共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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目的:比较中下段食管癌三维适形放射治疗常见的三野照射与四野照射方法的临床物理参数,优化放疗治疗计划。方法:随机选取中下段食管癌患者,采用VARIAN公司Eclipse治疗计划系统。按照ICRU50号报告指导原则勾画靶区,并分别设计三野与四野三维适形治疗计划,PTV所有方向上均放相同的边界5mm。然后利用体积剂量直方图DVH对两种布野方式的治疗计划靶区量分布,危及器官保护等参数进行分析和比较。处方剂量50Gy/25F。结果:两种照射方式靶区剂量分布情况相似,脊髓受照射剂量三野优于四野。在肺V20以及V5指标中,四野照射明显优于三野照射,在肺V30指标上无明显差异。结论:中下段食管癌三维适形放疗中,四野照射在肺V20、V5指标上优于三野照射计划,从预防严重放射性肺损伤角度上具有优势。 相似文献
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射野挡块技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着适形调强技术(IMRT),图像引导下的放疗(IGRT)等挂术的迅速发展,大多数患者的治疗效果都得到了很大程度的提高,疗效显著.放射治疗就是根据肿瘤生长的部位及侵犯的区域,画出肿瘤靶区在放疗时应给予靶体积足够照射剂量的同时,要尽可能的避免对周边正常组织器官的照射.但对一些要求精度更高特殊部位的治疗,仍然适形程度稍差,主要是因为加速器的多叶准直器的每一叶片有一定的宽度,所形成的照射野的形状的边缘为锯齿状.这样就存在漏射线及穿射半影,照射野的边缘剂量就不准确.因此利用铅挡块技术就能很好的解决这个问题,它可以做到与靶区高度适形,可以较容易的实现适合患者个体化照射的要求,在放射治疗中已经被证实是有效的,较为成熟的、必不可少的治疗技术. 相似文献
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采用高能电子束辐照处理四株不同的酵母菌株 ,筛选赖氨酸含量较高的突变株并研究电子束对酵母的辐照效应 .试验表明 :电子束处理酵母的最佳剂量为 4 .14～ 4 .83k Gy,临界致死剂量为6.8k Gy,起始剂量为 0 .69k Gy,不同菌株对电子束的敏感性不同 ,其敏感性强度分别为产朊假丝酵母 >产香酵母 >热带假丝酵母 >面包酵母 .发酵试验表明 :不同剂量的电子束处理酵母 ,其胞外赖氨酸含量都发生不同程度的变异 ;其变异幅度为 84～ 2 90μg/ ml,经电子束处理的酵母其胞外赖氨酸含量比出发菌株赖氨酸含量平均提高 10 .9% .在剂量为 4 .83k Gy,致死率 80 %的条件下 ,酵母胞外赖氨酸变异幅度最广 ,产生高赖氨酸菌株的突变株比例为最大 ,达到 16.5% (胞外赖氨酸含量在 1.4 mg/ ml以上 ) ,在突变体选育方面具有较大的可选择性和可行性 ,为该菌的菌种改良提供了一条遗传育种的途径 相似文献
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患者 ,男 6 8岁 ,体重 5 7kg,因壶腹 Ca、梗阻性黄疸入院。该患者活动后乏力、气短、心悸、胸痛 4年 ,胸骨左缘 4～ 5肋间可闻及粗糙的收缩期杂音 ～ °,两肺 (— ) ,肝脾肋下未触及 ,双下肢不肿。ECG示 ST—T改变 ,病理 Q波。心脏彩超示室间隔增厚达 1 6 mm,左室流出道变窄 ,二尖瓣轻度返流 ,主动脉瓣硬化。诊断为肥厚性梗阻型心肌病伴轻度二尖瓣返流 ,主动脉瓣硬化。病人入室后测血压 1 3 5 /90 mm Hg,心率90 bpm,选 T9- 1 0 硬膜外穿刺置管 ,注入 2 %利多卡因5 ml,5分钟后追加 1 .5 %利多卡因 1 0 ml,阻滞平面为 T3- 1 2 ,静注芬… 相似文献
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癌症是长期威胁人类健康的三大病魔之一 ,是危害中国人民的第二大疾病。人类采用了手术切除、化学药物治疗、免疫治疗以及近年正在研究的基因疗法等各种手段与之进行不懈的斗争 ,放射治疗 (即放疗 )也是治疗肿瘤的主要手段之一。目前 ,单独放疗或联合放疗已占整个肿瘤治疗的 70 %左右 ,在各种手段的治疗中 ,以放疗为主的治愈率约占 40 %。目前采用的放疗手段 (Ｘ 射线、γ 光子、电子和快中子等 ) ,在人体组织内的剂量分布并不理想 ,在杀死癌细胞的同时 ,周围健康组织也受到较大损伤 ,会出现一些并发症。随着核科学技术的发展 ,人们发现带电… 相似文献
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目的 探讨风心病二尖瓣狭窄并发左房血栓患者行经皮二尖瓣球囊成形术(PBMV)安全性、效果及处置对策.方法 16例左房血栓患者术前经2～12周口服阿司匹林、华法令,皮下注射低分子量肝素钠,左房血栓消失或机化后行PBMV术,术中精细操作.结果 MVA0.88±0.33至2.10±0.47cm2,MVG17.3±4.8至4.63±1.74mmHg,术中无一例发生栓塞,未出现重度二尖瓣返流.结论 左房血栓仅为PBMV相对禁忌症,对左心耳、左房顶部血栓经充分抗凝后行PBMV术,操作恰当可与无血栓者取得相似效果. 相似文献
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目的:探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期患者呼吸衰竭时初始采用压力调节容量控制通气(PRVC)治疗与容量控制通气的辅助/控制通气(A/C)治疗的疗效及其差异.方法:将36例并发Ⅱ型呼吸衰竭需行机械通气治疗的慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期惠者分为试验纽18例以PRVC进行治疗,对照组18例以容量控制(VC)的辅助/控制通气(A/C)治疗,分别于机械通气治疗1、2、4小时观察两组pH、PaO2、PaCO2的变化.结果试验组pH、PaO2、PaCO2的改善明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期惠者呼吸衰竭行不同模式机械通气治疗均有效,但初始采用VC(A/C)模式的疗效优于PRVC模式. 相似文献
