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通过对体院60名学生不同短段落跑后的血乳酸值和100m跑后的血乳酸值的测定与分析,发现糖酵解供能能力在100m跑中占有重要地位,不同短段落跑后的血乳酸值在随着跑距的延长逐渐升高的过程中,存在着一个急剧升高的阶段。在本实验中,该阶段大约出现在45m～60m之间,这一现象对短跑运动员的训练和选材有着特殊的意义,血乳酸急剧升高之前的段落,主要由磷酸原系统提供能量。在短距离跑项目的选材中,可用该段落跑的成绩和血乳酸值共同评价运动员的速度力量水平,成绩好且血乳酸值低的运动员应作为重点对象加以考察。血乳酸急剧升高之后的段落,主要由磷酸原系统提供能量。在短距离跑项目的选材中,可用该段落跑的成绩和血乳酸值共同评价运动员的速度力量水平,成绩好且血乳酸值低的运动员应作为重点对象加以考察。血乳酸急剧升高之后的段落,主要由糖酵解系统供能。该段落的成绩好且血乳酸值高,说明其糖酵解系统供能能力强,发展速度耐力有潜力。 相似文献
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不同段落的短距离重复跑对无氧代谢供能能力影响的实验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马勇占 《西安体育学院学报》1997,(4)
对体院１５名男生不同短段落重复跑后的血乳酸含量变化进行比较研究，结果发现血乳酸值在随着跑距的延长而逐渐升高的过程中，存在着一个急剧升高的阶段。在本实验中，该段发生在大约４５ｍ～６０ｍ段落之间。４５ｍ和３０ｍ重复跑后的血乳酸值没有显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５），６０ｍ和８０ｍ重复跑后的血乳酸值亦无显著差异，但后者的血乳酸值与前者相比，差异非常显著（Ｐ〈０．０１）。选择血乳酸急剧升高之前的段落进行大强度的重复跑，主要发展磷酸原系统的供能能力，对速度素质的发展更为有效；选择血乳酸值急剧升高之后的段落进行重复跑，主要发展糖酵解系统的供能能力。经过６周的教学对比实验，证明根据不同段落重复跑后的血乳酸变化特征，选择发展速度素质的适宜跑距方法是可行的 相似文献
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不同训练手段对机体无氧代谢能力的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用实验法，测试了不同训练手段下的血乳酸值。结果发现．45—60m段落跑后血乳酸急剧升高，形成血乳酸激增的“转折”阶段；30-45m段落是发展磷酸原系统供能能力的最适跑距；60-80m主要发展速度耐力。实验组经过10周不同段落的训练后．其非乳酸能和乳酸能供能能力、100m跑成绩、PAP、AAP发生了不同的反应，并于训练前和对照组相比均有显著提高。同时表明，10s超极量强度无氧训练法并不能明显提高磷酸原系统的供能能力。 相似文献
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文章主要对高校优秀短跑运动员进行不同距离的速度练习后的血乳酸进行研究,经测试结果发现,30m-40m重复跑每次跑后的血乳酸无显著性差异,45m-60m距离跑后血乳酸急剧升高,形成血乳酸激增的转折阶段,60m与80m重复跑每次跑后的血乳酸值亦无显著差异,但60m和80m跑段的血乳酸值与30m-45m相比,差异非常显著。在此30m-45m距离是发展磷酸原系统供能能力的最适跑距,之后的60-80m主要发展速度耐力。 相似文献
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为研究100m、400m、800m和1 500m4种不同距离全速跑后血乳酸的变化,选取9名志愿者参与实验。结果表明,4种距离全速跑后血乳酸值受主要能量供应系统、运动负荷强度以及运动持续时间的影响;不同距离负荷后的血乳酸值比运动前有明显增加,在不同距离项目之间血乳酸值呈现一定差别,表现在血乳酸含量随运动强度和运动持续时间的增加而增加。根据这种特点可以利用血乳酸评定运动负荷强度以及科学指导训练提供重要的参考依据。 相似文献
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目的:为进一步研究100m、400m和1500m三种不同全速跑后血乳酸和心率的变化,选取同一年级同一班共六名志愿者参与本实验。方法:分别记录六名受试者全速跑完100m、400m、1 500m运动前和运动后3min的血乳酸值和心率值。结果:两名受试者进行100m无氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值均有所升高,但升高幅度较小,血乳酸值最高达7.6mmol/L,心率值最高达154b/min;四名受试者进行400m和1500m有氧运动后,血乳酸值和心率值升高幅度较大,血乳酸值最高达16.2mmol/L,心率值最高达192b/min。结论:人体内的血乳酸含量和心率大小随运动项目的负荷强度和运动持续时间的增加而增加,有氧运动前后血乳酸升高幅度明显高于无氧运动,而无氧运动前后心率升高幅度明显高于有氧运动。因此,可根据血乳酸值和心率值来评定人体运动的负荷强度。 相似文献
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运动训练中,选择适宜的运动强度提高训练效果和运动成绩,是当前训练负荷发展的总趋势。为分析乳酸与短跑能力的关系和乳酸与短跑运动代谢特点及乳酸在选材中的应用,运用文献资料法分析短跑运动中的乳酸变化,结果发现短跑运动后的血乳酸浓度与运动强度、运动量、训练水平、糖原含量以及缺氧等因素有着密切的关系。高水平运动员的最大血乳酸值高。利用血乳酸指标能够反应不同运动方式及不同运动强度下能量供应情况和机体耐受情况,反映运动训练的水平,可广泛应用于短跑运动训练的监控和选材中。可考虑将45-60米段落跑的成绩和血乳酸值共同评价运动员的速度水平,成绩好且血乳酸值低的运动员应作为重点对象加以考察;将80米的成绩与其血乳酸值结合起来,共同评价运动员的速度耐力水平。 相似文献
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选择广东省游泳队游泳运动员为研究对象,对不同距离自由泳赛后血乳酸水平作了比较,研究了赛后血乳酸与成绩的关系以及纵向观察伴随成绩提高血乳酸水平的变化。结果表明：自由泳中,100m和200m赛后血乳酸最高,血乳酸水平与成绩不存在显著相关。纵向观测随运动成绩的提高,乳酸水平显著提高。 相似文献
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选择广东省游泳队游泳运动员为研究对象,对不同距离自由泳赛后血乳酸水平作了比较,研究了赛后血乳酸与成绩的关系,以及纵向观察伴随成绩提高血乳酸水平的变化。结果表明:自由泳中,100m和200m赛后血乳酸最高,血乳酸水平与成绩不存在显著相关。半年多的纵向观测显示,随运动成绩的提高,乳酸水平显著提高。 相似文献
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对田径、赛艇运动员下肢等负荷多组力量训练强度的研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
