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《科技通报》2015,(8)
对视频帧中运动目标提取是计算机视觉研究的重点课题,对视频帧色差突变图像的背景检测常受到背景色差干扰,目标检测性能不好。提出一种基于视频序列的双背景建模的视频帧色差突变图像的背景检测和参量提取算法,背景建模加入了光照突变处理机制,进行色差补偿。计算视频帧差背景内的突变信息感知概率和统计概率,对视频图像进行滑动平均建模,采用模极大值法进行边缘检测,得到基于灰度方差的视频帧色差稳定性检测的判别函数。将当前帧与背景帧相减,建立滑动平均背景模型,提取其背景差异性特征参量。仿真结果表明,该算法的检测性能较好,当背景发生变化时,如光照突变、人群数目突然增大时,具有较好的背景检测性能,处理光照突变方面的图像平滑性较好。 相似文献
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传统的Canny边缘检测方法提取遥感图像边缘视觉特征在设定不变矩阈值采用经验模式,导致视觉提取分辨率不好,特征提取不准。提出采用Morlet小波变换对遥感图像边缘特征进行不变矩阈值函数构建,提出一种基于Morlet小波Canny边缘检测算法的遥感图像视觉特征提取。将图像数据经过Canny边缘检测和标记分水岭分割,实现遥感图像视觉提取。仿真实验表明,该方法在遥感图像视觉特征提取上比传统的Canny边缘检测方法效果明显,提取正确率最高可以达到94.20%,算法将在远距离遥感目标识别和监测等领域具有很好的应用价值。 相似文献
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针对跳水运动视频中的人体运动目标分割问题,提出利用颜色信息进行运动目标检测和分割的算法。首先采用色相和亮度两个彩色分量加强图像中的颜色差异,使用OTSU算法对图像进行阈值分割,同时结合RGB颜色空间启发式肤色聚类,确定运动目标所在的连通区域,从而完成首帧运动目标的自动检测。在后续帧的处理中,以数学形态学方法进行自适应运动区域预测,运用改进的OTSU算法,提高了分割速度。实验表明,本方法有效地克服了复杂背景变化的影响,能够快速实现跳水运动目标的分割,且对运动对象的快速运动有较强的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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边缘检测在数字图像处理、计算机视觉中有着重要的应用。本文对数字图像处理中几种具有代表性的边缘检测算法进行了理论分析,并提出了图像边缘特征提取的改进方法,通过比较得出其优点和适用范围,为实际应用采用此方法提供对照和参考。 相似文献
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传统算法对空中模糊目标图像边缘特征的提取不理想,图像融合检测和边缘恢复效果不佳。提出空中模糊目标图像边缘信息的融合与恢复方法,在多尺度Markov随机场框架下,基于最大似然准则,引入信息度量因子,对空中模糊目标图像边缘信息融合规则进行优化指导,采用势函数逆变换的方法,得到重构的空中模糊目标融合图像。仿真实验中,相比于传统算法,改进算法图像边缘信息恢复准确度提高了63%,在细节信息包含量和实时性处理方面都有较强优势,在伪装模糊目标识别和目标精确检测等领域具有较好的应用价值。 相似文献
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主要研究了视频图像目标跟踪准确性问题。在基于核的颜色特征统计描述及以此建立视觉目标观测概率方法的基础上,提出了一种改进的粒子滤波视频图像目标跟踪算法。首先,本文给出了基于标准粒子滤波的单特征、单目标跟踪算法,然后针对加权样本参数的选择不同,提出改进思路,最后通过与基于均值移位视觉目标跟踪算法的实验结果对比。提出的改进的粒子滤波跟踪算法在稳健性方面有显著地提高,而且若适当选择视觉跟踪参数,在实时性方面能得到有效地保证。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献