共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 718 毫秒
1.
《西安体育学院学报》2014,(2):242-249
分析自我效能在个体体育锻炼行为改变过程中的作用,以探索体育锻炼情境下跨理论模型的内在结构。以在校大学生为研究对象,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法进行研究。结果表明,除锻炼代价以外,行为变化阶段与模型各结构之间存在显著相关,锻炼收益、自我效能与变化阶段的相关系数达到显著性水平(P<0.05),认知过程、行为过程均与变化阶段之间存在显著正相关。结论:(1)自我效能在锻炼收益对变化阶段的作用中起着完全中介作用,锻炼收益对变化阶段(R2=0.014)和自我效能(R2=0.017)的预测效应较弱;(2)自我效能在认知过程对变化阶段的作用中起着部分中介作用,在行为过程对变化阶段的作用中亦起着部分中介作用。 相似文献
2.
《体育与科学》2019,(4):114-120
提升大学生身体活动和有氧体适能水平,促进大学生身心健康,是建设健康中国的必然要求。以甘肃省6所高校的1188名大学生为调查对象,采取问卷调查的方法进行朋友支持身体活动量表、自我效能感量表、身体活动问卷和有氧体适能的测试,运用相关分析、逐步回归分析和结构方程模型对朋友支持、自我效能感、身体活动和有氧体适能之间的关系进行探讨。研究发现:1)朋友支持正向预测大学生身体活动和自我效能感;2)自我效能感在朋友支持与身体活动之间起中介作用;3)朋友支持通过两条路径即朋友支持→身体活动→有氧体适能和朋友支持→自我效能感→有氧体适能来提升大学生的有氧体适能。建议:1)学校可组建各种体育社团,组织以朋友为基础的各类比赛,鼓励朋友相互激励参与体育锻炼,充分发挥朋友支持系统提升自我效能感和身体活动来促进有氧体适能;2)改善大学校园体育锻炼环境,使大学生熟练掌握多项运动技能,锻炼环境的可达性、运动技能的可选择性可有效增强大学生参与体育锻炼的自我效能感,进而促进身体活动和有氧体适能。 相似文献
3.
青少年锻炼行为阶段变化与变化过程的关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
方敏 《西安体育学院学报》2011,28(3):349-355
以跨理论模型为理论基础,探究锻炼阶段变化和变化过程的特点和关系,为青少年锻炼促进干预提供手段和思路。按人口统计学抽样要求,采用锻炼阶段变化和锻炼变化过程量表对899名中学生进行测查。多元方差分析、判别分析和logistic回归等统计分析结果表明:青少年锻炼水平有着明显的阶段特点,多数学生锻炼不足;变化过程因素存在显著的锻炼阶段特征;相邻锻炼阶段转变过程中,不同的变化过程因素预测不同锻炼阶段的转变。研究建议应根据青少年锻炼阶段采用针对性的干预策略。 相似文献
4.
大学生锻炼行为阶段变化模式研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
以跨理论模型为理论背景,分析锻炼阶段变化与变化过程关系,为干预策略的发展提供手段和思路.按分层抽样和人口统计学要求,采用锻炼阶段变化和锻炼变化过程量表对1149名大学生进行测查.调查数据以描述性统计、多元方差、多元逐步回归等数理统计方法进行分析.结果表明,大学生锻炼阶段分布是前意识和意识阶段31.0%,准备阶段52.9%,行动阶段和维持阶段16.1%.变化过程因素存在显著的锻炼阶段特征,相邻锻炼阶段转变过程中.变化过程因素的预测作用有着显著差异.建议根据锻炼阶段采用针对性的干预. 相似文献
5.
运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法、专家访谈法、数理统计法等方法研究初中生主观锻炼体验、身体自我效能感和体育参与之间的潜在关系，以期为中学体育课程改革和体教融合政策的落实提供实践依据。研究结果显示，初中生的主观锻炼体验水平、身体自我效能感和体育参与程度三个变量间有显著的相关性，三者构建的结构方程模型适配度很高且各路径系数显著，在“主观锻炼体验→身体自我效能感→体育参与”形成的中介路径中，间接效应Bootstrap95%置信区间为[0.038,0.133]；直接效应置信区间是[0.208,0.628]，两种效应都不包括0，表明初中生身体自我效能感存在部分中介作用。建议在体育教学中，创新体育教学形式，设计趣味性与集体合作类的教学内容，及时对学生的进步予以奖励，促进学生形成舒适的运动情绪体验，进而提高身体自我效能水平，促进初中生形成健康的生活方式。 相似文献
6.
