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基于网络理论与动态能力理论视角,以336家高新技术企业为研究对象,本研究探讨了联盟组合重构对合作创新绩效的影响,并采用有调节的中介效应模型考察了联盟合法性与环境动态性的作用机制。研究结果表明：联盟组合结构性重构与联盟组合功能性重构对合作创新绩效均有显著的正向影响,联盟合法性在其中起着部分中介的作用;联盟合法性对合作创新绩效有显著的正向影响;环境动态性调节了联盟合法性对联盟组合结构性重构与合作创新绩效的中介作用,环境动态性调节了联盟合法性对联盟组合功能性重构与合作创新绩效的中介作用。 相似文献
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利用1999至2013年拥有标准联盟参与经历的170家车辆生产企业的数据,研究标准联盟组合多样性对企业两类技术标准化能力(主导能力、跟随能力)的影响,及关系强度在上述影响中的调节作用。基于负二项随机效应回归模型的实证分析发现：标准联盟组合多样性与企业技术标准化主导能力呈正U型关系,与技术标准化跟随能力呈倒U型关系。在标准联盟组合资源向技术标准化能力转化的过程中,联盟关系强度发挥了显著调节作用：随着关系强度提升,联盟组合多样性与技术标准化主导能力的正U型关系曲线、与技术标准化跟随能力的倒U型关系曲线将变得更为陡峭。 相似文献
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基于资源基础和制度理论,利用汽车产业1998-2013年参与正式标准合作的整车生产企业数据,实证探讨企业如何设计和管理标准联盟组合规模和多样性配置来培育技术标准化能力,并以权变视角揭示企业所处区域制度环境(政府与市场关系)和网络制度环境(网络密度)如何影响标准联盟组合配置与技术标准化能力的关系。结果表明,标准联盟组合规模和多样性均与企业技术标准化能力正相关,但组合规模的正向作用强于组合多样性,且二者组合效应与技术标准化能力负相关;区域政府与市场关系在组合多样性与技术标准化能力关系中发挥显著负向调节作用,但在组合规模与技术标准化能力关系中的调节作用不显著;标准联盟网络密度越高,组合规模与技术标准化能力的正向关联越强,组合多样性与技术标准化能力的正向关联越弱。 相似文献
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An empirical investigation of knowledge management and innovative performance: The case of alliances 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
This paper examines firm-level performance implications of strategic alliances by employing knowledge management practices as intermediaries. Unlike previous research which focuses on partner firm factors, this study investigates how alliance characteristics (i.e., alliance scope and governance) affect interfirm knowledge sharing and creation, and how these two practices and their interaction in turn affect innovative performance. These questions are examined in a sample of 127 German partnering firms. Results show that joint ventures as opposed to contractual alliances are more effective and influential in facilitating knowledge sharing and creation. In contrast, the scope of alliance activities, while positively associated with knowledge sharing, has no direct relationship with knowledge creation. In addition to these results, the study also finds that knowledge sharing, knowledge creation and their interaction significantly contribute to partner firms’ innovative performance. 相似文献
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Network embeddedness and the exploration of novel technologies: Technological distance, betweenness centrality and density 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
This paper aims to understand better the innovation potential of a firm’s alliance network. Here we analyze the role of an alliance network in terms of the technological distance between partners, a firm’s network position (centrality) and total network density. We study how these three elements of an alliance network, separately and in combination, affect the ‘twin tasks’ in exploration, namely novelty creation on the one hand and its efficient absorption on the other hand. For an empirical test, we study technology-based alliance networks in the pharmaceutical, chemical and automotive industries. Our findings indicate that successful exploration indeed seems to require a delicate balance between these two exploration tasks. A second conclusion is that different network positions yield different pay-offs in terms of the number of explorative patents. In other words, success rates for exploration are not spread equally across firms. However, position alone does not tell the full story. Our empirical findings clearly indicate that exploration success also depends on the other two dimensions of embeddedness, namely technological distance and network density. The three elements of network embeddedness need to be considered jointly in order to understand their complementary effects on both novelty creation and absorptive capacity. 相似文献
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The role of corporate technology strategy and patent portfolios in low-, medium- and high-technology firms 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Ulrich Lichtenthaler 《Research Policy》2009,38(3):559-569
Previous research into technology strategies and patent portfolios has focused on high-technology firms, whereas low- and medium-technology companies have been relatively neglected. Therefore, we analyze how corporate technology strategy and the size and composition of patent portfolios affect the performance of low-, medium- and high-technology firms. Data from 136 European companies are used to examine four hypotheses relating financial performance to technological diversification, technological aggressiveness, patent portfolio size, and patent portfolio quality. The cross-industry sample allows analyzing the different consequences of these strategic parameters in low-, medium- and high-technology firms by considering technological intensity as a moderator. Our first finding is that the positive impact of technological aggressiveness is limited in low- and medium-technology companies. Secondly, technological diversification has a positive effect in high-technology firms and a negative effect in low-technology firms. Thirdly, patent portfolio size has a positive effect only in high-technology firms. Finally, patent portfolio quality has an equally positive influence on all firms’ performance. In part, these results conflict with the findings of previous research into high-technology companies, and they call for rethinking the role of technology strategies and intellectual property portfolios in firms across industries. 相似文献
