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1.
Despite the advocated importance of twenty-first century competences in education, it appears that they are not systematically integrated in national curricula, school curricula and classroom activities. Potential explanations can be found in the current ambiguity of definitions for twenty-first century competences and the absence of educational actors in curriculum development. Responding to both shortcomings, this study aims to explore how teachers’ conceptualization and enactment of twenty-first century competences constitute dimensions that can inform curricular guidelines. An exploratory factor analysis of teachers’ self-reported classroom activities that foster students’ twenty-first century competences was conducted. The data comprised responses of 2,804 primary- and secondary-school teachers to a web-survey about the perceived occurrence of specific classroom activities targeting twenty-first century competences. Results suggested six coherent dimensions of classroom activities that foster twenty-first century competences: digital literacy, innovative thinking, critical thinking and communication, (digital) citizenship, self-regulated learning, and (computer-supported) collaborative learning. Nevertheless, there were substantial interrelationships among the six dimensions. This demonstrated that teachers did not perceive twenty-first century competences to be fostered by disconnected classroom activities, but that they already have a more integrative conception of the curricular innovation. The implications of these findings for curricula, teaching practice and research are discussed. 相似文献
2.
赵文平 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2013,(5):11-14,28
调查发现,中职教师课程实施认知能力表现为多元取向并存,但与实际行为有不一致的现象。中职教师课程实施实践能力方面,技术工艺生产属性有待进一步融入;关注学生综合职业能力发展,但不了解新技术职业对人才素质要求状况;学生与教材内容、教学设计之间的差距迫使教师在课程实施中不得不灵活调整;在课程内容更新中,与企业生产实践对接的常态化不足;尝试使用新的教学方法,但是还不能完全轻车熟路。中职教师课程实施反思能力表现为有反思但是自觉程度有待提高。中职教师课程实施能力的培养需要加强职前教师教育的课程素养教育、开展职后中职教师企业实践的培训、优化中职教师课程实施的外部环境。 相似文献
3.
在2011年11月召开的广东教育学会课程与教学论专业委员会第三届学术年会上,与会者围绕"新世纪基础教育课程与教学改革的回顾与展望"这一主题,对当前课程改革的新生长点,如"推进校本课程开发"、"创新科目课堂教学"和"提升教师专业发展"等并形成了较为一致的看法。推进校本课程开发主要表现为服务学生和学校的新理念、资源整合的新策略、凸显施行的新主题和科目整合式微型课程开发的新路向;创新科目课堂教学深化和聚焦到"语文""、数学"、"英语"等学校教育的核心科目上,从而引领人们超越一般性的教学改革论说,进入活生生的各个科目课堂教学的有效性建构层面;提升教师专业发展主要体现为"优秀教师期待"的新观念,"互惠性院校协作"、"行动学习"、"文化建构"和"课堂问题研究"的新途径。 相似文献
4.
2017年10月26日,教育部印发了《普通高等学校师范类专业认证实施办法(暂行)》,明确提出要培养造就堪当民族复兴大任的大国良师。培育"大国良师"是新时代国家对广大教师的殷切期望与要求,同时也将引发教师教育课程的改革。指向大国良师的教师教育课程应注重师范生的精神成长,其目标在于帮助师范生成为一名有灵魂、有信念、有思想、有情怀、有学识、有担当、有使命感、有仁爱之心的未来教师。建设以"精神成长"为指引的教师教育课程可以借鉴文化存在论教育学的理论思想。文化存在论教育学认为师范生培养的"精神转向"突出表现在三个方面:一是从注重知识、技能的掌握到关注优雅心灵的成长;二是从割裂式的培养到运用艺术教育的手段培育整体精神;三是从忽视到重视运用优秀的传统文化进行精神培育。文化存在论教育学将师范生的精神成长视为培育人文精神与涵养文化品性的过程,因而在课程体系建设中非常注重对师范生开展"仁爱之心"儿童观的培育、"内在幸福"价值观的涵养,以及"转识成智"教育观的陶冶。为此,教师教育课程的建设应特别注重三个方面:首先,将"仁爱之心"儿童观的形塑融汇在教师教育课程体系之中,激励师范生不断形成"於穆不已"的儿童教育信念。其次,将"内在幸福"价值观渗透在教师教育课程体系之中,激励师范生树立"孔颜乐处"的教育志向。第三,将"转识成智"教育观融通在教师教育课程体系之中,激励师范生不断提升教育的实践智慧。 相似文献
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There is widespread system response to the perceived needs of education for twenty-first century, where learning-to-learn is privileged and schools are organised to prepare young people for work. One casualty of such skills-led teaching is deep thinking about curriculum questions and the knowledge contents of teaching in relation to the needs, motivations and experiential knowledge of students. In this paper we argue for greater conceptual clarity between curriculum and pedagogy, and between the worlds of children’s experience and disciplinary knowledge, in order to deepen teachers’ understanding of the practice of teaching. The paper shows how using the conceptual tools of curriculum making is key to becoming, and developing as a teacher. This paper supports subject specialism in teaching in a manner that respects the social and cultural capital of young people and their role in knowledge creation together with the emancipatory significance of gaining epistemic access to disciplinary knowledge. 相似文献
