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1.
在实践中诞生和发展的"体育"总概念不能否定 总被引：9，自引：3，他引：6
至少几十年来,我国体育工作者对“体育”一词内涵的理解是不一致的。主要的分歧在于承认不承认广义的“体育”。作为学术问题,继续争论下去是正常的。考虑到近年来有的体育学术杂志发表支持少数意见的文章较多,而支持多数人意见的文章却较少,故来参加讨论。一 “体育”一词在中国的出现和起源,大家基本上没有争论,都认为是一百年前从日本传入的。问题在于随着体育运动在中国的发展,“体育”一词的内涵有了较大的丰富和变化,主要就是有了广义和狭义之分。“体育”的广义或者说“体育”的总概念是与 相似文献
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与原来中学体育课程对比，新颁布的《体育与健康课程标准（中学）》（以下简称《课标》）在价值体系、目标培养、课程基本理念、学习领域、水平划分、课程评价等等方面都发生了质的变化，为中学体育改革、实现素质教育、切实贯彻“健康第一”教育思想提供了理论与实践依据。然而，关于“体育与健康”理念的说法，笔者认为颇有值得推敲之处，姑且列出，请老师和学者指教。一、构词l．“体育与健康”理念与《课标》性质“体育”、“健康”都是名词，“与”只能是连词。《汉语大词典》中，“与”作连词指：（l）和、及；（２）与其；（３）如果… 相似文献
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教学评价是指在课堂教学中对学生在各个教学过程中所表现出来的种种教学信息的处理,是对学生学习效果所作出的价值判断,是帮助学生调整、控制后续学习的一种行为。体育学习中的评价行为,随着新课程改革的推进,越来越受到更多体育教师的关注。从1978年编写的《全日制十年制学校体育教学大纲(实行草案)》首次规定了考核标准采用四级评分制,到1992年制定的《九年义务教育全日制体育教学大纲》采用结构考核综合评定制,再到2001年以来新课程标准的实施,体育课程紧紧围绕五大领域目标展开,体育教学评价发生了较大的变化。笔者在日常体育教学中对所教学生的“运动参与、心理健康、社会适应”三个方面的学习评价进行了一些尝试。 相似文献
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我国古籍中,没有“体育”这个术语。有人在汉人《潜夫论》里,找得“继体育”三字,好象同“体育”有关。其实“继体育”的词义乃是“皇位继承者的教育”,同今之“体育”毫不相干。 相似文献
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中学体育教学"发展性评价"理念与方法的实践研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本研究以《体育与健康》课程目标学习评价体系对呼和浩特市蒙汉族中学的6个班级进行了两个学期跟踪实验,实验结果表明“发展性评价”的理念与《体育与健康教学大纲》制定的目标相一致,基本达到了预期的教学要求,学生对体育的整体意识有了明显的提高;学生体质健康水平的提高与体育教学内容、教学方法有着较大的相关。为此,本文提出以促进学生身心健康为基础,进一步构建了“发展性评价”的理念与方法。 相似文献
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"体育与健康课程"涵义的诠释 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
2001年由教育部颁发的《全日制义务教育、普通高级中学体育与健康课程标准》(实验稿)中，对《体育与健康课程》的性质作了明确的阐述：“体育与健康课程是一门以身体练习为主要手段、以增进中小学生健康为主要目的的必修课程，是学校课程体系的重要组成部分，是实施素质教育和培养德智体美全面发展人才不可缺少的重要途径。它是对原有的体育课程进行深化改革，突出健康目标的一门课程。” 相似文献
7.
