,激发了新城市活力。新型智慧城市建设成为应对疫情的有效措施之一,它是未来城市发展形式的重点。以新兴技术引领的第四次工业革命让城市信息化成为时代的重要特征,也让其成为我国实现现代化和提升国际竞争力的应有之义。未来,城市需要在维护日常管理与危机应对需求之间保持平衡,应将新型智慧城市的内涵与城市公共安全、可持续发展融合,着力提升城市建设管理的科学化、精细化、智能化水平,真正让城市生活更美好。 相似文献
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The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has created significant challenges for people worldwide. To combat the virus, one of the most dramatic measures was the lockdown of 4 billion people in what is believed to be the largest quasi-quarantine in human history. As a response to the call to study information behavior during a global health crisis, we adopted a resource orchestration perspective to investigate six Chinese families who survived the lockdown. We explored how elderly, young and middle-aged individuals and children resourced information and how they adapted their information behavior to emerging online technologies. Two information resource orchestration practices (information resourcing activities and information behavior adaptation activities) and three mechanisms (online emergence and convergence in community resilience, the overcoming of information flow impediments, and the application of absorptive capacity) were identified in the study. 相似文献
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Covid-19 and the related lockdown in many countries made digital work no longer just an option, but the new norm for many office workers who began to make sense of a new range of benefits of digital work tools. Based on my own observations and on observations shared by executives in New Zealand and Europe, I illustrate in this article how the lockdown acted as a facilitator for digital work. Further, I show how the lockdown gave many individuals a flawed impression of digital work, i.e. their experience occurred during exceptional circumstances and led them to draw false conclusions about digital work. I examine some misconceptions of locked-down digital work and discuss the implications of locked-down digital work for research and practice. 相似文献
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Himani Rathi Vishakha Burman Sudip Kumar Datta Satya Vati Rana Anissa Atif Mirza Sarama Saha Raman Kumar Manisha Naithani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):3
In December 2019, Wuhan city in the Hubei province of China reported for the first time a cluster of patients infected with a novel coronavirus, since then there has been an outburst of this disease across the globe affecting millions of human inhabitants. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a member of beta coronavirus family which upon exposure caused a highly infectious disease called novel coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). COVID-19, a probably bat originated disease was declared by World Health Organization (WHO) as a global pandemic in March 2020. Since then, despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the disease has affected nearly 56,261,952 laboratory confirmed human population and caused deaths of over 1,349,506 lives worldwide. Virus passes in majority through respiratory droplets and then enters lung epithelial cells by binding to angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and there it undergoes replication and targeting host cells causing severe pathogenesis. Majority of human population exposed to SARS-CoV-2 having fully functional immune system undergo asymptomatic infection while 5–10% are symptomatic and only 1–2% are critically affected and requires ventilation support. Older people or people with co-morbidities are severely affected by COVID-19. These categories of patients also display cytokine storm due to dysfunctional immune response which brutally destroys the affected organs and may lead to death in some. Real time PCR is still considered as standard method of diagnosis along with other serology, radiological and biochemical investigations. Till date, no specific validated medication is available for the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Thus, this review provides detailed knowledge about the different landscapes of disease incidence, etiopathogenesis, involvement of various organs, diagnostic criteria’s and treatment guidelines followed for management of COVID-19 infection since its inception. In conclusion, extensive research to recognize novel pathways and their cross talk to combat this virus in precarious settings is our future positive hope. 相似文献
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Anshika Chauhan Rajandeep Kaur Prantar Chakrbarti Arnab Pal 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(4):468
Humankind is facing its worst pandemic of the twenty-first century, due to infection of a novel coronavirus named as SARS-CoV2, started from Wuhan in China. Till now, 15 million people are infected, causing more than 600,000 deaths. The disease, commonly known as, COVID-19, was initially thought to be associated with ARDS only, but later on revealed to have many unexplained and atypical clinical features like coagulopathy and cytokinemia, leading to multi-organ involvements. The patients also suffer from ‘Silent Hypoxemia’, where there is no immediate respiratory signs and symptoms even though alarmingly low SpO2 level. We hypothesize that this covert hypoxemia may lead to molecular changes exacerbating coagulopathy and cytokine storm in COVID19 patients, which again, in turn, causes a vicious cycle of more hypoxemia/hypoxia and progression of the infection to more severe stages through HIF-1α dependent pathway. Although molecular mechanisms are yet to be substantiated by scientific evidence, hypoxemia remains an independent worsening factor in serious COVID 19 patients. Keeping all in mind, we propose that even in the early and asymptomatic cases, prophylactic oxygen therapy to be initiated to break the vicious cycle and to reduce the mortality in COVID 19 to save precious human lives. 相似文献