通过对武汉地区部分高校新生进行<阶段变化问卷>的测量,以检验跨理论模型各分问卷在研究大学新生锻炼行为上的适用性,并调查分析大学新生锻炼行为现状.结果显示:阶段变化问卷的内部一致性信度、结构效度都达到了较理想的水平,在研究大学新生锻炼行为上是适合的.大学新生在各锻炼行为阶段上的人数分布存在非常显著的差异,并存在性别差异,但不存在专业和区域差异;大学新生在均衡决策、自我效能和改变过程等因素上的变化情况与以往研究结果一致. 相似文献
7.
考查大学生体育课对休闲时间身体活动行为的贡献,构建适合大学生的跨情境预测模型,为干预大学生的身体活动行为提供理论依据。假设大学生体育课上的三重相关效能(推论自我效能、他人效能、自我效能)可以影响大学生对体育课的自主性动机和积极的情绪体验,并进而影响其休闲时间身体活动的自主性动机和行为。研究采用心理测量法,选取482名大学生参与研究,研究材料为《三重相关效能量表》、《因果关系感知量表》、《锻炼诱导情绪量表》、《锻炼动机量表》和《体育活动等级量表-3》,通过结构公式模型检验各变量之间的关系。研究结果显示:假设模型的拟合优度良好,对身体活动行为的解释力为18%;体育课的自主动机和情绪体验可显著预测休闲时间的身体活动自主动机,两者共解释其34%的总变异;自我效能可显著正向预测休闲时间的身体活动行为。结论:假设模型是适合大学生身体活动行为的预测干预模型;自我效能和他人效能通过动机和情绪的跨情境迁移作用,积极影响大学生对身体活动行为的参与。研究为干预大学生身体活动行为的增加提供了理论依据,建议干预时重点提高体育课上大学生的自我效能,并促使其产生积极的情绪体验,后续研究应加入纵向干预研究验证假设。 相似文献
8.
考察影响锻炼行为改变的调节变量--一项促进大学生身体活动的干预研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
目的：从两方面考察一项大学生身体活动促进研究的干预效果：1）干预是否改变了假想的调节变量；2）调节变量的改变是否与行为变化有关。方法：准实验设计。大学一年级学生被随机分为旨在促进身体活动的干预组和控制组。在学期初及干预后第8周，测量所有学生的身体活动结果和5个相关调节变量。结果：干预在女生的2个调节变量（自我效能创造时间锻炼方面，自我效能坚持不懈方面）上有显著性影响；而在男生的调节变量上无显著性影响。女生的3个调节变量变化得分（来自朋友的社会支持，来自家人的社会支持以及自我效能消极情感方面）是解释身体活动变化的回归分析中的显著性贡献因子，男生的身体活动变化中的2个显著性贡献因子分别是来自朋友的社会支持变化得分，自我效能坚持不懈方面的变化得分。结论：干预引起的女生的调节变量的显著改变与身体活动变化之间并没有显著性关联。干预研究的有效性没有得到验证。今后要在变量选择的多样性、测量过程的准确性、干预内容及相关理论方面进行改进。 相似文献
9.
以阶段变化理论模型（TTM）为基础,采用类试验研究法对随机抽取的4~6年级34名肥胖小学生为试验对象,对其自我效能、自尊水平及BMI
值运用变化阶段量表、自我效能量表、自尊量表进行基线调查与评估（T0）并依据此结果实施基于体育锻炼的TTM模型干预,并在指导干预后的第1
个月（T1）、第3个月（T3）及第6个月（T6）测量试验对象的自我效能、自尊及BMI值。结果：肥胖小学生从T0～T6时间点的自我效能及自尊在不断增加;
自我效能除T1与T0相比不具统计学意义,其余时间点的差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.001）;自尊水平仅在T6与T0、T6与T1相比显示有统计学意义（P<
0.05）;试验对象随着锻炼行为不同阶段的向前推进,其自我效能及自尊水平逐渐提升,且不同阶段多重比较具有显著性差异;不同时间点和不同阶
段的BMI值有一定幅度的下降,但不具统计学意义。结论：基于体育锻炼的TTM较长时间干预能够有效提高肥胖儿童的自我效能及自尊水平,强化
其锻炼动机,使其控制体重和心理健康朝向良心循环发展。 相似文献
10.
