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1.
猪胰岛细胞异种移植是一种极具潜力治疗糖尿病的方法。其临床应用主要面临两大挑战:高质量的活性胰岛短缺与异种免疫排斥反应。合适的猪供体筛选(年龄、性别、品系、基因表型)是获取充足的高性能胰岛移植物的重要前提,并可有效地减轻胰岛异种抗原性及体内异种排斥反应,进而延长移植物的功能存活时间。在文中,我们总结了异种移植中猪胰岛的相关研究进展,为供体猪的筛选提供了依据;同时表明了无特殊病原体的成年转基因猪可能是目前最佳的异种胰岛供体,有望在未来的临床研究中大规模应用。 相似文献
2.
杨晓蕾 《山东教育学院学报》2012,27(2)
1型糖尿病是把自身免疫系统对胰岛β细胞进行特异性损伤作为特征的自身免疫疾病,其中β细胞自身抗原,T淋巴细胞,B淋巴细胞及巨噬细胞对胰岛β细胞的损伤起重要作用。 相似文献
3.
目的:评估糖尿病和甲状腺功能亢进对雄性动物睾丸和附睾组织形态学及类固醇激素合成的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。创新点:以小鼠为模型,首次研究并发糖尿病和甲状腺功能亢进对雄性哺乳动物睾丸、附睾发育和类固醇激素合成的影响。方法:32只ICR品系小鼠分为四组:对照组(C)、糖尿病组(D)、糖尿病+甲亢组(DH)和甲亢组(H)。D组小鼠以200 mg/kg剂量单次腹膜内注射链脲佐菌素(STZ),诱导糖尿病成功。另对其中一半以0.3 mg/kg剂量每天注射甲状腺素,组成DH组。小鼠试验结束后,采集睾丸、附睾和血液,并离心分离获得血清。睾丸和附睾用4%(0.04 g/ml)多聚甲醛固定,并用苏木精-伊红染色法(HE)观察睾丸和附睾组织形态学变化,用放射免疫测定(RIA)试剂盒检测血清中睾酮、促甲状腺激素(TSH)、胰岛素、甲状腺素(T4)和三碘甲状腺原氨酸(T3)的含量并进行分析。结论:D和DH组小鼠的体重、睾丸和附睾的重量显著降低。相比于正常甲亢或糖尿病小鼠,DH组中血糖水平显著升高。甲状腺激素可能是通过改变糖尿病患者的血清血糖水平对血糖稳态产生瞬时影响。组织形态学分析结果显示,在DH和H组小鼠睾丸中,输精管管腔增大,上皮厚度减少,睾丸生殖干细胞发生萎缩性变化。DH组小鼠的附睾头呈现主细胞压实、纤毛、脂质空泡化和炎症浸润现象。在附睾尾部观察到了小管完整性受损、透明细胞聚积和细胞脱落,并发现圆形精子。对于DH和H组,甲亢提高了小鼠血清睾酮水平,并损害了附睾的组织形态。总之,本试验模拟了多腺体自身免疫综合征对雄性繁殖的影响,这将有助于更好地了解男性并发糖尿病和甲亢患者不育的原因。 相似文献
4.
目的研究免疫初乳对正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶致糖尿病小鼠血糖的影响.方法用正常小鼠和糖尿病模型小鼠研究免疫初乳调节血糖的作用.连续30d给予正常小鼠和四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠免疫初乳,30d后眼眶取血,取其血清测定小鼠空腹血清血糖.结论免疫初乳能显著降低四氧嘧啶致高血糖小鼠的血糖水平并提高其糖耐量,且高剂量免疫初乳组的效果好于低剂量组的效果.但免疫初乳对正常小鼠的血清血糖及糖耐量没有影响. 相似文献
5.
旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：探讨旋毛虫感染小鼠肌组织的病理变化。方法：取40只昆明小鼠。用灌胃法建立轻度（L组）、重度（H组）旋毛虫感染动物模型，观察其膈肌组织的病理变化。结果：第1周时可见肌纤维变性、水肿、肌膜破坏等病理变化；肌幼虫囊包周围有较多的炎症细胞浸润。第5周时发生玻璃样变性，出现透明带。第7周时，幼虫及囊包周围开始有钙盐沉积。L组、H组两组除感染第13周外．其余时间病理变化没有观察到明显的差异。结论：感染旋毛虫后，肌组织出现变性、水肿、炎细胞浸润及幼虫囊包的钙化等病理变化，为旋毛虫病的病理检测提供有用的基础资料． 相似文献
6.