对43名2级以上运动员进行了50％／Fmax负重，20次／组，组间歇1min，共5组力量耐力测试。采集并测定安静和每组运动员练习后即刻的心率和血乳酸，测定了每一位受试对象每一次深蹲的蹲起速度。所有测试对象对该练习强度均产生较大的生理反应，血乳酸和心率在第2组练习后出现快速上升，蹲起速度则均表现出不同程度的下降趋势。不同专项运动员对等负荷多组力量耐力训练具有不同的反应，田径跳跃运动员对测试的强度表现出高的生理反应，心率和乳酸水平均达到或接近最大负荷极限，赛艇运动员介于中长跑和跳跃运动员之间，中长跑运动员的反应较低，心率一直保持在140次／min以下，血乳酸值在7mmol／L以下，并显示出典型的血乳酸“平衡状态”。 相似文献
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本文对现代五项运动员在100m、200m、300m游泳后进行血乳酸测试36人次，对乳酸阈值、乳酸阈强度、极限乳酸值和斜率4项指标作对比分析得出：乳酸阈值不随距离的变化而改变（P＞0．05），乳酸阈强度、乳酸水平与距离长短成正比，阈值后曲线斜率与距离的长短成反比。 相似文献
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To investigate the benefits of ‘living high and training low' on anaerobic performance at sea level, eight 400-m runners lived for 10 days in normobaric hypoxia in an altitude house (oxygen content = 15.8%) and trained outdoors in ambient normoxia at sea level. A maximal anaerobic running test and 400-m race were performed before and within 1 week of living in the altitude house to determine the maximum speed and the speeds at different submaximal blood lactate concentrations (3, 5, 7, 10 and 13 mmol· l-1) and 400-m race time. At the same time, ten 400-m runners lived and trained at sea level and were subjected to identical test procedures. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that the altitude house group but not the sea-level group improved their 400-m race time during the experimental period (P ? 0.05). The speeds at blood lactate concentrations of 5–13 mmol· l-1 tended to increase in the altitude house group but the response was significant only at 5 and 7 mmol·l-1 (P ? 0.05). Furthermore, resting blood pH was increased in six of the eight altitude house athletes from 0.003 to 0.067 pH unit (P ? 0.05). The results of this study demonstrate improved 400-m performance after 10 days of living in normobaric hypoxia and training at sea level. Furthermore, the present study provides evidence that changes in the acid–base balance and lactate metabolism might be responsible for the improvement in sprint performance. 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to quantify the contributions of the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems to 1500- and 3000-m track running events during all-out time-trials performed individually on a synthetic athletic track. Ten 3000-m (8 males, 2 females) and fourteen 1500-m (10 males, 4 females) trained track athletes volunteered to participate in the study. The athletes performed a graded exercise test in the laboratory and two time-trials over 1500 or 3000?m. The contributions of the energy systems were calculated by measures of race oxygen uptake, accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD), race blood lactate concentration, estimated phosphocreatine degradation and some individual muscle metabolite data. The relative aerobic energy system contribution (based on AOD measures) for the 3000?m was 86% (male) and 94% (female), while for the 1500?m it was 77% (male) and 86% (female). Estimates of anaerobic energy expenditure based on blood lactate concentrations, while not significantly different (P?>?0.05), were generally lower compared with the AOD measures. In conclusion, the results of the present study conform with some recent laboratory-based measures of energy system contributions to these events. 相似文献
