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第11届全运会女子三级跳远运动员三跳技术的运动学分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
对参加第11届全运会田径比赛女子三级跳远决赛前8名运动员三跳技术的相关运动学参数进行研究,结果表明:我国女子三级跳远运动员助跑绝对速度和起跳速度利用率较差,只有8.96 m/s和95.5%,与世界女子三级跳运动员的9.41 m/s和98.2%相比,差异具有显著性(P<0.01);起跳脚着地与离地瞬间身体重心水平速度较差,只有8.71 m/s,与世界选手的9.33 m/s相比,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);单足跳与跨步跳时的身体重心腾起角度适宜,分别为(17.19±4.37)°、(15.07±4.12)°,但最后跳跃的身体重心腾起角过大(23.57±4.12)°,超过世界运动员的16°~20°;三跳的支撑总时间较长,起跳效果不理想。 相似文献
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以第十一届全运会男子三级跳远前8名运动员为研究对象,采用影片拍摄法、图像解析法对其主要运动学参数进行分析.结果表明,我国优秀男子三级跳远运动员主要采用单足跳型技术;着地瞬间时相,着地角在跨步跳阶段、支撑腿膝角在跨步跳和跳跃阶段与国外优秀运动员存在显著性差异;支撑腿最大缓冲时相:支撑腿膝角缓冲幅度与国外优秀运动员相比偏小,差异显著,表明支撑腿退让性工作能力和快速蹬伸能力不强.离地瞬间时相:起跳角在单足跳和跨步跳阶段与国外优秀运动员相比偏小;助跑最后一步的水平速度为9.99 m/s,与国外优秀运动员相比存在显著性差异. 相似文献
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助跑与起跳重心水平速度对三级跳远成绩具有决定性作用;与世界优秀运动员相比,我国运动员在助跑最后两步离地瞬间重心水平速度和垂直速度呈递减趋势,重心水平速度较小,但在单足跳离地瞬间垂直速度较高,导致了过大的腾起角。 相似文献
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三级跳远中各跳起跳时着地动作的作用分析 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
对我国部分优秀女子三级跳远运动员在试跳过程中各跳起跳时着地动作的特点进行专门研究 ,同时从力学角度对着地技术的作用进行分析。主要采用摄像、录象解析法和文献资料调研。结论 :着地角的大小直接影响重心移过支撑点即前支撑时间的长短 ,从而影响水平速度的损失率 ,也是影响每一跳水平、垂直速度分配的重要因素 相似文献
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采用Sony录像系统(50 f/s)及高速录像系统(120 f/s)两台摄像机对我国优秀女子三级跳远运动员比赛过程中的助跑与三跳动作过程进行了定点拍摄。通过对动作图像解析与相关技术参数的统计与对比分析,结果发现:目前我国女子三级跳远的助跑速度峰值未能出现在起跳前瞬间或板前3 m(倒数第2步);我国优秀女子三级跳远运动员各跳起跳离地时的水平速度大大低于国外优秀运动员,助跑加速节奏的类型属于"下降型"。为此进一步改进助跑加速节奏,充分发挥助跑水平速度的潜能,是我国女子三级跳远技术改进与提高成绩的关键性问题。 相似文献
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三级跳远项目对运动员的身体素质和专项技术能力要求极高,技术的好坏决定了其运动水平。本研究以2009年德国世界田径锦标赛男子三级跳远决赛运动员为例,分析了前8名运动员跳出最好成绩跳次的倒2步步长、三跳比例以及重心速度、角度等技术特征,以期为正确认识现代世界级三级跳远运动员的技术特征,为指导训练提供理论参考。 相似文献
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《西安体育学院学报》2015,(6):755-759
运用调查法、文献资料法及实验法,对国家队三级跳远优秀运动员方耀庆的技术进行跟踪研究,以明确其技术特征,并进一步改进与提高运动技术与成绩。研究结果表明:第1跳在跑跳结合的环节上避免了伸腿够板的动作形式;第2、3跳入跳角随即减小、扇面角依跳次的增加而逐步加大,符合三级跳远中跑跳结合、连续跳跃不同用力方式的运动学原理;其三跳的水平速度递减率呈平稳变化状态,是技术稳定性的标志。前2跳以较小的速度利用值获取了较大的跳跃距离,其技术特征显示了明显的优越性,而第3跳离地瞬间形成身体的前倾姿态,导致了第3跳跳跃效果的降低。 相似文献
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对我国高等院校体育俱乐部的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陈秀娟 《体育成人教育学刊》2007,23(3):81-83
越来越多的高校以体育俱乐部的形式进行了教学改革,但目前对高校体育俱乐部的研究存在着概念模糊、分类不准确、定性不明确等问题,结合理论与实践对以上问题进行了分析,并提出了自己的见解。 相似文献
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of changes in maximal aerobic (MAS) and sprinting (MSS) speeds and the anaerobic reserve (ASR) on repeated-sprint performance. Two hundred and seventy highly-trained soccer players (14.5 ± 1.6 year) completed three times per season (over 5 years) a maximal incremental running test to approach MAS, a 40-m sprint with 10-m splits to assess MSS and a repeated-sprint test (10 × 30-m sprints), where best (RSb) and mean (RSm) sprint times, and percentage of speed decrement (%Dec) were calculated. ASR was calculated as MSS-MAS. While ?RSb were related to ?MSS and ?body mass (r2 = 0.42, 90%CL[0.34;0.49] for the overall multiple regression, n = 334), ?RSm was also correlated with ?MAS and ?sum of 7 skinfolds (r2 = 0.43 [0.35;0.50], n = 334). There was a small and positive association between ?%Dec and ?MAS (r2 = 0.02 [?0.07;0.11], n = 334). Substantial ?MSS and ?MAS had a predictive value of 70 and 55% for ?RSm, respectively. Finally, ?ASR per se was not predictive of ?RSm (Cohen’s = +0.8 to ?0.3 with increased ASR), but the greater magnitude of ?RSm improvement was observed when MSS, MAS and ASR increased together (0.8 vs. +0.4 with ASR increased vs. not, additionally to MSS and MAS). Low-cost field tests aimed at assessing maximal sprinting and aerobic speeds can be used to monitor ?RS performance. 相似文献
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论新生活运动正当娱乐中的体育 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
新生活运动历时15年,涉及到了国民生活的方方面面。娱乐作为生活的重要组成部分,也受到新生活运动的影响。为了纠正社会上根深蒂固的“烟”、“赌”和“娼”等不良风气,新生活运动组织十分重视对正当娱乐的提倡,对体育尤为重视。蒋介石本人在新生活运动周年纪念大会上专门提到过体育问题。体育活动曾被作为新生活运动的年度中心工作或者工作要点来开展。虽然最后对体育的提倡没有达到十分理想的效果,但确实引导了国民的健康观念。新生活运动组织还培养了数量不多的体育人员,为近代体育的发展注入了动力。 相似文献