对体育测量“三性”有关问题的分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
张秋霞 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(10):113-114
本文对《体育测量与评价》中测量的“三性”及相关问题，通过查阅文献资料并结合教学实践，进行了分析和研究，提出建议将测量的“三性”改为“两性”，并对“两性”的关系作了进一步的分析与探讨。 相似文献
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随着《体育与健康课程标准》的深入实施，给体育教学注入了全新的理念和活力。在《标准》中规定了课程目标、领域目标、水平目标，并提出了以目标的完成来统领教学内容和教学方法的选择，而对具体教学内容、教师的教和学生的学、教学时数、具体评价方法未作具体的规定和限制，这就给我们的体育与健康教学提供了自由选择和发展的空间。但“自由”是有度的，教师必须全面学习和领会《标准》的精神，那么这个度就不难把握。一、教学内容的广泛选择教师在设计教学内容时，必须以学生的兴趣为主要因素、发展需要为中心，针对学生身心发展、年龄和… 相似文献
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高公荣 《徐州教育学院学报》2002,17(2):170-171
古人把《木兰辞》和《孔雀东南飞》美喻为“乐府双璧” ,把杜甫的《登高》推崇为“古今七律第一”。我认为东坡中秋词《水调歌头》堪列中秋词作榜首 ,自古及今 ,无出其右者。正如南宋人胡仔在《苕溪渔隐丛话》中所说 :“中秋词自东坡《水调歌头》一出 ,余词尽废。”这“余词尽废”的含义是说 ,东坡此词的豪放旷达 ,凝重亮丽 ,它词难以比及。因此 ,长期以来 ,评注多多 ,但好多评注牵强附会 ,难以屈就。下面我对该词略抒管见 ,以飨广大诗词爱好者 ,并请高明指点。该词词前小序说 :“丙辰中秋 ,欢饮达旦 ,大醉 ,作此篇 ,兼怀子由。”由此观之 ,… 相似文献
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Abstract A scale has recently been developed to measure moral disengagement in sport (Boardley & Kavussanu, 2007). It consists of 32 items that measure the eight mechanisms of moral disengagement proposed by Bandura (1991). In the present study, we aimed to: (a) examine whether a subset of these items could form a short version of the scale; (b) provide evidence for the construct validity of the short version; and (c) test its measurement invariance across sex and sport type. A total of 992 football, rugby, hockey, basketball, and netball players from three different samples completed the long version of the scale. Data analyses indicated that the short version of the scale consisted of eight items and had high internal consistency. Construct validity of the scale was evidenced via correlations with sport moral disengagement and prosocial and antisocial behaviour. Multisample confirmatory factor analyses established measurement invariance across sex and partial measurement invariance across four team sports. In conclusion, the short version of the scale is a reliable and valid measure of moral disengagement in sport. 相似文献
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大学生《身体自我效能量表》的初步修订--自我效能实践测量操作中的分歧 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
以沈阳市 885名大学生为测查对象 ,对量表进行严格的翻译、初测等程序筛选条目 ,以探索性因素分析与结构方程模型进行交叉分析 ,对假设模型进行验证性比较。该量表的一个维度—身体自我表现信心在修订过程中遭到质疑 ,不具有跨文化的适应性 ;另一个维度却有较好的数据表现 ,且能够对应自我效能的理论诠释 ,在实际操作中可借鉴应用。但研究者认为 ,实践测量指标设计 ,更应基于其核心概念的把握 ,灵活施测 ,情境化。高水平的身体自我效能通常意味着运动参与者会付出更高的努力与坚持性 ,学校体育工作者在体育组织文化建设上应重视客体自我效能的提高。 相似文献
13.
《大学生运动员意志品质评价量表》的修订简化与信效度检验 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
旨在开发一个可用于体育运动实践的简便有效的运动员意志品质测量工具.对原有的<优秀运动员意志品质评价量表>进行修订简化,并搜集了量表修订前、后的信效度资料.结果表明,"完整版"和"简化版"<大学生运动员意志品质评价量表>均具有较好的内部一致性信度、内容效度和结构效度,二者保持了较高的内部一致性,其综合评价效果基本吻合.建议可用于对运动员的意志品质进行监测和评价,研究者可根据实际情况,有选择性地使用"简化版"或"完整版"量表. 相似文献
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Jennifer Kavanagh Kieran Moran Johann Issartel 《Physical Education & Sport Pedagogy》2020,25(2):174-187
ABSTRACTBackground: Cycling has gained more attention as an important lifelong physical activity. Learning to cycle independently without assistance is a milestone for most children that requires time and practice to master. Cycling was recently added to the motor development model and so a valid and reliable measure of cycling ability is required to allow accurate assessment of the skill. Cycling has many health benefits along with being a commonly reported physical activity globally and therefore is an important skill to promote in early childhood and throughout life. To date, there are no measurement tools examining the developmental process to independent cycling in the early childhood years. The current study aimed to develop and assess the inter-rater and test-retest reliability of the ‘KIM Cycling Scale’.Methods: Development of the scale occurred in four phases: (1) development of criteria and stages, which used observation of children when learning to cycle and expert panels to develop the initial developmental stages, (2) review of instructions and criteria and pilot inter-rater and test-retest reliability, to ensure that the scale could be used as a standalone scale without requiring further instructions (3) cycling intervention, which allowed assessment of the developmental nature of children along the scale as they learn to cycle independently and to assess typical and alternate routes to independent cycling and (4) inter-rater and test-retest reliability.Results: Ninety children took part in phase 1, thirty-six children took part in phase 2, seventy-four children took part in phase 3 and one hundred and forty-nine children took part in phase 4. All three hundred and forty-nine children were between 2 and 6 years. The developed scale included eight stages in total. The scale was found to have excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC?