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标准存量是经济增长的影响因素之一。介绍标准类别和标准机构,分析各国国家层面上的标准与经济增长关系的研究成果,研究基于生产函数法测算标准存量对经济增长贡献的理论模型,分析测算我国不变价国内生产总值、资本投入、劳动投入的方法。将发明专利和国家标准作为测算我国技术发展水平和技术扩散程度的指标,使用永续盘存法测算专利和标准的有效存量,并根据我国1985—2017年数据分析资本、劳动、专利和标准等要素的年增长率及其对经济增长贡献率的变化。实证分析显示,我国近年来的经济增长方式属于资本驱动,劳动投入对经济增长的贡献逐年下降,需要研究新的要素驱动模式。建议通过鼓励创新和制定标准相关政策,提高创新驱动对我国经济增长的贡献。 相似文献
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标准存量是经济增长的影响因素之一。介绍标准类别和标准机构,分析各国国家层面上的标准与经济增长关系的研究成果,研究基于生产函数法测算标准存量对经济增长贡献的理论模型,分析测算我国不变价国内生产总值、资本投入、劳动投入的方法。将发明专利和国家标准作为测算我国技术发展水平和技术扩散程度的指标,使用永续盘存法测算专利和标准的有效存量,并根据我国1985－2017年数据分析资本、劳动、专利和标准等要素的年增长率及其对经济增长贡献率的变化。实证分析显示,我国近年来的经济增长方式属于资本驱动,劳动投入对经济增长的贡献逐年下降,需要研究新的要素驱动模式。建议通过鼓励创新和制定标准的政策推动创新驱动对我国经济的影响。 相似文献
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科技进步作为经济增长的内在动力,推动社会生产力不断向前,实现经济社会的繁荣与发展。通过总结国内外有关科技进步贡献率测算的分析方法,在柯布-道格拉斯生产函数的基础上引入势分析理论,建立势生产函数模型来测算广西科技进步贡献率。选取1991—2013年的广西数据对14个滚动经济周期的科技进步贡献率进行测算,实证分析结果表明:广西自1991年以来,全要素生产率均大于1,说明投入要素的利用程度高于平均水平;同时科技进步贡献率水平低,说明广西创新驱动的效能还有待提升,需要在保证资本产出效率不断提高的基础上切实提高劳动生产率,保证广西科技进步对经济增长的贡献率不断提高。 相似文献
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《内蒙古科技与经济》2016,(17)
通过对目前内蒙古粗放式发展这一特征的分析,引出了未来发展依靠技术进步的必要性。以内蒙古2000年~2014年间经济发展的基础数据为分析对象,运用柯布—道格拉斯生产函数和"索洛余值"法测算技术进步对内蒙古经济增长的贡献率,实证分析了经济增长的主要因素。分析结果表明:技术进步对内蒙古经济发展的贡献率仅为17.16%,而资本投入对经济发展的贡献率达到了78.11%,说明了内蒙古经济成果主要来源于资本的投入;未来内蒙古应加快科技创新,注重整体经济效益,使技术进步成为发展经济的主要驱动力。 相似文献
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科技进步与美国新经济 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用CSH理论方法对美国新经济增长因素进行了分析,并对其2010年的经济增长做出预测。从测算结果看,新经济既不是劳动力经济(劳动力增长在经济增长中的贡献率大于60%,1850年以前的美国经济),也不是资本经济(资本在经济增长中的贡献率大于60%,如当今中国的经济),也不是知识经济(科技进步在经济增长中的贡献率大于60%,如当今美国硅谷的经济),而是一种科技、资本、劳动力高度均衡的经济,其发展方向是知识经济。 相似文献
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基于共生理论的科技进步与中国经济发展方式转型分析 《科学学研究》2012,30(12):1802-1809
把内生增长理论与新制度经济学的合理思想与方法结合起来,提出共生理论和方法,对中国国内生产总值与科技、人力资本、劳动力、固定资本等因素的关系进行计量经济学分析,建立起中国经济增长的新模型,并利用DEA方法测算制度因素在经济增长中的贡献率,从而对1978-2007年中国改革开放30年的经济增长因素进行分析。并利用一般均衡分析的方法,对2011-2020年中国经济发展方式转型的一些主要指标进行优化和预测。 相似文献
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考虑人力资本的异质性,采用基于人力资本分类的生产函数模型,将作为生产要素的劳动力分为基础人力资本和人才资本,结合麦迪逊系数法对2001—2010年间上海地区的要素投入与经济增长的关系进行定量分析,比较人才资本与基础人力资本对经济增长贡献率的差异,发现人才资本的贡献率最高,并得出加快经济转型应由依赖基础人力资本向依靠人才资本转变,要加强人才资本投资以促进经济发展,人才红利将成为继"人口红利"之后的又一大红利。 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way - at least in theory - to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms' spin states 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):23-23
Prof. SUN Changpu from the CAS Institute of Theoretical Physics and coworkers from University of Basel in Switzerland have worked out a way --at least in theory --to split a beam of molecules according to their chirality. The technique involves passing the molecules through three different laser beams and is similar to the famous Stern-Gerlach effect, whereby a beam of atoms passing through a magnetic field is split in two according to the atoms＇ spin states （Phys. Rev. Lett. 99 130403）. 相似文献