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1.
从Internet论现代体育信息意识的建立 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
研究概括阐释了Internet传输体育信息的技术特点,论述了建立体育信息意识和尽快应用Internet为我国体育科技事业服务的必要性和迫切性。结论认为:我国体育科技人员要变革传统的工作思考方式,树立全新的现代信息观念;适应现代信息科学技术的发展,掌握并应用先进的科技技能手段;共享国际体育信息和科技资源;使我国体育科研进入崭新阶段。 相似文献
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In German sports science, the national elite sport promotion system is a steady topic of discussions. The federal government and the German Olympic Sports Confederation (DOSB) expect new impetus of the reformed elite sport system in the areas of, inter alia, young athlete promotion, scientific support, and the coaches’ situation in German elite sport. The present article is a discipline-specific approach to these three issues for men’s artistic gymnastics. The first author served in various functions in German gymnastics (former squad athlete, young athletes‘ coach, academic teaching) for several years and is familiar with essential problems due to close communication with gymnasts, coaches, scientists, and officials. The purpose of this article is to point out specific challenges in men’s artistic gymnastics in view of the present debate on the German elite sport promotion system. This is intended to stimulate further discussions on solution approaches concerning the common exploitation of potentials. 相似文献
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Creative ideas are the driving force behind knowledge production, the producers of which are generally domesticated at universities for the purposes of ensuring the methodological credibility of the knowledge produced, in order to minimise the impact of chance in the creation of new knowledge. The status of producers is determined by indicators designed to simulate the demand for knowledge, precipitate a quantitative and qualitative comparison of elements which are not comparable, and establish legitimacy for the means of control used. Furthermore, incentives for competitive sport research and the symbolic recognition of scientists via sport practice play a particular role for knowledge production in sports science. In order to compensate for the practical world’s unwillingness to pay for sports science expertise relevant to competitive sport, the German Federal Institute of Sports Science (BISp) functions as a simulator of demand for knowledge generated by universities, while the Institute for Applied Training Science with its services exclusively available to umbrella organisations limits the range of incentives to produce (competitive) sporting knowledge. Sports scientists are thus faced with a market situation which favours routine research and standard methods, creates legitimacy at a central level, does not necessarily tackle actual issues faced by (competitive) athletes, stimulates demand for monitoring services, and all in all leaves monoculture-driven gaps which could most likely only be avoided by advocating and applying individual scope for action throughout the research ethos. 相似文献
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中国体育科学发展现状与展望 总被引：20，自引：2，他引：18
采用文献资料调研和调查访问等方法 ,对中国体育科学研究的特点与存在的问题进行了探讨 ,并对中国体育科学发展进行了展望。研究表明 :中国体育科学表现出科学研究取得高水平成果、研究手段多样化、初步形成了中国特色的体育科学研究体系、开始步入国际体育科学舞台等 4个方面的特点。但是 ,中国体育科学研究存在着创新性研究成果 (假说 )不多、研究方法中存在的缺陷、体育科学研究发展不平衡、在国际体育科学研究领域地位不高等问题。另外 ,中国体育科学应当在理论研究突出重点 ;应用研究突出实用特征、新技术与新方法的应用 ;加强中国特色的体育科学研究 ;建立中国体育科学数据平台 ;不断提高在国际体育科学研究中地位等方面进行加强。 相似文献
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增强我国体育社会科学原始创新能力的思考 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
黄聚云 《上海体育学院学报》2007,31(1):1-8
体育社会科学的原始创新能力是一种综合能力,其主旨是通过体育促进人及社会的和谐发展,主体是体育社会科学人才,内核是体育创新主体的自我超越,外壳是全新的体育知识产品,标志是对体育发展的主导作用。相对保守的传统文化、整体较弱的国民素质、急功近利的科研体制、急待优化的学术队伍、粗放的研究模式、极端的科学主义、强烈的泛意识形态思维和淡漠的学术批评氛围等,束缚了我国体育社会科学原始创新能力的发展。建议:应增强批判意识,完善人才政策,优化学术队伍,改进科研模式,提高国民体育科学文化素质,构建高等体育院校创新体系,提供更丰富的信息资源支持,提高体育社会科学工作者的学术修养。 相似文献
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Alfred Rütten 《Sportwissenschaft》2017,47(1):72-81
This article aims at balancing chances and risks of a stronger public health focus of sport science. It addresses current opportunities and challenges for sport science research and consultation. In order to highlight both the specific potential of sport science for public health and the particular opportunities of public health for sport science, three central aspects are analyzed: (1) the concept of movement, (2) the health promotion approach, and (3) the constitution of sport science as science of practice. In the concluding section, potential consequences of a more systematic public health orientation in sport science are discussed. Both external evaluation criteria (e.?g. consultation services, third party funding) as well as aspects primarily internal to science (e.?g. theory development, scientific publications) are considered. 相似文献
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科技全球化背景下我国体育科技发展战略研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
在科技全球化的浪潮中，体育科技全球化是必然的趋势。为了迎接科技全球化的挑战，在制宁我国体育科技发展战略时，应当充分认识到科技全球化的必然性，应当根据具体国情定好性，明确不同阶段的主要任务；应当加强国际体育科技交流与合作，并熟悉，遵守交流合作的国际规则；应当加强体育科技体制改革，体育科技要面向社会，面向世界，面向实践，应当合理整合体育科技资源，逐步形成集团优势；应当瞄准当前国际上居主导地位的高新技术在体育中的应用研究，应当加强体育研究生教育改革，培养具有国际竞争能力的体育科技人才。 相似文献
8.