链脲佐菌素致大鼠糖尿病模型的实验研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
目的：探讨链脲佐菌素诱导速发型SD大鼠实验性糖尿病模型的建立。方法：采用一次性向大鼠腹腔内注射链脲佐菌素的方法，实验中监测血糖，并取胰腺组织用组织化学和免疫组织化学染色，以Motic Med 6．0显微图像分析系统分析糖尿病大鼠胰岛细胞的数量改变。结果：注射48h后大鼠血糖明显升高，并出现糖尿病表现。形态学观察到胰岛萎缩，B细胞数量明显减少（P〈0．01），灰度降低。结论：一次性足量给予SD大鼠链脲佐菌素，可成功复制出速发型糖尿病动物模型，此药物导致糖尿病的机制是损伤B细胞。此建模方法简单，费用低，血糖反应敏感，为糖尿病组织病理研究及相关实验提供了一个较好模型。 相似文献
7.
雄性小鼠分别经腹腔注射3．00mg·Kg－1的偏钒酸钠。染毒六周后每组随机取5只小鼠进行造模检查,此后,治疗组每日经皮下注射丙酸睾丸酮1．6mg·Kg－1。连续给药五周后取材、分别进行附睾精液分析,睾丸组织学检查,睾丸钒含量测定及血浆TSH与睾酮测定。结果表明,治疗组精子数量、精子存活率、各级生精细胞、曲细精管直径、睾酮含量都高于模型组。但睾丸机含量明显低于模型组。提示,丙酸睾丸酮对钒引起的雄性小鼠生范机能障碍有显著的治疗效果。 相似文献
8.
目的 探讨糖尿病合并急性脑血管病并发高渗状态后,高渗、高糖、高钠对其预后的影响.方法 将12例糖尿病合并急性脑血管病并发高渗状态患者分为存活组和死亡组,对两组患者住院期间的临床资料进行统计学比较.结果 死亡组患者血钠、血糖、血渗透压水平均高于存活组,高渗状态持续的时间也长于存活组,两组之间差异有显著性.结论 严格控制糖尿病合并急性脑血管病并发高渗状态患者的血糖、血钠、血渗透压水平达标,可以提高患者存活率. 相似文献
9.
10.
为了研究急性铅中毒对小鼠睾丸病理变化的影响,通过对小鼠饲喂含有醋酸铅的去离子水建立铅负荷小鼠模型.处理10 d后取材,分析体质量、睾丸指数和睾丸病理剖检变化.结果显示：与对照组相比,铅中毒组小鼠体质量无明显变化,睾丸指数降低,且差异显著（P＜0.05）;小鼠睾丸中支持细胞、生精细胞和间质细胞数量减少.铅对小鼠睾丸具有显著损害作用,从而影响小鼠的生殖健康. 相似文献
11.
目的从昆明鼠睾丸中克隆Bmi1基因,构建真核表达载体,并转染支持细胞,以便用作培养精原干细胞（SSCs）的滋养层.方法以5日龄昆明鼠为材料,提取小鼠睾丸组织中总RNA后,以RT-PCR技术克隆小鼠睾丸Bmi1基因,构建真核表达载体,并转染TM4细胞（睾丸支持细胞株）,在转染后40 h进行免疫荧光鉴定.结果成功克隆小鼠睾丸Bmi1基因的cDNA,测序正确;免疫荧光细胞染色显示,转染后的支持细胞中有Bmi1蛋白表达.结论本研究为以转染了Bmi1基因的支持细胞作饲养层培养SSCs奠定了基础. 相似文献
12.
目的:探讨钙离子通道拮抗剂(维拉帕米,verapamil)对大鼠睾丸扭转复位后睾丸细胞损伤的保护作用.方法:选用出生1个月左右的健康雄性SD大鼠30只,随机平均分成3组,手术制作幼鼠睾丸扭转模型(720°,2h).对部分扭转组应用生理盐水或钙离子通道拮抗剂(维拉帕米).术后6个月处死,取两侧睾丸标本,测定睾丸NO含量、NOS活性,并制备细胞悬液,检测记录每样本中单倍体细胞占细胞总数百分比.结果:B组(扭转组)单倍体细胞占细胞总数明显下降,而且睾丸组织NO含量、NOS活性升高,维拉帕米可减轻上述变化.结论:维拉帕米可以提高睾丸组织单倍体细胞的百分比,在一定程度上可以减轻睾丸组织损伤,对睾丸的生精能力有明显的保护作用. 相似文献
13.
