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1.
辛悦 《内蒙古科技与经济》2019,(7)
通过Zenith Radar (KAZR)云雷达数据对2015年一次冰云过境个例进行了云微物理量的反演;不同的反演方法得到的雷达反射率因子、冰水含量和冰粒子有效半径的整体分布情况相似,均呈现云顶小,云底大的特点,这主要是由于云滴下落过程中的碰并增长作用所导致的;不同反演方法,对云微物理量反演的整体分布相似,但是对不同区域的反演能力仍有一定的差异,对于云上部弱冰水含量区,Hogan方法反演得到的冰水含量、冰水路径的强度更强,而对于云底部冰水含量丰富区,Microbase方法反演得到的冰水含量、冰水路径的强度更强。 相似文献
2.
新疆山区低层冰云云水资源初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文采用NASA地球观测系统（EOS）的＂云与地球辐射能量系统（CERES）＂2003年至2007年CERES SSF Aqua MODIS Edition 2B/2C云资料,以新疆天山、阿尔泰山和昆仑山三大山区为主要研究对象,通过考察云水柱含量和粒子有效直径,对低层冰云云水资源时空分布特征进行了初步分析。结果表明,无论是冰云云水柱含量还是冰云粒子有效直径,多年平均的高值区集中在天山和昆仑山;盆地及其沙漠地区则是低值区,阿尔泰山处于高值区和低值区的过渡带上。新疆地区的低层冰云云水柱含量的多年平均值在（70～135）g/m2之间,冰云粒子有效直径的多年平均值在37～48μm之间。三大山区附近城市的低层云冰云云水柱含量多年平均值较高,部分城市如伊宁、乌鲁木齐、塔城、博乐达（100～150）g/m2。按季节来分析,三大山区多年平均的冰云云水柱含量夏季最高,冬季最低,春季和秋季较接近,而冰云粒子有效直径的季节变化各山区不相同。 相似文献
3.
利用高分辨率卫星资料,详细分析了2003年4月双眼台风＂鲸鱼＂眼墙置换过程中水粒子的分布状况。分析表明：（1）鲸鱼台风眼墙置换的发生发展与水粒子的三维分布密切相关。（2）4种水粒子（云中水粒子、云中冰粒子、可降水粒子和可降冰粒子）以可降水和可降冰粒子的垂直分布对眼墙置换的影响最为重要。（3）云中冰和云中水、可降冰和可降水随着时间的变化呈现出正相关关系,而随着高度变化呈现出负相关的关系。（4）双眼台风在加强和衰亡期间并不是简单的循环过程。（5）眼墙置换过程中内眼墙的水粒子相变远较于外眼墙活跃。 相似文献
4.
使用遥控飞机搭载的光学粒子计数器与其他探空传感器,进行了近30天的连续观测,获得敦煌地面到约1000 m高度气溶胶的分粒径级的数混合比,以及温度、相对湿度等参数的垂直分布数据.数据表明,近地层气溶胶在夜间的对流混合是影响其日间垂直分布变化的主要因素.细粒子(0.3μmd1.0μm,d为空气动力学直径)的数混合比的月平均夏季比春季高,而粗粒子(d1.0μm)则是夏季比春季低.粒径在2.0μmd5.0μm间的粒子在2002年整个春季都占相当比例.沙尘暴期间,粗粒子的数混合比上升,同时细粒子的数混合比轻度下降,粒子尺度谱上在0.5μmd1.0μm和2.0μmd5.0μm范围都有峰值.沙尘暴消退期间,不同粒径粒子的数混合比的消退率和消退速度各有不同,这很可能意味着沙尘起源的差异. 相似文献
5.
针对三河口煤矿3下2316工作面在开采过程中遇到的极近距离跨采问题,利用FLAC3D模拟了其在5m、4m、5m高度岩柱下跨采底板巷道破坏情况,获得了巷道围岩最大主应力分布与垂直位移趋势,为合理岩柱高度的确定提供了理论依据.借鉴计算获得的巷道围岩稳定性指标,确定出其合理跨采岩拄高度为4 m. 相似文献
6.
石家庄市秋季可吸入颗粒物垂直分布特征的研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文研究了石家庄市秋季可吸入颗粒物质量浓度垂直分布和粒度分布特征。结果表明，环境空气中可吸入颗粒物的众径为0.2μm～1.0μm，比表面积为3536.2～4396.06 m2/kg，PM2.5/PM10高达71.28％～81.14％； 细小颗粒物累积百分含量随高度增加而增加，PM2.5和PM10累积分布随高度增加呈现出对数增加的规律；采样高度1.5m时中位径（D50）>1μm，大于1.5m时 D50均<1μm。不同高度降尘的比表面积为336.55～790.06m2/kg，PM2.5/PM10为19.46～22.47％，D50为9.66～13.78μm，D98在34.93～53.48μm之间。 相似文献
7.