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运用文献资料、专家访谈和数理统计研究方法,对上海市二、三线运动员2004年参加全国比赛前三名的成绩进行分析,并与部分省市二、三线运动员成绩比较。结果表明:上海市竞技体育后备人才部分项目在全国保持一定优势,但后备人才严重匮乏;未来几年比赛夺金人员缺乏;部分项目与其它省市有较大的差距;其它省市对上海优势项目构成较大威胁。 相似文献
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运用问卷调查和文献资料等方法,对武汉市居民体育消费水平、体育消费结构、体育消费影响因素、体育消费发展趋势等进行了分析研究。结果表明:居民对体育的功能和作用有深刻认识,但由于经济因素和传统习惯等影响,保守性消费观念仍占主导地位;体育消费的绝对水平较10年前大幅增长,但相对水平涨幅不大。 相似文献
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Susan Berney Kimberley Haines Linda Denehy 《Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Journal》2012,23(1):19-25
A physiotherapist is part of the multidisciplinary team in most intensive care units in Australia. Physiotherapists are primary contact practitioners and use a comprehensive multisystem assessment that includes the respiratory, cardiovascular, neurological, and musculoskeletal systems to formulate individualized treatment plans. The traditional focus of treatment has been the respiratory management of both intubated and spontaneously breathing patients. However, the emerging evidence of the longstanding physical impairment suffered by survivors of intensive care has resulted in physiotherapists re-evaluating treatment priorities to include exercise rehabilitation as a part of standard clinical practice. The goals of respiratory physiotherapy management are to promote secretion clearance, maintain or recruit lung volume, optimize oxygenation, and prevent respiratory complications in both the intubated and spontaneously breathing patient. In the intubated patient, physiotherapists commonly employ manual and ventilator hyperinflation and positioning as treatment techniques whilst in the spontaneously breathing patients there is an emphasis on mobilization. Physiotherapists predominantly use functional activities for the rehabilitation of the critically ill patient in intensive care. While variability exists between states and centers, Australian physiotherapists actively treat critically ill patients targeting interventions based upon research evidence and individualized assessment. A trend toward more emphasis on exercise rehabilitation over respiratory management is evident.Key Words: physiotherapy, intensive care 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(7):678-685
AbstractLateral movements like cutting are essential in many team sport disciplines. The aim of the present study was to analyse adaptations in motor control in response to task unpredictability during lateral movement execution. Twelve subjects performed lateral jumps with different landing modalities (stable, sliding or counteracting) that were either known (predictable setting) or unknown (unpredictable setting) prior to movement execution. Results revealed that regardless of the landing modality, hip joint abduction was significantly greater in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. Furthermore, during the sliding landing modality, hip flexion decreased from 211 ± 7° to 207 ± 7° and knee flexion decreased from 26 ± 4° to 24 ± 4° at the instant of ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable condition. During the stable landing modality, the knee joint abduction increased from ?0.3 ± 6° to ?3 ± 6° after initial ground contact in the unpredictable compared to predictable setting. The present results support our hypothesis that pre-programmed motor activity depends on the predictability of the landing modality during lateral movements. According to its adaptation in the frontal plane and in some extent in the sagittal plane, the hip joint seems to play the major role in the modulation of the pre-programmed activity for successful lateral jump execution in an unpredictable setting. However, these kinematic adaptations are concerning since these changes were associated with higher knee abduction during the stable landing modality and therefore with possible higher risk of injury. 相似文献
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公共体育服务是上海“体育强市”建设的基础支撑.“十一五”时期,上海市公共体育服务制度化建设逐渐加强,便民化设施不断增多,系列化活动初具规模,但仍面临着“制度设计”执行不力、“多元主体”供给失衡、“以需定供”尚未畅通等困境.在建设“体育强市”的过程中,应夯实公共体育服务基础,丰富公共体育服务内涵,培育公共体育服务多元主体,构建公共体育服务评价机制. 相似文献
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面对21世纪,高等医学院校体育教育改革应给学生全方位的体育教育,尤其要结合医学专业特点,提高选择和制定运动处方及指导监督他人体育健身康复的能力。 相似文献