目的：探讨大鼠睾丸扭转2h和5h复位后24h附睾肉毒碱含量的变化及意义．方法：24只成年健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为3组，建立左侧睾丸扭转复位模型：对照组、A组（扭转2h）和B组（扭转5h）．DTNB法检测扭转侧附睾肉毒碱的含量．结果：睾丸扭转2h复位后24h，扭转侧附睾上肉毒碱含量改变不明显（P〉0.05）；扭转5h复位后24h，扭转侧附睾肉毒碱含量下降明显（P〈0．05）．结论：睾丸扭转2h复位后24h，附睾浓缩分泌肉毒碱的功能不受影响；扭转5h复位后24h，附睾浓缩分泌肉毒碱的功能下降． 相似文献
14.
目的:探讨P53、C-myc蛋白在睾丸肿瘤中的表达及其临床价值.方法:应用免疫组化技术法检测47例睾丸肿瘤P53、C-myc蛋白阳性表达水平.结果:发现P53、C-myc蛋白表达阳性率分别为44.7%(21/47)和51.1%(24/47),其阳性率与肿瘤临床分期呈显著正相关(P<0.05),P53蛋白阳性表达与C-myc蛋白阳性表达呈高度正相关(P<0.05).结论:联合检测P53、C-myc蛋白有助于判断睾丸肿瘤的恶性程度及患者的预后. 相似文献
15.
Supatcharee Arun Jaturon Burawat Supataechasit Yannasithinon Wannisa Sukhorum Akgpol Limpongsa Sitthichai Iamsaard 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2018,19(12):948-959
Stress affects the male reproductive system and can cause sub-fertility or infertility. Although Phyllanthus emblica L. (PE) extract has been shown to have high antioxidant capacity and protective properties in damaged tissue, the preventive effects of PE extract on testicular function from stress-related impairment have never been demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the effects of PE aqueous leaf extract on testicular impairment and protein marker changes in rats suffering from chronic stress. Adult male rats were divided into four groups: a control group, a chronic stress (CS) group, and two groups with CS that received different doses of PE extract (50 or 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)). In the treatment groups, the animals were given PE extract daily before stress induction for 42 consecutive days. Stress was induced through immobilization (4 h/d) followed by forced cold swimming (15 min/d). Sperm quality and the histology of the testes and caudal epididymis were examined, as were levels of serum corticosterone, testosterone, and malondialdehyde (MDA). The expressions of testicular steroidogenic acute regulatory (StAR) and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins were investigated using immuno-Western blot analysis, as these proteins are assumed to play important roles in spermatogenesis and androgen synthesis. The results showed that PE (50 mg/kg BW) significantly increased sperm concentration and testosterone levels, while decreasing corticosterone levels, MDA levels, sperm head abnormalities, and acrosome-reacted sperm in CS rats. In addition, PE at both doses was found to diminish testicular histopathology in the CS rats. We also found that 50 mg/kg BW of PE significantly improved StAR protein expression and altered the intensities of some tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins in testis. We conclude that PE leaf extract at 50 mg/kg BW can prevent testicular damage in rats with CS. 相似文献
16.
目的:探讨蜂花粉对蛋鸡消化器官组织结构的影响。方法:取50日龄健康罗曼褐壳蛋鸡200羽,随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在基础日粮中添加1.5%蜂花粉,于90、150、210、380日龄每组随机取鸡6羽,称重,颈静脉放血致死,解剖取肠管,测量长度,取肝、胰腺称重并取材,Bouin液固定24h,制作石蜡切片,HE染色,光镜观察,显微测量并摄影。结果:试验组蛋鸡肠管长度90日龄时较对照组短,150日龄时与对照组相近,210日龄以后长于对照组;肠绒毛、肠腺显著或极显著长于对照组;肝、胰腺的质量和器官指数与对照组差异不显著;肝组织发育良好,胰岛的数量增多,体积增大。结论:日粮中添加1.5%蜂花粉能够改善蛋鸡消化的组织结构,增强机体的消化吸收功能。 相似文献
17.
