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本文从产业创新链和政策工具两个维度构建了新兴产业政策研究的理论框架,选取五个典型的发达国家和"金砖国家",以新能源汽车产业为例运用内容分析法对比研究了相关政策。研究发现:从产业创新链的角度,政策的制定与出台必须结合产业的发展规律;从政策工具的角度,政策的侧重与完善必须瞄准产业发展的瓶颈;十个国家的政策样本表明,政策的完善程度与产业的发展实际基本一致。进一步,针对中国新能源汽车产业政策体系存在的问题,从加大供给端政策的出台力度、环境支撑端特别重视充/换电等基础设施的建设、需求端采取"短期以公共交通为主,长期发展私人交通"的策略三个方面提出相应的政策建议。 相似文献
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中美新能源汽车发展战略比较研究——基于目标导向差异的研究视角 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
在发展和推广新能源汽车方面,以产业经济发展和以社会民生发展为目标的中美发展目标导向上的差异,决定了两国选择不同的产业发展路径。前者着眼于通过做大做强新能源汽车产业提升GDP总量,后者更注重通过发展新能源汽车减少排放优化空气质量。本文选取两国在发展新能源汽车方面具有一定实践基础,并在本国具有一定代表性的特定对象,以分析两国发展目标导向差异为切入点,剖析两国发展目标导向形成动因、目标对象、目标手段、目标主体、目标逻辑等方面的差异;从产业主体视角比较分析由于发展目标导向差异所形成的不同产业活动特点;并从市场的角度剖析发展目标导向对产业发展模式的影响;从重塑发展价值取向,激活市场基础配置功能等方面探索提出未来我国新能源汽车产业发展的对策建议。 相似文献
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新能源汽车产业作为战略性新兴产业,对解决环境和能源困境至关重要,但产业震荡可能会阻碍其健康发展。本文从产业链上下游的角度研究产业震荡的原因和形成机制,并基于系统动力学建模方法,构建了“锂离子电池-新能源汽车”全产业链模型,通过情景模拟分析了产业震荡的形成机制和各政策因素对产业震荡的减弱效果。结果表明：①新能源汽车产业将发生3次产业震荡,分别在2022年、2026—2029年以及2030—2031年,产业发展中期发生的震荡持续时间最长且最剧烈,在产业发展成熟后,震荡将逐渐减弱;②补贴、技术创新、资本投资规模、市场准入规模等政策因素是造成新能源汽车产业发生产业震荡的重要原因。补贴、技术创新、资本投资规模通过控制新能源汽车的产能和价格间接控制新能源汽车的供给,进而引发产业震荡。市场准入规模对新能源汽车的供给产生直接影响,使其发生产业震荡;③对政策因素进行调整可以缓解产业震荡,但在不同时期内各因素的缓解效果不尽相同。因此,本文认为,缓解产业震荡可以通过调整补贴、技术创新、资本投资规模和市场准入规模等方式进行综合调控。 相似文献
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当前,我国汽车产业迫切需要走清洁化和节能化道路,深入研究新能源汽车产业在发展初期的技术保障与政策支持是摆在我们面前的重大课题。南昌市作为我国重要地方区域及工业城市,应抓住国家新能源汽车示范推广的机遇,探索出一条符合新能源汽车产业发展之路,即政府与企业间、技术与市场间的良性互动的运作机制,实现可持续发展。本文通过分析研究国内外新能源汽车产业及应用的现状,提出了继续优化政策加大扶持力度,出台鼓励新能源汽车消费政策,提倡新能源汽车"公交先行",以项目示范推动产业升级,以产业化促进市场化进程,提升消费需求刺激技术创新等相关建议,以推动南昌市新能源汽车产业发展及应用的良性循环。 相似文献
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《资源科学》2016,(2)
新能源替代化石能源发电,已成为"雾霾治理"的重要手段,并在世界各国节能减排政策制定上达成广泛共识。本文将新能源发电的投入细分为太阳能装机容量、风能装机容量、地热能装机容量和生物燃料产量等四种形式,以新能源发电量作为新能源发电的产出指标,基于2001-2012年全球23个国家的平衡面板数据,对新能源发电的综合效率进行了基于Bootstrap-DEA方法的纠偏测算,并运用面板Tobit模型实证研究了新能源发电综合效率的驱动因素。研究发现:全球新能源发电的综合效率均呈现逐年上升态势;各国碳排放量并未构成新能源发电效率提升的倒逼机制;自然资源租金比重的提高促进了新能源发电效率的提升;城镇化率提升阻碍了新能源发电效率提升;人均收入水平较高的国家新能源发电效率普遍较高。本文提出应当提高新能源装机容量扩张政策与发电量提升政策的协同性,着力提升新能源发电效率,增加储能技术的研发投入,充分发挥地区自然资源禀赋优势,以破解"弃风限电"、"弃光限电"等制约新能源发展的瓶颈。 相似文献
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核产业是国家战略性新兴产业中新能源产业的重要构成部分。应用系统分析和比较分析的方法,介绍了发展核产业的意义和现状,分析了甘肃发展核产业基础,阐明了发展核产业具有广阔的前景,进而分析了甘肃发展核产业的优势,认为甘肃发展核产业主要在三个方面做好工作:建好全国核燃料生产和乏燃料后处理两大基地;建立利益补偿机制和建立公众参与制度。 相似文献
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首先构建新能源产业集群形成影响因素的概念模型,将新能源产业集群形成的影响因素归纳为产业基础、技术创新水平、市场需求、政府政策、制度环境和资金支持;然后,通过322份全国新能源专家调查问卷,运用结构方程模型方法,验证理论假设。实证分析表明,产业基础、制度环境和资金支持对新能源产业集群的形成具有显著的正向影响;技术创新水平对新能源产业集群的形成具有正向影响,但显著性没有通过5%的水平;市场需求和政府政策对新能源产业集群的形成具有正向影响没有通过验证。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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Leah A. Lievrouw 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):83-96
The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests. 相似文献