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The innovation value chain (IVC) divides the innovation process into three separate links or activities: knowledge gathering, knowledge transformation and knowledge exploitation. Here, we report a comparative panel data analysis of the IVC in Ireland and Switzerland. Both economies are small, very open and depend significantly on innovation to maintain competitive advantage. In recent years, however, R&D and innovation growth in Ireland has been markedly stronger than that in Switzerland. We investigate these differences through the ‘lens’ of the IVC. Significant similarities exist between some aspects of firms’ innovation behaviour in each country: strong complementarities emerge between external knowledge sources and between firms’ internal and external knowledge. And, in both countries, in-house R&D and links to customers prove important drivers of innovation. Innovation drives productivity growth in different ways in the two countries, however, through product change in Switzerland and through process change in Ireland. Other differences in the determinants of innovation performance linked to ownership and firms’ institutional context emphasise the systemic nature of innovation and the legacy of past patterns of industrial development. 相似文献
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基于战略联盟的开放式创新已成为企业创新的重要方式,从双边、企业以及网络3个层面,对国际上近20年的联盟式开放性创新研究进行梳理,就联盟类型、二元匹配、治理控制、联盟能力、联盟组合等6个大类联盟创新研究进行系统的评述与总结,并提出联盟能力构建路径、混合联盟组合管理等4个未来研究方向,供国内联盟创新研究者参考。 相似文献
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The paper investigates the existence of an Open Regional Innovation System (ORIS model). This model is characterised by the firms’ adoption of an open innovation strategy, which overcomes not only the boundaries of the firms but also the boundaries of the region.Using data collected in a sample of life science firms, our research provides the evidence that the Emilia Romagna RIS has evolved towards an ORIS model, where firms’ innovation search strategy, despite being still embedded in local nets (involving several regional public research organisations - PROs), is open to external-to-the-region research networks and knowledge sources. It also shows that innovation openness influences significantly the firms’ innovative performance. 相似文献
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从公司层面分析企业家导向对联盟绩效的影响,讨论了环境不确定性和企业规模的调节作用。结果表明,通过发展和培养企业家导向,能够提高企业的联盟绩效;不确定性环境下企业家导向,对联盟绩效的促进作用更加明显;小规模企业能够更加发挥企业家导向对联盟绩效的改善作用。 相似文献
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We draw upon evolutionary economics and transaction cost economics to examine how alliance experience accumulation at the parent firm level and alliance features at the transaction level jointly and interactively shape the favorability of research alliances’ termination outcomes. Fifteen percent of the terminated alliances we examined were successful, 34% were failures, and 51% experienced an intermediate outcome in the form of contract expiration or unilateral withdrawal by a partner. We find that the effect of partner-specific experience on the favorability of termination outcomes is greater for non-equity alliances than for equity structures affording stronger formal governance mechanisms. Other forms of experience such as general alliance experience or prior alliances in the same technological area as the focal agreement have no such favorable consequences for alliance termination. The findings also indicate that alliance complexity adversely influences firms’ termination outcomes in alliances. We therefore find evidence in partial support of both evolutionary and transaction cost based arguments for the explanation of termination outcomes in research alliances. 相似文献
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Innovating firms are likely to face several challenges and experience different types of barriers. In this paper we argue that it is necessary to distinguish between two kinds of barriers to innovation. The first corresponds to what we describe as revealed barriers and reflects the degree of difficulty of the innovation process and the learning experience consequent on the firm engaging in innovation activity. The second type of impediment, which we label deterring barriers, encompasses the obstacles that prevent firms from committing to innovation. We use data from the 4th UK Community Innovation Survey (CIS4) to investigate the relationship between firms’ engagement in innovation and their assessment of the barriers to innovation. We show that the relationship is curvilinear in the case of costs and market barriers. These results have important implications for innovation policy and innovation management. 相似文献