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As a wide range of values has been reported for the relative energetics of 400-m and 800-m track running events, this study aimed to quantify the respective aerobic and anaerobic energy contributions to these events during track running. Sixteen trained 400-m (11 males, 5 females) and 11 trained 800-m (9 males, 2 females) athletes participated in this study. The participants performed (on separate days) a laboratory graded exercsie test and multiple race time-trials. The relative energy system contribution was calculated by multiple methods based upon measures of race [Vdot]O2, accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD), blood lactate and estimated phosphocreatine degradation (lactate/PCr). The aerobic/anaerobic energy system contribution (AOD method) to the 400-m event was calculated as 41/59% (male) and 45/55% (female). For the 800-m event, an increased aerobic involvement was noted with a 60/40% (male) and 70/30% (female) respective contribution. Significant (P <?0.05) negative correlations were noted between race performance and anaerobic energy system involvement (lactate/PCr) for the male 800-m and female 400-m events (r = ? 0.77 and ??0.87 respectively). These track running data compare well with previous estimates of the relative energy system contributions to the 400-m and 800-m events. Additionally, the relative importance and speed of interaction of the respective metabolic pathways has implications to training for these events. 相似文献
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This study examined the influence of the regression model and initial intensity of an incremental test on the relationship between the lactate threshold estimated by the maximal-deviation method and the endurance performance. Sixteen non-competitive, recreational female runners performed a discontinuous incremental treadmill test. The initial speed was set at 7 km · h?1, and increased every 3 min by 1 km · h?1 with a 30-s rest between the stages used for earlobe capillary blood sample collection. Lactate-speed data were fitted by an exponential-plus-constant and a third-order polynomial equation. The lactate threshold was determined for both regression equations, using all the coordinates, excluding the first and excluding the first and second initial points. Mean speed of a 10-km road race was the performance index (3.04 ± 0.22 m · s?1). The exponentially-derived lactate threshold had a higher correlation (0.98 ≤ r ≤ 0.99) and smaller standard error of estimate (SEE) (0.04 ≤ SEE ≤ 0.05 m · s?1) with performance than the polynomially-derived equivalent (0.83 ≤ r ≤ 0.89; 0.10 ≤ SEE ≤ 0.13 m · s?1). The exponential lactate threshold was greater than the polynomial equivalent (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the exponential lactate threshold is a valid performance index that is independent of the initial intensity of the incremental test and better than the polynomial equivalent. 相似文献