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论散打运动员的主要心理特征和心理训练内容 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
散打竞赛是高强度个人直接对抗项目，运动员的心理素质直接影响着他们的竞技状态和竞技水平。章分析了散打运动员的主要心理特征，论述了日常心理训练和赛前心理训练的主要内容。 相似文献
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随着现代体育运动的高速发展，散打运动也在飞速发展。运动员取得好的运动成绩，不仅需要良好的技战术水平还需要有良好的心理素质，因为它们直接决定着运动员的竞技状态和竞技水平。本文主要通过对散打比赛赛前、赛中、赛后出现的不良心理进行分析，研究心理素质在散打比赛中的重要性，并找出克服的方法，从而为散打运动员在比赛中提高运动成绩提供一定的指导和借鉴作用。 相似文献
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对运动员进行心理训练是散打训练的一个重要内容，它直接影响到运动员散打水平的提高。只有通过各种形式把心理训练纳入散打训练的各个阶段，才能充分提高散打训练质量。 相似文献
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本研究在概括我国运动员心理研究现状的基础上，专门对武术散打运动员的心理研究进展进行综述，指出武术散打运动员心理研究上存在的问题以及今后研究的重点。 相似文献
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优秀散打运动员专项心理能力构成因素研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
李玲 《西安体育学院学报》2008,25(6)
以散打运动项目特征为切入点，在对陕西省散打队进行访谈、调查的基础上，运用心理测量方法对散打运动员专项心理能力的构成因素进行分析研究。结果表明，构成散打运动员专项心理能力的指标是认知能力、注意能力、自我控制能力。 相似文献
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马世坤 《武汉体育学院学报》2006,40(2):78-80
以2005年全国青少年散打锦标赛男运动员赛时心理状态为研究内容，从参赛的192名男运动员中抽出60名运动员进行赛时心理状态调查分析。结果表明：不同训练水平运动员参赛时的心理状态和不同竞赛局势时运动员的心理状态存在较大差异。在激烈的散打比赛中，必须充分调动和发挥运动员的心理潜力，以便形成最佳的竞技状态。 相似文献
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文章运用文献资料法、心理测量法和数理统计法,对参加2005年辽宁省青少年散打比赛的73名男女运动员进行测试。结果表明:总体上看辽宁省青少年男子散打运动员心理控制点类型为偏外控型,女子散打运动员为内-外控适宜型;按年龄分组后,男子和女子散打运动员表现出随着年龄的增长,心理控制点类型由内——外控适宜型向偏外控型方向发展的趋势;从比赛结果来看,内-外控适宜型运动员的比赛成绩明显好于偏外控型运动员。 相似文献
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对参加2012年全国武术散打锦标赛的31名运动员以问卷方式进行心理测验,分析优秀散打运动员赛前心理状态与运动成绩的关系。结果：1）男性散打运动员的消极情绪明显高于女性散打运动员,积极情绪明显低于女性散打运动员,并存在不同程度显著性差异。2）成绩优秀组散打运动员的消极情绪最低,成绩较差组最高,不同成绩组别在紧张、慌乱、成就感降低、情绪体力耗竭和运动消极评价因子上的得分呈显著性差异。3）紧张和情绪体力耗竭对优秀散打运动员运动成绩具有非常显著预测作用。结论：比赛成功的运动员赛前心理状态优于不成功的运动员,运动员赛前心理状态与运动成绩密切关联。 相似文献
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This study examined the effect of carbohydrate ingestion on metabolic and performance-related responses during and after a simulated 1h cycling time trial. Eight trained male cyclists (VO 2 peak = 66.5ml kg -1 min -1 ) rode their own bicycles mounted on a windload simulator to imitate real riding conditions. At a self-selected maximal pace, the cyclists performed two 1h rides (separated by 7 days) and were fed either an 8% carbohydrate or placebo solution. The beverages were administered 25 min before (4.5ml kg -1 ) and at the end (4.5ml kg -1 ) of the ride. With carbohydrate feeding, plasma glucose tended (P = 0.21) to rise before the time trial. Compared with rest, the plasma glucose concentration decreased significantly (P < 0.05) at the end of both rides, with no statistically significant difference being observed between treatments. Thereafter, plasma glucose increased significantly (P < 0.05) at 15 and 30 min into recovery, and was significantly higher at 30 min during the carbohydrate trial compared with the placebo trial. No significant changes in plasma free fatty acids were observed during the ride. However, a significant increase (P < 0.05) in free fatty acids was found at 15 and 30 min into recovery, with no difference between trials. Mean power output was significantly (P < 0.05) greater during the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (mean - S.E.: 277-3 and 269-3W, respectively). The greater distance covered in the carbohydrate compared with the placebo trial (41.5-1.06 and 41.0–1.06km, respectively; P < 0.05) was equivalent to a 44s improvement. We conclude that pre-exercise carbohydrate ingestion significantly increases endurance performance in trained cyclists during a 1h simulated time trial. Although the mechanism for this enhancement in performance with carbohydrate ingestion cannot be surmised from the present results, it could be related to a higher rate of carbohydrate oxidation, or to favourable effects of carbohydrate ingestion on the central component of fatigue. 相似文献
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Roy J. Shephard 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(7):603-620