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University-incubator firm knowledge flows: assessing their impact on incubator firm performance 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Technology incubators are university-based technology initiatives that should facilitate knowledge flows from the university to the incubator firms. We thus investigate the research question of how knowledge actually flows from universities to incubator firms. Moreover, we assess the effect of these knowledge flows on incubator firm-level differential performance. Based on the resource-based view of the firm and the absorptive capacity construct, we advance the overarching hypothesis that knowledge flows should enhance incubator firm performance. Drawing on longitudinal and fine-grained firm-level data of 79 technology ventures incubated between 1998 and 2003 at the Advanced Technology Development Center, a technology incubator sponsored by the Georgia Institute of Technology, we find some support for knowledge flows from universities to incubator firms. Our evidence suggests that incubator firms’ absorptive capacity is an important factor when transforming university knowledge into firm-level competitive advantage. 相似文献
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We explore the causal links between service firms’ knowledge investments, their innovation outputs and business growth based on a bespoke survey of around 1100 UK service businesses. We combine the activity based approach of the innovation value chain with firms’ external links at each stage of the innovation process. This introduces the concept of ‘encoding’ relationships through which learning improves the effectiveness of firms’ innovation processes. Our econometric results emphasise the importance of external openness in the initial, exploratory phase of the innovation process and the significance of internal openness (e.g. team working) in later stages of the process. In-house design capacity is strongly linked to a firm's ability to absorb external knowledge for innovation. Links to customers are important in the exploratory stage of the innovation process, but encoding linkages with private and public research organisations are more important in developing innovation outputs. Business growth is related directly to both the extent of firms’ service innovation as well as the diversity of innovation, reflecting marketing, strategic and business process change. 相似文献
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Many young biotechnology firms act as intermediaries in tripartite alliance chains. They enter upstream partnerships with public sector research institutions, and later form commercialization alliances with established, downstream firms. We examine the alliance activity in a large sample of biotechnology firms and find: (i) firms with multiple in-licensing agreements are more likely to attract revenue-generating alliances with downstream partners; however, (ii) the positive relationship between in-licenses and downstream alliances attenuates as firms mature, and (iii) the diversity and the quality of the academic connections of firms’ principals influences their chances of successfully acquiring commercialization rights to scientific discoveries in universities. 相似文献
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Darshak PatelMichael R. Ward 《Research Policy》2011,40(6):886-894
We propose an empirical strategy to estimate competition in innovation markets. Our method relates firms’ market return on equity to information about patent citation patterns. Two innovations are implemented in the methodology. First is the application of daily abnormal stock returns rather than annual measures of Tobin's q. Second is the creation of citation patterns related to the area of science a firm patents in as represented by the detailed patent classification system. We find that markets positively reward firms when patents are granted. We further find that firm's market value increases when its patent portfolio is cited. We find evidence of competition in innovation markets. The market reacts at the time that the citation occurs and does not anticipate future citations at the time of patenting. Holding this effect constant, we find that citations from patents in the same area of science tend to reduce market value. We interpret these findings as consistent with more citations indicating more valuable intellectual property but citations from competing technologies decreasing it. 相似文献
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联盟已成为高新技术企业成长与发展过程中的重要战略选择,然而现实中许多高新技术企业缔结的联盟却以失败告终。如何提升高新技术企业的联盟绩效既是学术界探讨的焦点问题,也是实践界亟待解决的重要难题。本文通过理论分析构建了高新技术企业创业导向、联盟能力与联盟绩效的概念模型,并基于中国转型经济情境下195家高新技术企业的大样本调查数据,综合运用多元回归方法与结构方程模型对研究假设进行了验证。研究结果表明,高新技术企业创业导向对其联盟能力及联盟绩效都有显著的正向影响;联盟能力在高新技术企业创业导向与联盟绩效关系间发挥完全中介作用。 相似文献