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为研究高技术产业人才聚集对技术创新的影响及其区域差异性程度,从区域异质性视角,理论分析高技术产业人才聚集对技术创新的作用机理并提出相应假设,利用2009—2016年我国25个省级区域面板数据,通过构建固定效应(FE)、随机效应(RE)模型并对比可行广义最小二乘法(FGLS)进行实证检验。研究结果表明:从成果产出和产品产出角度,高技术产业人才聚集均能显著促进技术创新能力的提升,但存在明显的区域差异,表现为东部地区人才聚集对技术创新成果产出的促进作用明显高于中、西部地区,而对产品产出的促进作用略低,表现为"中部最高,西部次之,东部最低"。此外,研发人员投入、研发经费投入和资产规模对技术创新也存在不同程度的正向影响,但区域差异性也十分明显。最后,依据研究结论提出相关政策建议。 相似文献
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摘要：本文用1999-2007省级面板数据研究产业聚集对中国区域创新能力的影响。结果显示，在控制了科技人员投入、科技经费投入和制度创新的条件下，产业聚集显著促进区域创新，但对区域创新的作用略低于科技经费投入、科技人员投入和制度创新。分行业比较分析表明，不仅高技术产业聚集有利于区域创新，传统产业聚集对区域创新也有正的影响，这为各地区结合比较优势，培育特色产业集群从而促进区域创新提供了理论支持；多数资源依赖型产业聚集抑制区域创新，这主要是因为过度依赖资源对人力资本投入和技术创新投入产生了“挤出效应”。 相似文献
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分析金融集聚实现高技术产业升级的影响机理,即通过促进高技术企业形成外部规模经济效应推动技术创新的作用机制,以及通过降低高技术企业交易成本推动高技术创新的作用机制,并运用2001—2019年我国31个省份的面板数据,采用动态面板广义矩估计(GMM)方法探索这一影响机理。研究表明:(1)金融集聚显著促进了高技术产业升级;(2)变更高技术产业高级化替换变量、金融集聚替换变量,这一影响效果依然稳健;(3)金融集聚均通过显著提高高技术企业规模效应和显著降低高技术企业交易成本进而实现技术创新;(4)金融集聚也通过显著提高技术创新实现高技术产业升级。研究结论的政策启示包括:持续深化金融供给侧结构性改革,有力推动高技术产业集聚;推动金融集聚为高技术产业专业化、多样化聚集模式提供资金支持;不断提升高技术企业生产效率以及培养高层次技术发明人才和技术创新团队。 相似文献
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当前高技术产品开发和生产的一种趋势是向特定的区域聚集,这种由产业间的密切关联及在空间上的聚集而形成的产业群对降低产品成本,加快技术创新,促进区域经济发展具有非常重要的作用.因此,研究探讨高技术产业群这种现象的内在形成机制和发展规律,采取措施加快我国高技术产业群的成长是一个十分重要的问题.本文对高技术产业群的概念和特征作了界定,分析了高技术园区产业群的形成机制,结合我国高技术产业园区的实际,提出了推动园区产业群发展的对策. 相似文献
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根据高技术产业技术创新活动的复杂性,将高技术产业技术创新活动分解为技术研发过程和技术转化过程,通过构建固定规模报酬的网络SBM模型对我国区域高技术产业技术创新效率进行了较全面的评价。结果表明:我国区域高技术产业技术创新的整体效率和两个子过程效率都较低,存在明显的区域差异;技术转化过程并不是导致技术创新活动相对低下的主要原因;我国大部分地区表现为两过程效率的双重低效或一高一低;东、中、西部三大地区的高技术产业技术创新效率呈现出明显的"阶梯分布"现象。 相似文献
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基于静态效率和动态生产率的双重视角,本文运用系统广义矩估计方法(SGMM)和中介效应模型等研究方法,从理论和实证两个层面分析了高技术产业集聚对绿色技术创新绩效的影响及其内在机理。研究发现:从全国总体来看,高技术产业集聚对绿色技术创新绩效具有显著的促进作用,且绿色技术进步是高技术产业集聚促进绿色技术创新绩效提升的主要驱动力;进一步的机理检验表明,高技术产业聚集会通过推进绿色技术创新和提高绿色生产效率,产生技术溢出效应和规模经济效应,进而实现绿色技术创新绩效提升;无论是基于静态效率视角还是基于动态生产率视角,高技术产业集聚对绿色技术创新绩效的提升作用均存在明显的区域差异;此外,上述研究结论具有较强的稳健性。本文为我国推进绿色发展与创新驱动有机结合,进而推动创新型国家和美丽中国建设提供了有益的政策启示。 相似文献
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为促进我国高技术产业在经济高质量发展中充分发挥引领和支撑作用,深入探析政府财政支持对高技术产业发展的影响及其作用影响机制。基于我国30个省份2009－2020年的相关面板数据,构建以企业技术获取能力为中介变量的回归分析模型,对财政支持与高技术产业发展的内在关系进行实证检验。结果发现：财政支持是高技术产业发展的重要驱动因素,但对高技术产业发展的影响存在地区异质性,仅在东部地区由于区位优势而存在较高促进效应,而企业技术获取能力在财政支持与高技术产业发展中发挥了部分中介作用。由此提出加大对中西部地区的财政支持、统筹区域高技术产业协调发展和重视技术创新能力提升等对策建议,为支持与推动我国高技术产业发展提供思路借鉴。 相似文献
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Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
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A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
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Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
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Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
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Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
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Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
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Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
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《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献