基于锻炼心理学领域中的“从无活动到保持活动的四步骤模型”(Four Steps from Inactivity to Ac-tivity; FIT模型),以1 206名成年人为研究对象,通过横断性研究考查了6个身体活动变化阶段与10个社会心理学相关变量之间的关系.研究结果表明,被试在身体活动阶段上的分布为:前考虑期147(12.2％),考虑期273(22.6％),准备期148(12.3％),探索期144(11.9％),波动期201(16.7％)和保持期293(24.3％).有关社会心理学相关变量在相邻阶段间的配对比较,37项假设关系中的22项得到了支持,假设符合率为59.5％.进一步回归分析表明,性别、受教育程度、主观障碍、自我效能、情感态度和社会支持共同解释了阶段方差变异的32.6％.该研究初步验证了FIT模型所涉及的重要社会心理学相关因素与身体活动变化阶段之间的相关关系,基本支持了FIT模型的理论建构. 相似文献
11.
The majority of physical activity initiatives have been directed toward promoting cardiorespiratory fitness and general health. Far less attention has been devoted to encouraging or understanding muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, a contemporary behavior change framework, could be adapted and applied to the study of muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Participants were 429 college students who completed measures of stage of change, the behavioral and cognitive processes of change, and self-efficacy. All measures were modified to relate specifically to muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Two direct discriminant function analyses were performed, revealing that the behavioral processes of change and self-efficacy were the major correlates of the stages of change for muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. 相似文献
12.
Mark D. Grabiner 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):186-187
Abstract The majority of physical activity initiatives have been directed toward promoting cardiorespiratory fitness and general health. Far less attention has been devoted to encouraging or understanding muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. The purpose of this study was to determine if constructs from the Transtheoretical Model, a contemporary behavior change framework, could be adapted and applied to the study of muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Participants were 429 college students who completed measures of stage of change, the behavioral and cognitive processes of change, and self-efficacy. All measures were modified to relate specifically to muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. Two direct discriminant function analyses were performed, revealing that the behavioral processes of change and self-efficacy were the major correlates of the stages of change for muscular fitness-promoting behaviors. 相似文献
13.
The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) has been widely used as a framework for understanding exercise behavior change. The purpose of this study was to clarify equivocal research findings reported for model predictions when examining stage movement over time rather than static stages and to provide some evidence of the construct validity of transitional stages. Participants were female (n = 285) and male (n = 243) undergraduates (M age = 19.9 years, SD = 2.7) who completed previously validated questionnaires twice, separated by 9 weeks, that assessed stage of change, exercise behavior, processes of change, pros and cons of exercise, and exercise self-efficacy. Participants were classified into one of five transitional shift groups based on their responses at baseline and follow up: (a) stable sedentary, (b) stable active, (c) activity adopters, (d) activity relapsers, and (e) perpetual preparers. Results of a 5 (group) x 2 (time) repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) examining exercise behavior revealed a significant interaction (p < .001) and supported transitional stage classification, with activity adopters and stable actives increasing exercise over time and relapsers decreasing activity. Separate 5 (group) x 2 (time) RM ANOVAs examining model constructs revealed no significant interaction for cognitive processes of change; however, activity adopters and stable actives reported significant (p < .01) increases in the use of behavioral processes over time, while only the activity relapsers and perpetual preparers reported decreases. Activity relapsers also reported significant (p < .05) decreases in the pros of exercise. No significant interactions were found for the cons of exercise behavior. Unlike findings reported in cross-sectional studies, increases in self-efficacy did not accompany increases in exercise stage. The findings strongly support examination of stage movement classifications rather than static stages, as these transitions provide greater insight into the mechanisms of exercise behavior change. 相似文献
14.
Although the benefits of exercise are well documented, an international problem of physical inactivity exists. More research, especially theory based, has been recommended. One promising approach for studying exercise behavior is that proposed in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change. This model, however, has received minimal cross-cultural attention and, relative to the current study, measurement instruments have only recently been translated into the Finnish language. The purpose of this study was to assess American and Finnish college students' exercise behaviors on the basis of TTM. Participants were American (n = 169) and Finnish (n = 168) college students who completed language-specific measures of exercise behavior, stage of change, processes of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptation. The only cultural difference observed was that the American participants rated themselves higher on barrier self-efficacy relative to the Finnish participants. Regardless of nationality orgender, participants classified by their stage of change differed on all the core constructs assessed. These results generally support the utility of TTM for understanding American and Finnish college students' exercise behavior. 相似文献
15.