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Ignasia Renatus Mligo 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2016,36(4):353-367
The aim of this study was to examine teachers’ perceptions and concerns about the implementation of the preschool curriculum developed over 10 years (2005–2015). This paper reports findings from an interpretive case study design in four preschool settings in Tanzania with 12 teachers and 8 parent participants. Data were generated using interviews and documentation. The research focus was on how teachers have implemented the 2005 preschool curriculum. The findings indicate that the implementation of the curriculum was problematic due to teachers’ lack of knowledge of a child-centred pedagogy. In addition there were no teachers qualified to work with young children, overcrowded classrooms, poor teaching and learning environments, and insufficient teaching and learning materials and facilities. This study recommends that to improve the current situation and attain quality provision of early education, teachers need to develop their professional knowledge through in-service training. The government policy planners need to provide initial teacher education, professional development, and conducive teaching and learning environments with available resources for effective teaching and learning practices. 相似文献
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与教师培训重心由单纯的学历达标向教师内在专业素质提升的转换相适应,集成式模块课程的功能定位于实现教师个人专业实践能力的持续发展。该课程体系是由"能力本位"的课程目标、"实活兼顾"的课程内容"、行动逻辑"的课程结构、"实践导向"的课程实施、"过程取向"的课程评价共同构成的,突出体现了"实"、"新"、"活"、"全"的结构特征。集成式模块课程的开发以课程分析为起点,包括课程分析、课程编制、课程实施、课程评价四个阶段。 相似文献
8.
Kathleen Stürmer Tina Seidel Katharina Müller Janina Häusler Kai S. Cortina 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2017,20(1):75-92
Professional vision research lacks behind regarding the investigation of attention processes in teaching action. In this study, eye movements of preservice teachers were assessed by mobile eye-tracking technology (MET). Eye movements of N = 7 preservice teachers while teaching in standardized instructional situations (M-Teach) and while teaching in classroom were recorded and analyzed with regard to fixation frequency and fixation duration. According to assumptions of expertise research, the results show that preservice teachers strongly differ in their focus of attention. Furthermore, they show that preservice teachers distribute their attention only over a few pupils while teaching. The findings provide important implications with regard to the question how to support attentional processes even at an early stage of professional development, for example by observing own MET videos. 相似文献
9.
张翔昕 《湖南师范大学教育科学学报》2020,(1):103-110
当前课程改革已进入全面深化阶段,课程标准的落实是其中的关键环节。地方教研机构在课程标准的落实中扮演着重要角色,对其发挥的作用进行研究有利于推进课程实施。根据古德莱德的五级课程理论,课程标准转化为实际的教学需要经历三个环节,每个环节中都可能会出现偏离课程标准的情况。为了顺利地落实课程标准,X区教育学院主要通过开发细化课程标准的文本促进教师对课程标准的理解;通过开发教学范式引导教师基于标准的教学;通过完善评价机制为课程的实施提供反馈;探索新的教师研修模式为教研机构的作用发挥提供保障。 相似文献
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教师课程实施程度是衡量课程实施品质的重要指标。教师课程实施程度的操作性定义是指教师在理解、运用特定课程方案中所展现出的课程认知、课程行为、课程反省以及学生学习的水平。检测这一概念主要基于三点:第一是检测什么,基于相互调适的实施观,本研究采用自上而下的编码分析国家课程方案,自下而上地分析教师对课程实施的观念,形成包含10个维度的课程评估框架;第二是如何确定教师课程实施的水平高低,根据教师课程决策的内在机制,提出划分教师课程实施水平的L-CRB架构和实施的6个水平;第三是如何检测教师的课程实施水平,本研究设计了基于L-CRB问卷和分叉型访谈工具。本研究选择10个维度中的学习方式组进行工具检验与实地检测,并基于问卷结果提出三项干预策略。 相似文献
11.