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高速铁路防灾系统防风布点方案优化研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
研究目的:高速铁路防灾系统中防风布点方案的优化研究,关系到监测系统所采集瞬时风速和风向数据的准确性及可靠性,其中优化目标(即防风布点原则)及优化科学分析和计算,可以为行车指挥控制系统提供较为合理的速度限制指令信息,或为启动应急预案提供决策依据,从而达到安全,高效行车的目的.研究结论:以高速铁路沿线距轨面4m高度处最大瞬时风速2年一遇设计值(V4_2max),为防风布点方案主控因素,结合强风主风向与线路走向夹角β,以及高路堤和高架桥及特大桥弯道强横风区间偏角<10°进行逐步优化,利用基于最小二乘法的线性回归方程对强风(阵风)系数进行计算后,发现方程的效果很好,验证了高速铁路防风安全监控系统防风布点方案优化的必要性,为高速铁路防灾系统技术标准和规范制定提供了借鉴和参考. 相似文献
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D. Jain A. Ray A. K. Bahadur K. U. Chaturvedi R. Sood S. Sharma S. L. D. Naik B. K. Sharma 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2001,16(1):42-51
There are numerous growing evidences of resemblance between carcinomas of the breast and prostate. A total of 45 cases of
these two hormone-dependent cancers along with appropriate controls were subjected for status of epidermal growth factor receptors
as well as serum lipid profile. Paraffin embedded tissue sections from aforesald tumours were analysed by immunohistochemical
staining for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), c-erbB-2 oncoprotein, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor
(PgR). Sera from same individuals were studied for serum lipid profile analysis. The study revealed that immunoexpression
of all receptor proteins (EGF-R). c-erbB-2 was significantly higher in breast carcinoma. In addition, mean levels of triglycerides,
total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were found to be significantly elevated while the level of HDL-cholesterol was observed
to be lower among patients with breast cancer as compared to matched controls. Further, ER-positive breast cancer cases have
significantly higher mean level of HDL-cholesterol when compared with ER-negative breast cancer patients. Contrary to this,
no alteration in different serum lipid fractions was noticed among the patients with prostate cancer. However, a positive
relationship was noticed between immunoexpressions of EGF-R and c-erbB-2 in prostate cancer. 相似文献
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Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy Elizabeth Zachariah P. G. Ramaswamy N. Anantha 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):37-39
Circulating levels of gonadotropins (FSH,LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay
in the sera of 60 patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer. 30 patients belonged to the post and 30 to the premenopausal
group. 30 healthy women, 15 each in the pre and post menopausal groups served as controls for the study.