The biology and medicine of rowing are briefly reviewed. Effort in a 2000 -m race is about 70% aerobic. Because the boat (and in some instances a cox) must be propelled, successful competitors are very tall, with a large lean mass and aerobic power. Large hearts may lead to erroneous diagnoses of a cardiomyopathy. Large respiratory minute volumes must be developed by chest muscles that are also involved in rowing. The vital capacity is typically large, and breathing becomes entrained. Expiration cannot be slowed relative to inspiration (as normally occurs at high rates of ventilation) and the limiting flow velocity may be reached, with the potential for airway collapse. Performance is strongly related to the power output at the ‘anaerobic threshold’, and lactate measures provide a guide to an appropriate intensity of endurance training. Peak blood lactate levels are higher in males (commonly 11–19 mmol·l -1 and occasionally as high as 25 mmol·l -1) than in females (9–11 mmol·l -1), probably because males have a greater muscle mass in relation to blood volume. The skeletal muscles are predominantly slow twitch in type, developing an unusual force and power at low contraction velocities. Many rowers have a suboptimal diet, eating excessive amounts of fat. Lightweight rowers also have problems of weight cycling. Aerobic power and muscle endurance often change by 10% over the season, but such fluctuations can be largely avoided by a well-designed winter training programme. Injuries include back and knee problems, tenosynovitis of the wrist and, since the introduction of large blades, fractures of the costae. 相似文献
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许良 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(2):1-4
基于1985、1995和2005年全国学生体质调研数据,对各时期我国城乡学生形态、机能、体能发展水平进行系统地定量研究,动态分析20年全国城乡学生体质发展的特点与规律。主要研究结果：（1）近20年城乡学生生长发育持续提前,城市学生各项形态指标生长水平高于乡村,身高城乡差距缩小,体重、胸围城乡差距加大;（2）城市学生肺活量水平高于乡村,城乡学生肺活量20年持续下降,前10年乡村学生下降快、后10年城市学生下降快;（3）乡村学生800m、1000m跑水平高于城市,城市女生50m跑、仰卧起坐水平高于乡村,其他素质城乡学生水平波动较大;（4）城市女生50m跑20年持续下降,城乡学生800m和1000m跑、城市学生50m×8往返跑20年加速下降,其他素质20年间有增有降发展极不平稳。 相似文献
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采用测量、问卷调查、数理统计等方法,分析定向运动学习前后对大学生身心健康的影响.结果经T检验和x2检验且表明：定向运动不仅能增强学生体质健康水平,而且有助于学生的情绪调节,增强自信心与创新意识,培养勇敢顽强的意志品质,建立良好的人际关系,能有效地促进学生身心健康发展.为了全面提高大学生整体素质,积极实践,构建定向运动课内外一体化教学模式,进行定向运动课程模块化教学,以满足学生的多元化需求. 相似文献
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Alan M. Nevill Roger L. Holder Andrew Bardsley Helen Calvert Stephen Jones 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(4):437-443
A regression analysis of competitors' tournament results in relation to their world rankings was proposed to identify the effect of home advantage in international ‘grand-slam’ tennis and ‘major’ golf tournaments. The results provided little evidence of home advantage in either the grand-slam tennis or the golf tournaments held in 1993. The only possible evidence of home advantage was found in the Wimbledon tennis and the US Open golf championships. Even these findings can be explained, at least partially, by (1) the availability of information concerning the low world rankings of the British tennis players competing at Wimbledon, and (2) selective entry, allowing only the world's top-ranked foreign golfers into the US open golf tournament. In both cases, the lower ranking home competitors have a greater opportunity to perform above their anticipated world rankings. Therefore, provided entry into tennis and golf tournaments is truly ‘open’ to both the host nation's representatives and foreign competitors alike, home advantage does not appear to be a major factor influencing the competitors' performance in such competitions. These findings may be explained by the relatively objective nature of the scoring systems used in tennis and golf, unlike the subjective influence of refereeing decisions on the results of team-games such as soccer. 相似文献
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曲爱宁 《体育科技文献通报》2007,15(8):97-98
柔韧素质是健美操专业学生的专项素质之一,通过对普通高校健美操专业学生分组对照进行柔韧性训练的实验研究,认为对训练肌群辅以按摩器振颤刺激,可大大提高柔韧性训练效果。 相似文献
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我国城市体育自然环境建设与发展的研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用实地调查研究、理性思维研究和文献资料调研等方法对主要问题进行了专门研究，提出了进行城市体育场所区域生态功能区划、设计体育生态功能区布局的方案、做好体育场所绿色环境系统规划、制定体育场所生态与绿地管理措施等基本观点，提出了若干城市体育自然环境建设与发展的对策。 相似文献
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重新认识体育的社会关联 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
体育与政治之间存在一个悖论，体育的发展与经济实力之间没有直线相关，体育与教育部分重叠，体育与宗教最为近缘，体育可借用科学手段，体育的艺术禀性日益明显，体育与养生反映着两种人生观。 相似文献