The critical challenge of recruiting, preparing, and retaining high-quality mathematics and science teachers for high-need urban schools is complex. Therefore, identifying factors that support and impede a teaching residency program’s implementation may have the potential to build an effective initiative that will benefit all stakeholders. The purpose of our study was to examine preservice teachers’ perceptions about their experiences in the Teaching Residency Program for Critical Shortage Areas program, a federally funded program designed to address teacher shortages in mathematics and science in high-need schools. Three themes emerged from the data analysis: (a) the residency framework, (b) a relevant curriculum, and (c) immersion in an authentic school context. Our findings have the potential to inform policy-makers, school administrators, university directors of school partnerships, and other individuals who have direct influence on teacher recruitment and retention. 相似文献
12.
在新一轮课程改革背景下,对1130名中小学教师进行问卷调查,分析教师实施课程标准的问题及原因.研究发现,中小学教师实施课程标准有诸多优点,但存在以下问题:(1)男教师对课程标准的认可度低,教学中较少根据课程标准调整教学内容,课程实施反思不够、满意度低.(2)与26-40岁的教师相比,41-60岁教师对课程标准的熟悉程度和认知度较低,教学中对课程标准的重视度不够;41-50岁的教师对课程实施的反思及满意度较低.(3)与小学教师相比,中学教师对课程标准的认可度、使用度以及对课程实施的满意度都较低.本研究基于活动理论构建教师实施课程标准的活动系统,并借此框架,从性别比例失衡,男、女教师群体人格特征不同;不同专业发展阶段教师存在“群间差异”;中学教师“群体共性”:多压力源下工作压力增大;“为考而教”的传统惯性等方面分析上述问题存在的可能原因. 相似文献
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Cory T. Forbes 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2013,24(1):179-197
In this nested mixed methods study I investigate factors influencing preservice elementary teachers’ adaptation of science curriculum materials to better support students’ engagement in science as inquiry. Analyses focus on two ‘reflective teaching assignments’ completed by 46 preservice elementary teachers in an undergraduate elementary science methods course in which they were asked to adapt existing science curriculum materials to plan and enact inquiry-based science lessons in elementary classrooms. Data analysis involved regression modeling of artifacts associated with these lessons, as well as in-depth, semester-long case studies of six of these preservice teachers. Results suggest that features of the existing science curriculum materials, including measures of how inquiry-based they were, have a relatively small influence on the preservice teachers’ curricular adaptations, while teacher-specific variables account for a much greater percentage of the variance. Evidence from the case studies illustrates the critical impact of the preservice teachers’ field placement contexts as an explanatory, teacher-specific factor in their curricular adaptations. These findings have important implications for science teacher educators and science curriculum developers, in terms of not only better understanding how preservice teachers engage with curriculum materials, but also how programmatic features of teacher education programs influence their ability to do so. 相似文献
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Kala S. Retna 《Asia Pacific Journal of Education》2016,36(1):5-19
Schools are continuously looking for new ways of enhancing student learning to equip students with skills that would enable them to cope with twenty-first century demands. One promising approach focuses on design thinking. This study examines teacher's perceptions, experiences and challenges faced in adopting design thinking. There is a lack of empirical research on the adoption and implementation of the design thinking process in educational context from the teachers’ point of view. This paper fills this gap and also provides insight on a recent initiative adopted in Singapore schools. Qualitative case study research was carried out in a school using teacher narratives. Data includes in-depth face-to-face interviews and participant observation. The findings show that teachers perceive that design thinking holds the potential for enhancing skills such as creativity, problem solving, communication and team work as well as empower students to develop empathy for others within and beyond the community. The research also highlighted several challenges such as inadequate resources, time constraints, fear of poor grades and the difficulty of shifting to a new way of teaching and learning that differs vastly from the traditional approach. The findings reveal that a piecemeal approach towards curriculum redesign for adopting design thinking may not provide the desired outcomes. 相似文献
15.