Victor D. Cha 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(11):1581-1610
The study of international relations purports to explain how nation-states and individuals interact around the globe. Yet one major area of such interaction – international sport – remains exceedingly understudied. This in spite of the fact that countries have gone to war over sport, fought for sovereign recognition through sport, and that citizens around the world have it as a daily part of their lives. Indeed it is astounding that a phenomenon that matters so much has been so little studied by a field that purports to explain relations between states and humans around the world. These deficiencies became more apparent in 2008 when we witnessed the world's biggest country hosting the world's biggest sporting event. The Beijing Olympics, though entertaining and exciting, showed how little we have thought about the link between sport and international politics. This article introduces a framework for understanding the link between sport and politics. Its point of entry is to argue that many of the questions about how China portrayed itself during the Olympics and whether the Games marked China's rise as a responsible power cannot be answered without first understanding how sport in general is related to a country's political development, and its sense of nationhood. My arguments do not represent new breakthroughs in political science, rather I attempt merely to offer a systematic way of thinking about how sports and the Olympics matter in world politics through three inter-related causal pathways relating to a country's sense of self, its diplomacy, and its capacity for change. 相似文献
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郭利利 《体育成人教育学刊》2012,28(5):63-64
通过对英文检索工具《体育索引》的计量学分析,了解目前国际体育科学领域研究的特点以及我国与国际在体育科研领域的差距。研究表明:国际体育科学界不仅对科学健身研究较为重视,也很关注从人文社会学角度对体育现象和运动行为的研究;在文献的占有量和相关领域研究上我国体育科研领域与国际体育科研领域还存在较大差距。 相似文献
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In view of the changes in and growing variety of sports-related occupations, it is highly relevant for educational institutions to know how well the educational contents of their sport science courses meet the professional requirements. This study analyses the relationship between the competencies acquired through academic sports science courses and the requirements of the relevant jobs in Switzerland. The data for this empirical analysis were drawn from a sample of n = 1054 graduates of different academic sport science programmes at all eight Swiss universities. The results show that academic sport science courses primarily communicate sports-specific expertise and practical sports skills. On the other hand, most graduates consider that the acquisition of interdisciplinary competencies plays a comparatively minor role in sport science education, even though these competencies are felt to be an important requirement in a variety of work-related environments and challenges. 相似文献
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Kalle Jonasson 《Sport in Society》2019,22(9):1512-1527
AbstractThis article concerns the use of sport as an asset of knowledge in academia. The background to this is sport’s neglected role and isolation in academia, save for in sundry sports sciences. By mapping the academic use of philosopher Michel Serres’ sport metaphors, a new perspective of the relationship between sport and science is explored. A mixed-methods approach was chosen to review the literature using Serres’ concept of the ‘quasi-object’. The findings show that the concept appeals to a wide array of disciplines within the social sciences and the humanities. The article suggests that there exists a parallel sport science in academia that flies under the radar of regular sport disciplines, a sort of ‘sport AS humanities’. This proposed ‘sportive science’ focuses on other aspects of sport than its already existing sport study counterparts. Thus, sport qua science acknowledges its topic as an asset of knowledge, not as a mirror of society. 相似文献
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Professional competency of sport and exercise coaches has been conceptualised differently depending on the theoretical and methodical approach taken. To date, no model of professional coaching competency has been agreed upon. The aim of this study was to develop a competency model for sport coaches drawing on well-known competency models developed in the context of teacher education and to empirically assess parts of the model. We developed an initial pool of 295 multiple choice items and administered them to a sample of 531 youths (mean age: 16.2 years) directly after they had completed the German Football Association’s (Deutscher Fußball-Bund) “Junior Coach in Schule und Verein” (Junior Coach for Schools and Clubs) training programme. Results