Prolactin was elevated in 33% and 26% of pre and post menopausal breast cancer patients respectively. Lower levels of estradiol
and progesterone were observed during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Among
postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, LH was elevated in 32%, FSH in 15% and estradiol in 30% of the patients studied. 相似文献
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分析了传统运作计划带来供应链运作的未同步、未优化弊端.提出分三步进行的供应链运作计划集成模式,将各节点企业的运作计划集成为一个有机实体,达到供应链各运作的同步及物流、资金流资源的优化.提出了今后还需进一步研究的领域. 相似文献
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针对目前企业培训存在的缺乏系统管理、培训质量不稳定、缺乏有效管控、评估体系不科学等问题,引入项目管理理念和技术,通过优化项目运作式的培训管理流程,确保企业培训的顺利实施;通过制定项目质量计划、项目沟通计划、风险防范计划等综合管理技术,强化培训过程管控,使培训质量得到保证。 相似文献
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Jigna Joshi Apexa Raval Urja Desai Vinal Upadhyay Mansi Bhavsar Kanisha Shah Rakesh Rawal Harsha Panchal Franky Shah 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2021,36(1):51
In the era of the targeted therapy identification of EGFR mutation detection in lung cancer is extremely helpful to predict the treatment efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Unfortunately, the inadequacy and quality of the biopsy samples are the major obstacles in molecular testing of EGFR mutation in lung cancer. To address this issue, the present study intended to use liquid biopsy as the non-invasive method for EGFR mutation detection. A total of 31 patients with an advanced stage of lung cancer were enrolled in the study from which cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and FFPE tissue DNA was extracted. Extracted DNA samples were analyzed for further EGFR exon specific mutation analysis by ARMS-PCR. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS software. In cfDNA samples, the prevalence of wild type EGFR was 48% while the prevalence of TKI resistant and TKI sensitive mutations were 3%. Conversely, in tissue DNA samples, the prevalence of wild type, TKI sensitive and TKI resistant mutations were 48%, 19%, and 3%, respectively. The overall concordance of EGFR mutation between cfDNA and tissue DNA was 83%. McNemar’s test revealed that there was no significant difference between EGFR expression of cfDNA and tissue DNA samples. Additionally, the significant-high incidence of TKI resistant mutations was observed in tobacco habituates, indicating the role of carcinogens present in the tobacco in developing resistant mutations. In conclusion, our data suggest that evaluation of EGFR mutation from cfDNA samples is practicable as a non-invasive tool in patients with advanced-stage of lung cancer. 相似文献
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Fasting blood sample of 50 normal subjects (control) and 100 patients of breast cancer were investigated for serum total cholesterol,
high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein
cholesterol:low density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and total cholesterol:high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio during
breast cancer of women. Five cancer stages, types, age groups, parity and menopausal status were undertaken for the study.
It was observed that there was a significant rise in serum total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol whereas
high density lipoprotein cholesterol and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol were not significant. The ratio of high
density lipoprotein cholesterol:low density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol:high density lipoprotein cholesterol
values increased significantly in breast cancer patients. 相似文献
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Dayalu Naik S L Suresh Hedau Anil Kumar Bahadur Renuka Saha Sudershan Kaur Amitabha Ray 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2008,23(3):250-254
The present study was undertaken to determine the significance of sex hormone binding globulin, the major and specific binding
protein for testosterone and estradiol, in breast cancer. Among breast cancer patients, lower serum levels of Sex hormone
binding globulin and higher levels of testosterone were observed. Sex hormone binding globulin showed an inverse relationship
with testosterone and total cholesterol, and a direct relation with HDL-cholesterol. By the western blot analyses, Sex hormone
binding globulin was detected in all biological samples that we examined. In the breast tumor tissue sections, immuno-staining
for Sex hormone binding globulin was confined in cell cytoplasm and 29% cases were positive, which showed no association with
the investigated prognostic markers of breast cancer such as ER and HER-2/neu over-expression. In this study, decreased circulating
levels of Sex hormone binding globulin in breast cancer patients possibly indicate higher bioavailable estrogens. 相似文献