2012年《火电厂大气污染物排放标准》 （GB13223-2011）正式颁布,从2014年7月1日起,火电厂污染物排放必须符合新的限值指标：SO2小于200mg/m3、NOx小于200mg/m3、烟尘小于30mg/m3.大量燃煤电厂锅炉面临着降低NOx排放浓度的改造.遵循“先降后脱”的原则加装脱硝装置时,需要对锅炉钢架、省煤器和空预器之间的烟道、空预器、引风机以及相关的烟风管道进行必要的改造. 相似文献
8.
横断山区垂直气候的几个问题 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
根据云岭白马雪山3a多的垂直气候观测资料分析,气温垂直递减率比一般地区大,西坡为0.71℃/100m;在一定海拔高度范围内,降水量随高度升高而增加,在“三江”最狭窄的平等岭谷地段,最大降水高度出现在背风坡（东坡）上部海拔3700-3800m之间;风对降水量的影响显著,风口处的(横断山区、垂直气候、递减率 相似文献
9.
新疆三大山区云的垂直分布特征初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
云高不仅可以为飞机播云高度提供参考,还是研究云水资源和天气气候的重要参数。新疆山区的面积约占其总面积的40％,山区降水是其河川径流的主要来源,承载着新疆年平均总降水量的84-3％。但是山区云观测资料严重缺乏,给云的定量研究造成了很大困难。本文利用美国宇航局（NASA）卫星CloudSat的云廓线雷达（CPR）2007年1月-2008年12月的2BCLDCLASS资料。对比分析了阿尔泰山、天山和昆仑山的高、中、低云云顶和云底高度的季节和年变化特征。结果表明,三大山区中,高云、中云和低云的平均云顶和云底高度以昆仑山区为最高,天山山区次之,阿尔泰山区最低,且三大山区的高云云顶高度差别不是很大,但低云差别较大;三大山区云顶和云底高度存在不同程度的季节和年变化,其中昆仑山区变化幅度最大,低云的季节变化幅度相对于高云和中云较小;对于各山区同一种云来说,云顶和云底高度夏季达到最高,冬季阵到最低;从频数来看,阿尔泰山区的云顸和云底高度主要出现在5～9km、天山山区在5-10km,昆仑山区主要出现在6～10km范围内。 相似文献
10.
《科技通报》2004,(3)
表示混合物组成的标准与非标准的量和单位对照表标准的量和单位量的名称与符号 单位符号非标准的量和单位量的名称单位符号B的质量分数,wB 1 重量分数,重量百分比浓度,质量百分含量,质量百分浓度,含量% (W/W ) ,% (m/m ) ,‰,ppm ,ppb ,ppmmB的体积分数,φB 1 体积百分含量,体积百分比浓度,含量% (V/V ) ,‰,ppm ,ppb ,ppmvB的摩尔分数,xB,(yB) 1 克分子分数,克分子百分数,摩尔百分粒子数分数,x 1 粒子百分数,粒子比率,粒子含量质量比,w 1,mg/kg重量比ppm体积比,φ1,mL/m3ppm粒子数比,x 1B的分子浓度,CB m-3 ,L-1分子比B的… 相似文献
11.
Marjorie Armstrong-Stassen Margaret Landstrom Ramona Lumpkin 《The Information Society》1998,14(2):153-164
This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors. 相似文献
12.
A joint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology his co-workers from Norway US Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells suggesting that China's projected climate warming could decrease the pest's numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on September .…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):6-7
Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007. 相似文献
13.
Caroline Haythornthwaite 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):211-226
A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction. 相似文献
14.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):2-3
CAS should stick to the principle of rendering service to, and giving impetus for, the development of China＇s science enterprise by making S＆T innovations, said CAS President LU Yongxiang. The CAS president made the remarks in a recent talk to communicate the gist of the winter session of the Party＇s Leading-member Group at CAS, which was held from 7 to 11 January in Beijing. 相似文献
15.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1)
With great care, Dr. ZHOU Zhonghe takes out a package wrapped by cotton tissue from a drawer and says: "This is the gem of our collections: the fossil of a bird that lived 125 million years ago!" Then, pointing at a tiny mound, he explains: "Look, this is the claw and that is the head. It was in the egg shell and ready to hatch ... The species fell into a family of waterside inhabitants." 相似文献
16.
Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies. 相似文献
17.
Puay Tang 《The Information Society》1998,14(1):19-31
The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means. 相似文献
18.
Milton Mueller 《The Information Society》2001,17(3):151-163
Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP. 相似文献
19.
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.…… 《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2008,22(1):15-15
Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology. 相似文献
20.
《中国科学院院刊(英文版)》2014,(3)
<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence 相似文献