This paper explores teachers’ decision making by examining the topics that 11 history teachers from 10 schools in England chose to teach and how they approached teaching these topics. Data were gathered from curriculum documents and semi-structured interviews in which teachers’ topic choices and approaches to history were explored. Most teachers adopted a disciplinary approach to history teaching but one focused on analytical structures rather than processes. Additionally the findings suggest a large degree of uniformity in the topics chosen despite the freedom provided within the policy documents for history teaching in England. Few teachers had given much consideration to approaches that demonstrate the ‘usability’ of history for young people. This suggests a need to engage teachers more fully in robust curriculum debates given their central role in enacting curricula. 相似文献
16.
在我国其它省市实验区科学课程面对综合还是分科选择的难题之时,浙江省的科学课程改革与实施坚持着“综合”的导向,因而审视与反思浙江省综合科学课程推进中的问题成为必要。本文基于科学课程实施现状的调研、七个维度三个层次设计的访谈、对典型地区学校的课堂观察,提出浙江省综合科学课程推进中的问题,表现为“综合科学”与“组合科学”两种科学课程形态的并存;科学教师对科学课程性质与目标认识不到位;对课程资源理解不一,科学教材之外的课程资源开发不足;有效科学教学方式与方法的使用亟待专业引领。进而立足于综合科学课程实施中的难点,提出有效推进科学课程实施的根本在于以培养与培训相结合促进科学教师专业发展;以教材比较研究促进科学教材的完善;改革中考,促进科学教师对科学教学评价的探索。 相似文献
17.
Curriculum materials are crucial tools with which teachers engage students in science as inquiry. In order to use curriculum materials effectively, however, teachers must develop a robust capacity for pedagogical design, or the ability to mobilize a variety of personal and curricular resources to promote student learning. The purpose of this study was to develop a better understanding of the ways in which preservice elementary teachers mobilize and adapt existing science curriculum materials to plan inquiry‐oriented science lessons. Using quantitative methods, we investigated preservice teachers' curriculum design decision‐making and how their decisions influenced the inquiry orientations of their planned science lessons. Findings indicate that preservice elementary teachers were able to accurately assess how inquiry‐based existing curriculum materials are and to adapt them to make them more inquiry‐based. However, the inquiry orientations of their planned lessons were in large part determined by how inquiry‐oriented curriculum materials they used to plan their lessons were to begin with. These findings have important implications for the design of teacher education experiences that foster preservice elementary teachers' pedagogical design capacities for inquiry, as well as the development of inquiry‐based science curriculum materials that support preservice and beginning elementary teachers to engage in effective science teaching practice. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47:820–839, 2010 相似文献
18.
职前教师的教育实习在职前教师教育中的地位与作用越来越被大家认可。然而,对于教育实习这样一门综合实践课程,目前国内外对其课程设计与安排的理论探讨还略显不足。美国课程理论家小威廉姆.多尔提出的后现代"过程导向"的课程观及课程标准对于教育实习在课程目标、课程内容、课程实施、课程组织与评价等方面的规划与实施具有重要的启示意义,也可为思考我国教师教育实习的改革提供些许借鉴。 相似文献
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蒋永贵 《高等师范教育研究》2012,(5):50-55
合科初中科学课程开设是我国新课改的一个突破和亮点,教师知识是影响其实施的一个强影响因素。基于对浙江省某市合科初中科学教师的课堂观察与访谈,研究发现：一是教师知识越专业、越丰富,教学就可能越成功、越有效,否则将有很多困难;二是教师最难适应的非专业知识教学貌似生物、天文、地理等,实则物理更严重;三是进行有效教学的教师,其各类知识是不可分割的,它们相互联系、相互组织。可以说,教师知识发展水平决定着合科初中科学课程实施质量。为深化实施,教师知识亟待发展：一是夯实合科初中科学学科内容知识,完善知识结构;二是促进科学本质理解,强化课程整合意识,体现科学探究精神。最有效路径是,善用教师发展平台,重在自我提升。 相似文献