陈洁 《武汉职业技术学院学报》2010,9(3):93-95
研究当归多糖（ASP）对实验性糖尿病大鼠糖代谢的影响,探讨ASP对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降糖机制。制备实验性糖尿病大鼠40只,随机分成4组,分别用生理盐水、低剂量ASP（20mg.kg-1）、高剂量ASP（100mg.kg-1）以及盐酸二甲双胍（150mg.kg-1）灌胃给药,每日1次,连续21天。同时采用正常大鼠为健康对照,观察ASP对实验性糖尿病大鼠空腹血糖、血浆胰岛素、胰岛素敏感性指数、肝糖原等指标的影响。发现ASP能明显的降低糖尿病大鼠的血糖,其机制可能与其促进胰岛B细胞修复和再生有关,提示ASP有作为口服降糖药辅助用药的可能性。 相似文献
18.
Sitthichai IAMSAARD Jaturon BURAWAT Pipatpong KANLA Supatcharee ARUN Wannisa SUKHORUM Bungorn SRIPANIDKULCHAI Nongnut UABUNDIT Jintanaporn WATTATHORN Wiphawi HIPKAEO Duriya FONGMOON Hisatake KONDO 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2014,15(6):548-555
Background
Ketoconazole (KET), an antifungal drug, has adverse effects on the male reproductive system. Pre-treatments with antioxidant plant against testicular damage induced by KET are required. The flowers of Clitoria ternatea (CT) are proven to have hepatoprotective potential. However, the protective effect on KET-induced testicular damage has not been reported.Objective
To investigate the protective effect of CT flower extracts with antioxidant activity on male reproductive parameters including sperm concentration, serum testosterone level, histopathology of the testis, and testicular tyrosine phosphorylation levels in rats induced with KET.Methods
The antioxidant activity of CT flower extracts was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Male rats were treated with CT flower extracts (10, 50, or 100 mg/kg BW) or distilled water via a gastric tube for 28 d (preventive period: Days 1–21) and induced by KET (100 mg/kg BW) via intraperitoneal injection for 7 d (induction period: Days 22–28). After the experiment, all animals were examined for the weights of the testis, epididymis plus vas deferens and seminal vesicle, serum testosterone levels, sperm concentration, histological structures and diameter of testis, and testicular tyrosine phosphorylation levels by immunoblotting.Results
The CT flower extracts had capabilities for DPPH scavenging and high reducing power. At 100 mg/kg BW, the extract had no toxic effects on the male reproductive system. Significantly, in CT+KET groups, CT flower extracts (50 and 100 mg/kg BW) alleviated the reduction of reproductive organ weight parameters, testosterone levels, and sperm concentration. In addition, CT flower extracts gave protection from testicular damage in KET-induced rats. Moreover, in the CT100+KET group, CT flower extracts significantly enhanced the expression of a testicular 50-kDa tyrosine phosphorylated protein compared with that of other groups.Conclusions
C. ternatea flower extracts possessing antioxidant activity are not harmful to the male reproductive system and can protect against testicular damage in KET-induced rats. 相似文献19.
Siti Balkis Budin Seri Masran Siti Nor Ain Baharuddin Omar Izatus Shima Taib Othman Hidayatulfathi 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(10):783-790
Litsea elliptica Blume has been traditionally used to treat headache, fever, and stomach ulcer, and has also been used as an insect repellent. The acute and subacute toxicities of L. elliptica essential oil were evaluated orally by gavage in female Sprague-Dawley rats. For the acute toxicity study, L. elliptica essential oil was administered in doses from 500 to 4 000 mg/kg (single dose), and in the subacute toxicity test, the following doses were used: 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, for 28 consecutive days. In the acute toxicity study, L. elliptica essential oil caused dose-dependent adverse behaviours and mortality. The median lethal dose value was 3 488.86 mg/kg and the acute non-observed-adversed-effect level value was found to be 500 mg/kg. The subacute toxicity study of L. elliptica essential oil did not reveal alterations in body weight, and food and water consumptions. The haematological and biochemical analyses did not show significant differences between control and treated groups in most of the parameters examined, except for the hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, serum albumin, and serum sodium. However, these differences were still within the normal range. No abnormalities or histopathological changes were observed in the liver, pancreatic islet of Langerhans, and renal glomerulous and tubular cells of all treated groups. In conclusion, L. elliptica essential oil can be classified in the U group, which is defined as a group unlikely to present an acute hazard according to World Health Organization (WHO) classification. 相似文献