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以综述大量创新生态系统研究文献为基础,试图理顺不同层次相关研究的区别和联系;紧扣创新系统理论强调的"主体之间相互依赖"和生态学强调的"主体与环境的相互作用",将创新生态系统的各类组成要素统一到一个"中心—外围"的结构分析框架之中;通过分析微观、中观和宏观三个层次创新主体(中心)和环境(外围)范畴的变化,揭示出不同层次的内涵、结构和行为,以及各层次之间的相互作用。以此基础上为其理论研究和实践发展提出三点启示。 相似文献
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互补性技术对于核心技术创新的功能实现、价值创造与焦点企业的价值获取有重要影响。随着技术创新的复杂程度日益提高,越来越多的技术创新需要通过创新生态系统来开展,互补性技术对于创新生态系统的构建、治理及演进起着重要作用,但现有的相关研究还很零散。通过梳理总结了现有文献关于互补性技术的3种不同理解及其与创新生态系统的相关性,全面回顾评述了创新生态系统中互补性技术的编排和治理机制,分析了互补性技术对核心技术的变革和创新生态系统演进的影响;在此基础上,构建了基于互补性技术视角的创新生态系统理论框架,并指出了未来研究方向。 相似文献
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协同创新是一个系统工程,需要整合分散的创新活动,建立各主体共同参与的动态演进机制,才能形成官产学研用协同创新生态系统。基于CAS理论,本文从协同创新的主体及其行为的复杂适应性、协同驱动的要素及其相互关系、协同演进的路径三方面对协同创新的动态演进机制进行研究,以期丰富和完善协同创新理论,构筑和充实协同创新的框架。 相似文献
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政府如何在数字创新中扮演好角色 《科学学研究》2021,39(1):139-148
数字经济时代政府在数字创新实践中扮演着越来越重要的角色,然而现有的公共管理理论与文献难以有效指导政府的具体实践行动。本文选取数字经济成功典范的韩国政府为案例研究对象,采用纵向探索性案例研究设计与扎根方法,归纳总结出政府角色、数字生态系统与数字创新优势的特征与理论框架。提出了"政府角色与数字生态系统共演机制模型",政府角色从主导、引导到规制的演进催生了数字生态系统"共生—互生—再生"的演化过程,展现了两者共演机制与共演阶段驱动数字创新机会的涌现与创新优势的凸现。研究结果不仅丰富了政府数字治理理论,而且为中国当前数字创新实践提供新的思路与框架。 相似文献
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协同创新是一个系统工程,需要整合分散的创新活动,建立各主体共同参与的动态演进机制,才能形成官产学研用协同创新生态系统。基于CAS理论,本文从协同创新的主体及其行为的复杂适应性、协同驱动的要素及其相互关系、协同演进的路径三方面对协同创新的动态演进机制进行研究,以期丰富和完善协同创新理论,构筑和充实协同创新的框架。 相似文献
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基于商业生态系统和产业技术追赶等相关理论,综合运用规范的多案例研究、社会网络分析等定性定量研究方法,以我国蜂窝移动通信产业为典型研究案例,提出了"全球化背景下新兴国家新一代信息技术产业生态系统演进与创新"的理论框架。研究发现生态系统结构、新兴技术体系、生态系统能力、制度要素的共同演进对支撑产业发展模式的转变发挥了重要的作用。通过深度剖析我国蜂窝移动通信产业发展模式转变的运行机制及其内在规律,提出了新兴国家产业的并行发展模式,拓展了产业技术追赶的相关理论,并为分析产业演进创新过程中的机制与动力提供了新的视角。 相似文献
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服务生态系统是服务主导逻辑发展出的重要理论视角,近年来成为服务相关研究关注的焦点.然而,有关服务生态系统的研究还缺乏系统的理论框架.鉴于此,基于文献研究,本文首先指出服务生态系统的源起和核心观点,然后以“基础—过程—目标”为主线,系统构建服务生态系统的理论框架.研究表明： 服务生态系统源起于商业生态系统、服务主导逻辑和服务系统;服务生态系统的结构具有微观、中观、宏观3个层次;在服务生态系统内,制度、价值主张和体验情境等促进因素通过相互作用机制促进价值共创和服务创新. 相似文献
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有别于传统创新生态系统理论，数字创新在数字创新生态系统中有着核心位置，而现有研究对数字创新生态系统的探讨尚处于初级阶段，急需探究其概念内涵、核心特征和运行机制。为进一步拓展创新生态系统的理论边界，采用文献调研法和理论演绎法，从“数字创新”和“创新生态系统”两个概念解析数字创新生态系统的概念内涵与构成要素，借鉴创新生态系统研究范式，从企业微观、产业中观和国家宏观3个层面构建数字创新生态系统的理论框架。结合数字生态系统和创新生态系统两大理论体系，提出数字创新生态系统的构成六要素包括生产者、消费者、赋能者、运营者、研究者和生态环境，并揭示其具有模块性、适应性、多样性、生长性和共生性五大核心特征。运用概念模型法建构数字创新生态系统的理论模型分析其运行机制发现，数字创新生态系统的稳定演化主要依托于异质性创新资源整合机制、数字化创新能力提升机制、数字价值实现机制和数字协同治理机制4个方面的有序运行来实现。为保障数字创新生态系统的良性运行，应丰富系统内的创新主体类型，并建立面向企业、产业和国家三层次的价值共生协同体系。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
14.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献