基于锻炼心理学领域中的"从无活动到保持活动的4步骤模型"(Four Steps from In-activity to Activity;FIT模型),以3 807名大学生为研究对象,探讨了大学生身体活动阶段变化与健康状况变量(身体体质、主观良好感、健康满意度和不适感)之间的关系。研究结果表明,处于活动阶段的个体,其健康状况水平均好于处于不活动阶段的个体;在3个活动阶段上,处于保持期(即长期保持规律性身体活动)的个体,其健康状况水平均好于处于探索期和波动期的个体;人口统计学变量和健康状况变量共同解释了17.6%的阶段方差变异(F=108.48,P<0.05)。验证了FIT模型中大学生身体活动阶段变化与健康状况之间的相关关系,为今后运用FIT模型诊断大学生身体活动变化阶段及其相应健康状况提供了实证依据。 相似文献
16.
Abstract Although the benefits of exercise are well documented, an international problem of physical inactivity exists. More research, especially theory based, has been recommended. One promising approach for studying exercise behavior is that proposed in the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) of behavior change. This model, however, has received minimal cross-cultural attention and, relative to the current study, measurement instruments have only recently been translated into the Finnish language. The purpose of this study was to assess American and Finnish college students' exercise behaviors on the basis of TTM. Participants were American (n = 169) and Finnish (n = 168) college students who completed language-specific measures of exercise behavior, stage of change, processes of change, decisional balance, self-efficacy, and temptation. The only cultural difference observed was that the American participants rated themselves higher on barrier self-efficacy relative to the Finnish participants. Regardless of nationality or gender, participants classified by their stage of change differed on all the core constructs assessed. These results generally support the utility of TTM for understanding American and Finnish college students' exercise behavior. 相似文献
17.
18.
包呼和 《沈阳体育学院学报》2012,31(2):71-74,100
主要采用修订的"蒙汉"双语文字的《蒙古族大学生体育锻炼行为改变量表》进行问卷调查的方法,运用跨理论模型对蒙古族大学生体育锻炼行为改变进行了研究,对内蒙古自治区1 000名蒙古族大学生的体育锻炼行为改变进行了实测和统计分析。结果表明,蒙古族大学生锻炼行为有阶段性的特点,基本呈"橄榄球"型的分布特点。在体育锻炼行为上,自我释放和自我管理与5个变化阶段高度相关,意识控制因素与后3个变化阶段高度相关,并在准备阶段出现了影响因素重叠的情况。 相似文献
19.
Factors associated with transitional shifts in college students' physical activity behavior 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The Transtheoretical Model (Prochaska & Marcus, 1994) has been widely used as a framework for understanding exercise behavior change. The purpose of this study was to clarify equivocal research findings reported for model predictions when examining stage movement over time rather than static stages and to provide some evidence of the construct validity of transitional stages. Participants were female (n = 285) and male (n = 243) undergraduates (M age = 19.9 years, SD = 2.7) who completed previously validated questionnaires twice, separated by 9 weeks, that assessed stage of change, exercise behavior, processes of change, pros and cons of exercise, and exercise self-efficacy. Participants were classified into one of five transitional shift groups based on their responses at baseline and follow up: (a) stable sedentary, (b) stable active, (c) activity adopters, (d) activity relapsers, and (e) perpetual preparers. Results of a 5 (group) x 2 (time) repeated measures (RM) analysis of variance (ANOVA) examining exercise behavior revealed a significant interaction (p < .001) and supported transitional stage classification, with activity adopters and stable actives increasing exercise over time and relapsers decreasing activity. Separate 5 (group) x 2 (time) RM ANOVAs examining model constructs revealed no significant interaction for cognitive processes of change; however, activity adopters and stable actives reported significant (p < .01) increases in the use of behavioral processes over time, while only the activity relapsers and perpetual preparers reported decreases. Activity relapsers also reported significant (p < .05) decreases in the pros of exercise. No significant interactions were found for the cons of exercise behavior. Unlike findings reported in cross-sectional studies, increases in self-efficacy did not accompany increases in exercise stage. The findings strongly support examination of stage movement classifications rather than static stages, as these transitions provide greater insight into the mechanisms of exercise behavior change. 相似文献