of analyses of one-, two-, five-, and six-dimensional models by means of Rasch scaling indicate that the data are best represented by either a two- or a five-dimensional model depending on the fit criteria chosen. While content knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge are presented in the two-dimensional model, the five-dimensional model allows discrimination among football-specific content knowledge, basic content knowledge of training science, basic content knowledge of first aid and pedagogical content knowledge of planning training sessions and instructional/methodological pedagogical knowledge. Further investigation should be made into the suitability of competency models developed in the context of teacher evaluation for modelling the competency of sport coaches and into the extent to which such models can be extrapolated to various sports. 相似文献
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随着碳中和、碳达峰行动目标被纳入生态文明建设,环境可持续发展受到越来越多的关注。作为人类社会测量环境影响的重要指标之一,碳足迹方法的引入为体育可持续发展提供了丰富的数据支持和科学的理论依据。研究从碳足迹的概念出发,系统梳理了体育活动中碳足迹的研究进展与实践举措。学术研究方面:基于大型体育赛事的碳足迹研究是当前研究的核心内容,基于体育场馆和体育参与者的研究引入相关理论探讨场馆选址、个体差异与碳足迹排放量之间的关系。实践应用方面:国际奥委会和国际足联等体育组织是体育活动中碳足迹实践的引领者,体育全球化发展带动了各地区体育组织对赛事碳足迹的关注。研究认为:碳足迹应用推动体育发展从人类中心主义向生态中心主义转变,促进国际倡议与个体行动的统一,提供体育对环境影响的量化信息,并增进体育从业者对可持续发展的关注。 相似文献
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通过应用文献资料法和专家访谈法探讨体育统计方法在体育领域应用的拓展历程,通过探讨其拓展历程能够从一个侧面反映体育统计学的发展历程,为了解体育统计方法在体育领域的应用现状提高依据和参考,为促进体育统计方法在体育领域更广泛更正确更深入地应用提高借鉴。从查阅到的文献及史料记载,体育统计方法真正称之为在体育领域的应用始于上世纪70年代,因此文章以体育统计学发展历史阶段为坐标研究体育统计方法在体育领域的应用历程,从体育统计学发展过程中的两个阶段即学科的恢复、快速发展阶段（1978年-1991年）和学科平稳、调整阶段（1992年—今）中探讨体育统计方法的应用历程。研究结果表明,体育统计方法的应用拓展历程贯穿于以下两条主线。从学科范围上：从体质研究——体育基础理论学科的应用——体育人文学科的应用——体育软科学研究中的应用;从在竞技体育的运动训练中的应用——在研究体育教学即学校体育中的应用——在研究大众体育、群众体育的应用。 相似文献
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以文献资料法和逻辑分析法为核心研究方法,对运动训练学领域中大数据的应用进行分析(由于运动训练学的研究多数需要数据支撑),通过体育领域中"大数据"的案例运用来探讨现在体育科学研究领域中出现的盲点以及未来体育科学研究中可能出现的趋势。大数据对体育科学研究领域的影响主要表现在以下几方面:1)在以理论驱动模型为出发点的研究中,利用大数据或许会更加接近事实上的理论;2)合理利用大数据进行科学研究会使结果的精度得以提高。针对大数据的特点,提出了关于未来体育科学研究的几点展望:1)重新认识数据价值;2)将非结构化数据纳入研究体系,建立多维度立体模型;3)从数据间的相关关系探究背后因果规律。 相似文献
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Jeannine Ohlert Corinna Seidler Thea Rau Bettina Rulofs Marc Allroggen 《Sportwissenschaft》2018,48(1):59-68
Although the topic of sexual violence in sport has gained considerable attention in recent years, prevalence rates of sexual violence experience in German athletes are not yet available. Therefore, the current study aimed to address this by assessing prevalence rates in a comprehensive sample of German elite athletes. Overall, 1529 German elite athletes over 16 years of age from 128 different sports took part in an online survey. Mean age was 21.6 years; 56% were female. Participants were presented with seventeen different sexual violence situations (from sexist jokes to forced penetration) and asked to indicate how often they had experienced each particular situation in the sport setting. Results revealed that 37.6% of the athletes had experienced at least one sexual violence situation in organized sport; 11.2% reported a severe form of sexual violence. Female athletes were affected significantly more often than male athletes, and persons with a sexual orientation other than heterosexual more often than heterosexuals. No significant differences could be found with regard to age, level of performance, type of sports, dis-/ability or migration background of the athletes. These results indicate that sexual violence is a problem that needs to be addressed across elite sports in Germany. Prevention concepts need to be developed and applied across sports contexts. 相似文献
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Tiago J. Maranhão 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(7-8):912-922
ABSTRACTGetúlio Vargas’ dictatorship (1937-1945) attributed to sports a key role to foment the formation of a ‘new Brazil’, using football as a crucial element to promote the state nationalist policy. A propitious moment for this attempt would be an international event, a space in which Brazil could demonstrate to the civilized nations – especially to the European countries – the best qualities of ‘the Brazilian race’. This arena was the 1938 World Cup, played in France. This essay presents some aspects of the relationship between football and the construction of Brazil’s national identity in the early twentieth century. My focus on the 1938 World Cup is due to the fact this was a quintessential event not only for the history of Brazilian sports but also for the debates on scientific racism and the construction of national identity. This event shaped, more than eight decades ago, the ways through which football articulated the core commonality of the Brazilian society, becoming one of the key elements to understand contemporary Brazil. 相似文献