=?0.97, 95% CI?=?0.96–0.98) and good to excellent test-retest reliability [(ICC?=?0.91, 95% CI?=?0.87–0.94) & (ICC?=?0.90, 95% CI?=?0.85–0.93)]. Typical routes to independent cycling along the scale were examined and reported as being step-wise on all occasions except one where a two stage jump was as common as the step-wise route. Alternate routes were also reported.Conclusion: The current study developed a reliable measurement tool for assessing children between 2 and 6 years of age on the developmental process to independent cycling. Having a cycling scale will allow teachers and practitioners to assess competence in cycling and moreover, track changes in skill development. Furthermore, parents could also use the scale to better understand and better asses their child’s progression when learning to cycle. 相似文献
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Margaret J. Safrit Allan S. Cohen M. Glaucia Costa 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):325-335
Abstract Item response theory (IRT) has been the focus of intense research and development activity in educational and psychological measurement during the past decade. Because this theory can provide more precise information about test items than other theories usually used in measuring motor behavior, the application of IRT in physical education and exercise science merits investigation. In IRT, the difficulty level of each item (e.g., trial or task) can be estimated and placed on the same scale as the ability of the examinee. Using this information, the test developer can determine the ability levels at which the test functions best. Equating the scores of individuals on two or more items or tests can be handled efficiently by applying IRT. The precision of the identification of performance standards in a mastery test context can be enhanced, as can adaptive testing procedures. In this tutorial, several potential benefits of applying IRT to the measurement of motor behavior were described. An example is provided using bowling data and applying the graded-response form of the Rasch IRT model. The data were calibrated and the goodness of fit was examined. This analysis is described in a step-by-step approach. Limitations to using an IRT model with a test consisting of repeated measures were noted. 相似文献
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吴爽 《徐州教育学院学报》2007,22(3):112-116
关于北京奥运会吉祥物"福娃"英译的得失与修正,一直以来百家争鸣;与"Friendlies"不同,北京奥运会火炬"祥云"自出炉之日起就享有盛誉,其英译"Lucky Cloud"也似乎顺理成章,而此英文内涵是否理想的议题却迟迟无人问津。文章通过对比中西方"云"意象的差异,指出这一译法的不等值,并运用目的论进一步探析直译"Cloud"与音译"Xiangyun"的取舍,从而建议奥运文化负载词趋向音译的翻译方法。 相似文献
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SF-36量表在老年人运动健身效果评价中的应用 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
SF-36量表是评价生存质量的一种有效工具，为了促进其在运动健身效果评价中的应用，以北京市普通老年人（男61～65岁；女56～60岁，各300人）为研究时象，从可行性、信度和效度3个方面对SF-36量表在运动健身效果评价中的适用性问题进行了探讨。研究发现：SF-36量表具有令人满意的可行性、信度和效度，但是社会功能维度的信度和效度存在一定的不足。提示：SF-36量表可以用于老年人运动健身过程中时生存质量的评价，但是，建议根据我国的文化背景，结合老年人的心理特征和思维方式对社会功能维度进行适当的修改。SF-36量表作为一个简便高效的生存质量测量工具在体育科研领域中将具有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
18.
武术要想走向世界,首先应该是理论先走上世界,武术术语的翻译是非常重要的。武术翻译是使中华传统武术走向世界,向世界宣传报道、介绍武术特色、民族文化的一种必然有效手段。在翻译过程中,对原语读者来说,显而易见的文化内容,对于译入语读者来说,却是难于理解的,极易在译入语中形成文化上的空白。 相似文献
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通过对相关文献的回顾,依据时间顺序和理论完善程度,将国外体育消费动机测量研究的发展历程分为早期初步开发、中期完善改进和后期实践应用三个阶段,并在此基础上指出:实践应用是国外体育消费动机测量研究的主要发展趋势:体育消费动机量表( MSSC)和SPEED量表可以作为未来体育消费动机研究的测量,但两者在具体使用上仍存在差异;中国体育消费动机测量研究可以采用主客位联合研究法,在借鉴国外优秀研究成果的基础上,开发适应中国本土消费者的体育消费动机测量量表. 相似文献
20.
Fabienne Ennigkeit Frank Hänsel 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2018,22(4):343-355
The purpose of the present study was to examine the factorial and convergent validity of the German translation of the Exercise Identity Scale (EIS; Anderson & Cychosz, 1994). We introduce a bifactor model as a possible alternative to the previously discussed one- and two-factor models. Using an online study with 530 participants, our results suggest that the EIS should be considered a unidimensional measure. For this one-factor model, temporal invariance (time interval: 2 weeks) and invariance between men and women could be established. Relations to similar constructs were in the expected directions. We provide a psychometrically sound German version of the EIS, which demonstrated factorial and convergent validity in this study. The use of the scale in German samples is likely to advance research on exercise adoption and maintenance by integrating the exercise identity construct. 相似文献